AVT 100 Study Guide Complete PDF
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This document is a study guide for AVT 100, covering the history of flight and early aviation. Includes key figures, significant events, and technological advancements. Topics range from early balloon designs to the development of airmail and the Wright brothers.
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1. **Types of balloons developed in the late 1700s**: Hot air balloons and gas balloons. 2. **Primary military use during the 1800s**: Used for reconnaissance in the Napoleonic Wars and the American Civil War. 3. **Igor Sikorsky**: Developed helicopters and started the Sikorsky Aircraft Corpora...
1. **Types of balloons developed in the late 1700s**: Hot air balloons and gas balloons. 2. **Primary military use during the 1800s**: Used for reconnaissance in the Napoleonic Wars and the American Civil War. 3. **Igor Sikorsky**: Developed helicopters and started the Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation in the USA. 4. **Pilot's license between 1910-1927**: Required to ensure safety and encourage competition. 5. **Dirigible**: A steerable lighter-than-air balloon. First official flight was in 1852 by Henri Giffard. 6. **Most influential dirigible developer**: Ferdinand von Zeppelin. 7. **WWI start date**: July 28, 1914. 8. **Significant U.S. aviation figures in WWI**: Billy Mitchell, who pushed for the importance of air power. 9. **Primary use for aircraft in WWI**: Observation and spying. 10. **Forward-firing system**: Allows bullets to shoot through the propeller without hitting it. Developed in 1915 by Anthony Fokker. 11. **Definition of an "ace"**: A pilot who knocks 5 aircraft out of service. Most prolific was Manfred von Richthofen (the Red Baron); the first "ace" was Roland Garros. 12. **"Progress in Flying Machines"**: Published by Octave Chanute. 13. **Wright Brothers\' significance**: First powered, steered, and controlled flight. 14. **Main competitors to the Wright Brothers**: Glenn Curtiss. 15. **First "passenger" killed in a practical, controlled, powered aircraft**: Thomas Selfridge. 16. **First woman to own and operate a flight school**: Harriet Quimby. 17. **Started the first "passenger" airline**: St. Petersburg-Tampa Airboat Line in 1914. 18. **Aviation pioneers Stringfellow and Henson**: Developed the Aerial Steam Carriage in the mid-1800s in England. 19. **Wright Brothers\' friend and mentor**: Octave Chanute. 20. **Flying competitions sponsors**: Various individuals and organizations before and after WWI, including royal families and wealthy patrons. 21. **Development of airmail**: Began in 1918 in the United States. 22. **Exact date of the Wright Brothers\' most famous flight**: December 17, 1903. 23. **Influential in seaplane development**: Glenn Curtiss. 24. **Aerial Experiment Association's main purpose**: To develop practical aircraft; founded by Alexander Graham Bell. 25. **Beneficiary of the Aerial Experiment Association**: Members like Glenn Curtiss benefited; its legacy lies in early aviation advancements. 26. **Alberto Santos Dumont\'s contribution**: Pioneered controlled flight in Europe and designed dirigibles and airplanes. 27. **Charles Lindbergh's most famous flight**: First solo nonstop transatlantic flight from New York to Paris on May 20-21, 1927. 28. **Wright Brothers Patent Wars**: Their main opponent was Glenn Curtiss. 29. **Wright's granted patent for**: The method of controlling a flying machine. 30. **Flight training and instruction providers**: Often conducted by military instructors and experienced pilots. 31. **Amelia Earhart's first famous flight**: As the first woman to fly across the Atlantic in 1928. 32. **"Father of Aviation"**: Often attributed to George Cayley for his pioneering work in aerodynamics and fixed-wing aircraft. 33. **Air Mail Act of 1925**: Allowed private airlines to carry mail, paving the way for the commercial aviation industry. 34. **Actual operating airmail industry**: Began in 1918 in the United States. 35. **Primary contributors to early airmail**: Pilots, postal service, and the military. 36. **Air Commerce Act of 1926**: Established federal regulations for aviation safety and navigation. 37. **Barnstorming**: Post-WWI pilots performing aerial stunts and giving rides, helping to popularize aviation.