Pediatric Complications PDF
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Summary
This document provides information on pediatric complications, specifically pleural effusion and pericardial effusion tamponade. It details definitions, causes, symptoms, and treatment approaches related to these conditions. Medical professionals may find this document useful as reference.
Full Transcript
## R. PEDIATRIC COMPLICATIONS ### Pleural Effusion - **Definition:** The excess of fluid built up between the layers of pleura outside the lungs. Higher incidence in the neonatal population. - **Causes:** - Mispositioning of the tip of a CVAD - Infusion of known pharmacological irritants,...
## R. PEDIATRIC COMPLICATIONS ### Pleural Effusion - **Definition:** The excess of fluid built up between the layers of pleura outside the lungs. Higher incidence in the neonatal population. - **Causes:** - Mispositioning of the tip of a CVAD - Infusion of known pharmacological irritants, vesicants, or parenteral nutrition - **Symptoms:** - Newly observed respiratory distress - Chest radiograph changes - Hypoxemia - **Treatment:** - Stop infusion and aspirate catheter prior to removal. - Supportive care as directed by LIP - Needle aspiration/chest tube insertion ### Pericardial Effusion Tamponade - **Definition:** The accumulation of excess fluid in the pericardial space. Higher incidence in the infant population. - **Causes:** - Perforation or transduction from umbilical or percutaneous central venous catheter - Cannulation for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. - Generalized edema - **Symptoms:** - Can evolve gradually or rapidly. - Unusual varying of heart rate. - Fluctuating blood pressure. - Poor peripheral pulses, delayed capillary refill. - Hypoxia. - Beck's Triad: - Narrowing pulse pressure. - Muffled heart sounds. - Jugular Vein Distention: typically not appreciated in neonates/infants. - **Treatment:** - Medical emergency. - Immediately notify LIP for urgent diagnoses and treatment. - Pericardiocentesis. - Supportive care as prescribed by LIP.
