ASEAN Literature PDF

I. INTRODUCTION OF ASEAN influences, and post- LITERATURE independence identity formation. THEMES IN ASEAN LITERATURE KEY POINTS IN ASEAN 1. Colonialism and p...

I. INTRODUCTION OF ASEAN influences, and post- LITERATURE independence identity formation. THEMES IN ASEAN LITERATURE KEY POINTS IN ASEAN 1. Colonialism and post-colonialism LITERATURE HISTORY: Pre-Colonial Literature: 2. Nationalism and Patriotism Before the arrival of European colonizers, the literature of 3. Social Justice and Inequality Southeast Asia was deeply intertwined with oral traditions. 4. Gender and Identity For instance, the Ramayana and Mahabharata influenced many 5. Religion and Spirituality Southeast Asian cultures, leading to the creation of local versions of these 6. Mythology and Folklore epics. IMPORTANCE OF ASEAN Colonial Influence: LITERATURE The colonial period, which varied o ASEAN literature, representing in time and intensity across the the diverse voices and cultures of region, introduced Western literary the Southeast Asian region, plays forms and languages. a crucial role in fostering regional identity, understanding, and Post-Colonial Literature: unity. After gaining independence, o This body of work contributes to Southeast Asian nations experienced cultural preservation, as it a literary renaissance, focusing on captures the unique customs, themes of nationalism, identity, and languages, and histories of each social justice. nation, while also addressing Writers began to use literature as a universal human concerns. tool for reflecting on the struggles of ASEAN literature serves as a nation-building and the challenges of bridge between nations, modernization. promoting cross-cultural dialogue, empathy, and Contemporary ASEAN Literature: collaboration. Today, ASEAN literature is HISTORY OF ASEAN ITERATURE characterized by a blend of tradition The literature of the Association and modernity. Writers explore a of Southeast Asian Nations wide range of themes, including (ASEAN) is a rich tapestry that globalization, migration, and reflects the diverse cultures, environmental concerns, while still histories, and languages of its drawing on traditional narratives and member countries. Established forms. The rise of digital platforms in 1967, ASEAN includes ten has also allowed for a more vibrant Southeast Asian nations: Brunei, literary exchange within the region, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, fostering a greater sense of regional Malaysia, Myanmar, the identity and solidarity. Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. Each of these countries has a distinct literary tradition, shaped by their unique historical experiences, including colonization, religious  Literary Exchange and proper encompasses only a small Collaboration: proportion of that area. The ASEAN Literary Festival and other regional initiatives have played CULTURE important roles in promoting literary ▪ The culture of the Philippines exchange among ASEAN countries comprises a blend of traditional Filipino and Spanish Catholic II. PHILIPPINES CULTURE AND traditions, with influences from TRADITION America and other parts of Asia. The PEARL OF THE ORIENT. Filipinos are family oriented and The Philippines is called Asia's often religious with an appreciation pearl of the orient for the richness of for art, fashion, music and food. its culture and the beauty of its landscape. It is home to centuries old TRADITIONS churches, turn of the century 1. Competitive Karaoke mansions, ancient forts and modern Having originated in Japan, this fun museums. The Philippines is an pastime found itself on Philippine archipelago comprising 7,100 shores very quickly. With karaoke islands. With its extensive coastline, studios peppered across every the country offers the best of island municipality, there’s always room for beaches, white sand blue water everyone’s favourite sport: teeming with marine life, corals and competitive singing! lush foliage. The Philippines is 2. Bayanihan blessed with a moderate climate As a country that is prone to making it an ideal sun holiday typhoons and volcano eruptions, destination. Filipinos have seen their fair share of natural calamities. Always resilient MANILA and light-hearted, Philippine culture ▪ Manila, capital and chief city of the often entails a bayanihan character, Philippines. The city is the centre of best expressed during times of crisis. the country’s economic, political, 3. Four-month Christmas social, and cultural activity. It is Filipinos love an excuse to party, and located on the island of Luzon and Christmas is the biggest, longest spreads along the eastern shore of party of all. In the Philippines, they Manila Bay at the mouth of the Pasig start celebrating three months early, River. giving them the longest Christmas ▪ The city’s name, originally Maynilad, season in the world! It starts as soon is derived from that of the nilad as the "Ber-Months" do— plant, a flowering shrub adapted to SeptemBER, OctoBER, NovemBER marshy conditions, which once grew and...DecemBER! profusely along the banks of the 4. Fiestas river; the name was shortened first to Having been colonised by Spain for Maynila and then to its present form. more than 300 years, a large number In 1975, by presidential decree, of Filipino citizens identify as Manila and its contiguous cities and Christians. Most provinces have a municipalities were integrated to patron saint and celebrate fiestas or function as a single administrative festivals in their honour. region, known as Metropolitan 5. Filipinos love to eat…and Manila (also called the National drinks! Capital Region); the Manila city Although this rings true for all cultures and countries, the jovial  Filipino character is best expressed III. VIETNAM LITERATURE through food. INTRODUCTION Trivia: "tagay" is the oft-used Pinoy ▪ Vietnamese literature was equivalent for cheers!, though you may developed at an early date. Despite also hear the call-out "kampay" often, the harsh trials of history in the which is a localised form of the Japanese form of repeated foreign invasion, "kanpai", meaning to 'empty the glass'. its own characteristics remain. ▪ It is including two major LITERARY WORKS components which have developed 1. Si Mabuti by Genoveva Edroza- simultaneously and are Matute profoundly interrelated: Folk 2. Tata Selo by Rogelio Sikat literature and written literature FOLK LITERATURE GENOVEVA EDROZA-MATUTE ▪ Vietnamese folk literature came - Isinilang noong ikaw-13 ng Enero into being very early and had a 1915 profound effect on the spiritual life - Isang tanyag na kwentista sa of the Viet’s. wikang Filipino. ▪ Legends, fairy tales, humorous - Siya ay nagturo sa loob ng stories, folk songs, epics and so on apatnapu’t anim na taon at have a tremendous vitality and nagretiro bilang dekana ng have live on today. Dalubhasaang Normal ng Pilipinas WRITTEN LITERATURE (Philippine Normal University). ▪ Vietnamese folk litFirst appeared - Nagtamo ng kauna-unahang around the 10th century. It had a Gawad Palanca para sa Maikling leading role and bore the main Kwento noong 1951 para sa traits of Vietnamese literature. kanyang kathang Kwent oni From the 10th century, literary Mabuti. works were written in Han - Siya ay ginawaran ng Sentrong (classical Chinese) and chu Pangkultura ng Pilipinas ng Gawad nom.erature came into being very CCP para sa Sining noong 1992. early and had a profound effect on - Pumanaw siya noong March 21, the spiritual life of the Viet’s. 2009, sa edad na 94. Legends, fairy tales, humorous stories, folk songs, epics and so on have a tremendous vitality and have live on today. ▪ Well-known works written in chu nom included Chinh Phu Ngam by female poet Doan Thi Diem, the Kieu story by Nguyen Du, and chu nom poems of female poet Ho Xuan Huang. ▪ In the 20’s, and the following decades, the country’s literature was written in Vietnamese quoc ngu (Romanized national language) ▪ Alenxander de Rhodes is a French Jesuit missionary  EXAMPLE OF POETRY ❖ SUBTYPES 1. Long lang 1. Sonnet 2. Hay ve voi em 2. Shakespearean orEnglish 3. Giai-Nhan Di-Max 3. Petrarchan or Italian 4. Xuan Ve Goi Ban 4. Haiku 5. Matsuo Basho 5. Elegy 6. Limerick VIETNAM LITERATURE 7. Ballad ▪ Traditionally, Vietnamese 8. Ode Literature always featured patriotism, national pride and ❖ SOUND DEVICES: humanism. It was not by chance 1. Alliteration that great cultural personalities 2. Assonance such as Nguyen Trai, Nguyen Du 3. Consonance and ho Chi Minh were also 4. Onomatopoeia humanitists 5. Rhyne ▪ Is a literature, both oral and 6. Rhythm written, created largely by Vietnamese speaking people ❖ FIGURATIVE DEVICES: ▪ Although Francophone 1. Simile Vietnamese and English- speaking 2. Metaphor Vietnamese authors in Australia 3. Personification and United States are counted by 4. Irony many critics as part of the national 5. Metonymy tradition 6. Synecdoche CULTURE TRADITION ESSENTIAL PHRASES YOU’LL ▪ Its culture combines traditions, NEED IN VIETNAM Chinese, and Western influences. ▪ Dạ / Không (yah / comb) — Yes / The system of values is based on No the good name, respect, love for ▪ Xin Lỗi (sin loy) / Excuse me learning, and loyalty to the family. ▪ Tôi không hiểu. (toy comb hey-oo) The ao dai is a gown worn over / I don’t understand trousers, considered the national ▪ Hển gạp lại (hen gap lie) / See you dress. again ▪ Nhà vể sinh ở đâu? (nah vey sin uh VITENAMESE CUSTOMS AND dow) / Where is the bathroom? TRADITIONS ▪ Rể trái / Rể phại (ray-uh try / ray- 1. Ancestor Worship uh fy) — Turn left / Turn right 2. Burning votive paper 3. Wedding LITERARY WORKS 1. The Cherished Daughter POEM 2. A School Boy’s Apology by Le ❖ TYPES OF POETRY Thanh Huan 1. Lyric Poetry 3. Inside Submarines by Phan 2. Narrative Poetry Nhien Hao/ translated by Linh 3. Descriptive Poetry Dinh IV. BRUNEI LITERATURE RELIGION BRUNEI’S FLAG ▪ Muslim is the office religion ▪ Yellow – Symbol of Generosity ▪ Other religions are allowed, ▪ White- Peace and Honesty but are restricted ▪ Some Christian holidays are CAPITAL recognized ▪ Bandar Seri Begawan, formerly ▪ 67% Muslim, 13% Buddhist, (until 1970) Brunei Town, capital 10% Christian of Brunei. The city lies along the Brunei River near its mouth on CLOTHING Brunei Bay, an inlet of the South ▪ Mostly consists of Muslim China Sea on the northern coast of clothing the island of Borneo. ▪ Strict rules, no Western-like clothing ECONOMY ▪ Some people can wear ▪ Major Oil Producer shorts, T- shirts, etc. ▪ 1.4 Bruneian Dollars = 1US Characteristics of Brunei’s LANGUAGE economy ▪ The official language is ❖ RESOURCE-BASED Malay, with English as a ECONOMY major second language. ❖ HIGH STANDARD OF LIVING Many Chinese speak ❖ LIMITED ECONOMIC southern varieties of DIVERSIFICATION Chinese, and many learn ❖ GOVERNMENT Mandarin in school. INTERVENTION ❖ SMALL POPULATION Challenges and Opportunities ❖ DEPENDENCE ON OIL AND GAS ❖ ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS ❖ ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION ❖ INFRASTRACTURE DEVELOPMENT GOVERNMENT ▪ Constitutional Monarchy GEOGRAPHY ▪ Based on the English ▪ Flat coast with mountain common law regions in the East ▪ Shariah Law can exceed ▪ Natural disasters are constitution at times common ▪ Sultan is Hassanal Bolkiah ▪ Prone to tsunamis on the ▪ Brunei is an absolute Northern coast monarchy in which the ▪ Prone to tsunamis on the sultan exercises executive Northern coast power. There are no elected representatives at the national  FOOD - Taunting - intended to provoke (Nasi Katok; Nasi lemak) someone in an insulting or ▪ Heavily influenced by South contemptuous manner. East Asian countries - Emblazoned - conspicuously ▪ Slight influence from East inscribe or display a design on. Asian countries - Protrude - extend beyond or above a ▪ Fish and rice are the staple surface. foods 2. BONEO’S GREEN HEART ▪ Beef and other meats are ▪ VOCABULARY AT WORK expensive - Den - a wild animal's lair or habitation. HISTORY - Oasis - a fertile spot in a desert, ▪ Sultan of Brunei ruled from where water is found. 16th century - Tranquility - the quality or state of ▪ Originally had more territory being tranquil; calm. such as the Philippines - Neoclassical - of, relating to, or ▪ European influence ended constituting a revival or adaptation the Sultan reign of the classical especially in literature, music, art, or ART/LITERATURE architecture. ▪ Influenced by Sultanan rule - Comport - conduct oneself; behave. and Traditional heritage - Sultanate- A sovereign or vassal ▪ Mix of modernized art and princely state—usually Muslim— traditional art where the ruler is. 3. TRAVEL BRUNEI LITERARY WORKS DARUSSALAM 1. THE OILFIELD LABORERS 4. POEM- BANDAR SERI ▪ VOCABULARY AT WORK BEGAWAN BY JOHN TIONG - Distraught - deeply upset and CHUNGHOO agitated. ▪ VOCABULARY AT WORK - Conflagration - an extensive fire - Jungle - an area of land overgrown which destroys a great deal of land with dense forest and tangled or property. vegetation, typically in the tropics. - Suspended - to stop something from - Produce- make or manufacture being active, either temporarily or from components or raw materials. permanently - Gleaming - (of a smooth surface) - Mist - water in the form of particles reflecting light, typically because floating or falling in the atmosphere very clean or polished. at or near the surface of the earth - Flora and fauna - refer to plants and and approaching the form of rain animals in the broadest sense of the - Stumps - the part of something words, encompassing pretty much such as a tree, tooth, arm, or leg all life on earth. that is left after most of it has been - Subjects - a person or thing that is removed being discussed, described, or dealt - Smouldering - burn slowly with with. smoke but no flame. - Sampan - a flat-bottomed skiff used - Derrick - a kind of crane with a in eastern asia and usually movable pivoted arm for moving or propelled by two short oars. lifting heavy weights, especially on a - Stilt - either of a pair of upright ship. poles with supports for the feet  enabling the user to walk at a distance above the ground. - Poignant - evoking a keen sense of sadness or regret. - Rucksack - a bag with shoulder straps that allow it to be carried on someone's back, typically made of a strong, waterproof material and widely used by hikers; a backpack. - Baju melayu - a form of traditional wear worn by the malay community. - Egret - a heron with mainly white plumage, having long plumes in the breeding season. - Cutlery - knives, forks, and spoons used for eating or serving food. - Harem - (in former times) the separate part of a muslim household reserved for wives, concubines, and female servants.