DON Active Shooter Training - PDF

Department of the Navy Active Shooter Training Table of Contents Introduction and Course Logistics – Part 1 (Running Time 6:43).................................................. 2 Introduction and Course Logistics – Part 2 (Running Time 7:25)................................................ 10 Characteristics of an Active Shooter (Running Time 5:55)......................................................... 19 Emergency Response (Running Time 3:13)................................................................................... 29 First Aid and Survival (Running Time 11:04)................................................................................... 35 Law Enforcement (Running Time 5:17).......................................................................................... 50 Communication (Running Time 7:10)............................................................................................ 56 Afterwards (Running Time 6:41)...................................................................................................... 69 Final Exam......................................................................................................................................... 79 DON Active Shooter Training Introduction and Course Logistics – Part 1 (Running Time 6:43) PAGE 1 Audio: Welcome to the Department of the Navy Active Shooter web-based training course. On screen: Department of the Navy Active Shooter Training PAGE 2 Audio: If you would like to follow along with a written transcript of this training, you can download a copy by clicking on the Transcript icon located in the lower left corner of the screen, marked by the “T” symbol. You can also download the transcript from the Resources page of this training site. You can access the Resources page by clicking on “Resources” at the top of the screen. Closed captioning is available for this course and can be activated by clicking on the Closed Captioning icon located in the lower left corner of the screen, marked by the “CC” symbol. On screen: (Image of course transcript) PAGE 3 Audio: Users can access this course via screen reader software. When screen reader mode is enabled, this training course will automatically pause at the end of each screen, allowing time to review all on-screen information before continuing. Detailed instructions on how to take this course with assistive software can be found at the link provided here. You can also access these instructions from the Resources page of this training site. If you are currently using screen reader software, use the Up and Down arrow keys to activate screen reader mode. Otherwise, click on the "RESUME" button to continue without activating these features. DON Active Shooter Training – Introduction and Course Logistics – Part 1 (04-21-21) Page 2 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: If you do not require assistive software, click here to skip this page. Users requiring additional assistance can access this course utilizing their screen reader software. This feature is only intended for users who currently have assistive software on their computer. (Image of "View Screen Reader Instructions" button) Note: Activating screen reader mode without assistive software will prevent the training from running properly. (Image of "RESUME" button) PAGE 4 Audio: Naval Air Station Pensacola: On December 6, 2019, at approximately 6:51 a.m., Mohammed Saeed Alshamrani, 21, armed with a handgun, began shooting inside a training classroom at the Naval Air Station Pensacola, in Pensacola, Florida. Three people were killed; eight people (including two law enforcement officers) were wounded. The Shooter, who was participating in aviation training at the station, was killed by law enforcement during an exchange of gunfire at the scene. Unfortunately, this incident is not a one-of-a-kind incident. Active Threats are a reality to anyone who works at home or in the community. DON Active Shooter Training – Introduction and Course Logistics – Part 1 (04-21-21) Page 3 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: Introduction On December 6, 2019, Mohammed Saeed Alshamrani, 21, armed with a handgun, began shooting inside a training classroom at the Naval Air Station Pensacola, in Pensacola, Florida. 3 people were killed and 8 others were wounded. (Images of the Naval Air Station Pensacola Active Shooter incident) All Active Shooter/Threat situations raise questions about how best to defend against threats operating on members of our military and civilian community. Active Threats are a reality to anyone who works at home or in the community. PAGE 5 Audio: An Active Threat is an individual actively engaged in killing or attempting to kill people in a confined and populated area, typically with firearms. For the purposes of this training, the terms “Active Shooter” and “Active Threat” are synonymous with one another. The term “Active Shooter” within this training will also include anyone who uses any other deadly weapon (knife, club, bow and arrow, explosives, etc.) to systematically or randomly inflict death or great bodily harm on others, which is where “Active Threat” stems from. Active Shooter scenarios are incredibly dangerous and difficult because there is no criminal objective (robbery, hostage-taking) involved other than mass murder. Often, the Shooter has no regard for their own life, and may be planning to die. These elements leave law enforcement no other tactic than to find and neutralize the Shooter as quickly as possible. For law enforcement, the key to protecting the public from an Active Shooter or Threat is to respond appropriately to the unique situation with intensity and speed. An objective of commanders, to properly train their employees to react to Active Threat incidents, is thorough, accurate, and timely assessment of known threats. This empowers DON Active Shooter Training – Introduction and Course Logistics – Part 1 (04-21-21) Page 4 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training commanders to implement their force protection and response plans in order to deter, detect, delay, deny, and defend against terrorist actions. Threat Courses of Action (COAs) combine current modes of operation and historical data and are required to be evaluated accordingly. This method allows employees to understand the potential impacts to their families, friends, and coworkers. On screen: Introduction An Active Threat is an individual actively engaged in killing or attempting to kill people in a confined and populated area The term “Active Shooter” within this training will also include anyone who uses any other deadly weapon (knife, club, bow and arrow, explosives, etc.) to systematically or randomly inflict death or great bodily harm on others Active Shooter scenarios are incredibly dangerous and difficult because there is no criminal objective o Law enforcement must find and neutralize the Shooter as quickly as possible An objective of commanders, to properly train their employees to react to Active Threat incidents, is thorough, accurate, and timely assessment of known threats Threat Courses of Action (COAs) combine current modes of operation and historical data PAGE 6 Audio: Since 2013, the following major Active Shooter events have occurred: Navy Yard, Washington D.C. 2013; Chattanooga, Tennessee 2015; San Bernardino, California 2016; Dallas, Texas 2016; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 2016; Fort Lauderdale – Hollywood International Airport, Florida 2017; Paris, France 2017; DON Active Shooter Training – Introduction and Course Logistics – Part 1 (04-21-21) Page 5 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 2018; Joint Base Pearl Harbor – Hickam, Hawaii 2019; Naval Air Station Pensacola, Florida 2019; and Naval Air Station Corpus Christi, Texas 2020. Vehicle attacks include: Nice, France 2016; Europe (various locations) 2017; and New York City, New York 2017. Jihadist attacks (stabbings) include: Ohio State University, Ohio 2016; and Westminster Bridge, London, United Kingdom 2017. DON Active Shooter Training – Introduction and Course Logistics – Part 1 (04-21-21) Page 6 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: Introduction Major Active Shooter events: Vehicle attacks: Navy Yard, Washington D.C. 2013 Nice, France 2016 Chattanooga, Tennessee 2015 Europe (various locations) 2017 San Bernardino, California 2016 New York City, New York 2017 Dallas, Texas 2016 Jihadist attacks (stabbings): Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 2016 Ohio State University, Ohio 2016 Fort Lauderdale - Hollywood Westminster Bridge, London, International Airport, Florida 2017 United Kingdom 2017 Paris, France 2017 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 2018 Joint Base Pearl Harbor – Hickam, Hawaii 2019 NAS Pensacola, Florida 2019 NAS Corpus Christi, Texas 2020 PAGE 7 Audio: The Department of the Navy (DON) recognizes the need to provide its employees and families with information about Active Shooters and how to respond should you find yourself in an Active Shooter situation. Knowing what to do may save your life or that of others. The Department of the Nay Active Shooter Training is required training for all DON personnel. DON Active Shooter Training – Introduction and Course Logistics – Part 1 (04-21-21) Page 7 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: Introduction Knowing what to do in an Active Shooter situation may save your life or that of others The Department of the Navy Active Shooter Training is required training for all DON personnel PAGE 8 Audio: Active Shooter situations are unpredictable and evolve quickly. Because the situations are often over within ten to fifteen minutes, and prior to law enforcement arriving, individuals must be prepared both mentally and physically to deal with an Active Shooter situation. Some questions to ask yourself are: How would I describe an Active Shooter incident? What actions will the emergency responders take to neutralize the threat and treat the wounded? What actions should I take to ensure my safety and the safety of others around me? What information can I recall to assist in the investigation process or identify the suspect? How can I assist the Command in planning for an extreme event like an Active Shooter? How can I prepare myself, my coworkers, and my family to react properly to an Active Shooter situation? DON Active Shooter Training – Introduction and Course Logistics – Part 1 (04-21-21) Page 8 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: Be Prepared Active Shooter situations are unpredictable and evolve quickly. Because the situations are often over within 10 to 15 minutes - before law enforcement can arrive - individuals must be prepared both mentally and physically to deal with an Active Shooter situation. Questions to ask yourself: How would I describe an Active Shooter incident? What actions will the emergency responders take to neutralize the threat and treat the wounded? What actions should I take to ensure my safety and the safety of others around me? What information can I recall to assist in the investigation process or identify the suspect? How can I assist the Command in planning for an extreme event like an Active Shooter? How can I prepare myself, my coworkers, and my family to react to an Active Shooter situation? PAGE 9 Audio: This concludes Part 1 of this training module. Click on the "NEXT" button to proceed to Part 2. On screen: Coming up next Introduction and Course Logistics – Part 2 (Image of “NEXT” button) DON Active Shooter Training – Introduction and Course Logistics – Part 1 (04-21-21) Page 9 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training Introduction and Course Logistics – Part 2 (Running Time 7:25) PAGE 1 Audio: The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) created “Run, Hide, Fight” as a quick way to remember immediate actions during an Active Shooter situation. Law enforcement agencies recommend escaping if you can, hiding if you cannot, and fighting with the suspect as a last resort. Run, Hide, Fight pertains to all personnel, despite the type of environment you work in. During this training, keep in mind your work location and how you can apply these techniques to survive an Active Threat situation. On screen: RUN, HIDE, FIGHT Run and escape if you can (go to a secure location outside the immediate threat area) Hide if you can't (hide in a space that can be locked or barricaded) Fight only if you have to by using anything within reach (e.g., piece of furniture, equipment, or makeshift weapon) to fight the threat if required PAGE 2 Audio: RUN and escape, if possible. Getting away from the Shooter (or Shooters) is the main priority; Leave your belongings behind and move as quickly as possible to a location outside the threat area to get away; Help others escape, if possible, but evacuate regardless of whether others agree to follow; If possible, warn and prevent non-first responders from entering an area or building where the Active Shooter situation is occurring; and Call 911 when you are safe, and describe the Shooter, location, and weapons. For the “RUN” aspect, if you work in an office building, you need to be familiar with all exits, windows, fire escapes, etc. But if you work in an industrial area, or in an area not in a DON Active Shooter Training – Introduction and Course Logistics – Part 2 (04-21-21) Page 10 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training building or office setting (for example, outdoors, waterfront, flightline, or maintenance depot), you also need to know where you would escape to if the threat was in your area. Unlike a threat to an office environment, if you happen to be outdoors, you may need to run to a place where you can hide. It is imperative you are aware of where all access points are for the area in which you are located. This may include a ship or submarine, vehicle, tool shed, or any other location out of sight of the Shooter and that provides some level of cover. It is incumbent on leadership to know the layout of their facility and continually train employees on locations that may be suitable for running to, and arguably more important, those locations where they should NOT run to. NOTE: When outdoors during an Active Shooter situation, the safest place to run to may be inside a building. On screen: RUN, HIDE, FIGHT RUN and escape, if possible: Getting away from the Shooter(s) is the main priority Leave your belongings behind and move as quickly as possible to a location outside the threat area to get away Help others escape, if possible, but evacuate regardless of whether others agree to follow If possible, warn and prevent non-first responders from entering an area or building where the Active Shooter situation is occurring Call 911 when you are safe, and describe the Shooter, location, and weapons If you work in an office building, be familiar with all exits, windows, fire escapes, etc. If you work in an industrial area, or an area not in a building/office setting, know where you would escape to if the threat was in your area If outdoors, you may need to run to a place where you can hide (e.g., a ship or submarine, vehicle, tool shed, or any other location out of sight of the Shooter and that provides some level of cover) Leadership must know the layout of their facility and continually train employees on locations that may be suitable for running to and those locations where they should NOT run to DON Active Shooter Training – Introduction and Course Logistics – Part 2 (04-21-21) Page 11 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training PAGE 3 Audio: HIDE, if escape is not possible. In the event you cannot escape, you must use all resources within your reach to conceal your position from the threat. In an office environment, this may include in a locked office, or office doors barricaded with furniture in the space. However, if you are located outdoors, you may hide behind a dumpster, around the corner of a building, and may need to move to another location to protect yourself. Make it a habit to continually evaluate your location, what has changed, and how you would hide TODAY if an Active Threat situation were to happen. Get out of the Shooter’s view and stay very quiet. Silence all electronic devices and make sure they will not vibrate. Lock and block doors, close blinds, and turn off lights. Do not hide in large groups - spread out along the walls or hide separately to make it more difficult for the Shooter. Try to communicate with police silently - use text message or social media to tag your location, or put a sign in a window. Stay in place until law enforcement gives you the all clear. Your hiding place should be out of the Shooter's view and provide protection if shots are fired in your direction. DON Active Shooter Training – Introduction and Course Logistics – Part 2 (04-21-21) Page 12 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: RUN, HIDE, FIGHT HIDE if escape is not possible: In the event you cannot escape, you must use all resources within your reach to conceal your position from the threat o In an office environment, this may include in a locked office, office doors barricaded with furniture in the space o If outdoors, you may hide behind a dumpster, around the corner of a building, and may need to move to another location to protect yourself Get out of the Shooter’s view and stay very quiet Silence all electronic devices and make sure they won’t vibrate Lock and block doors, close blinds, and turn off lights Don’t hide in large groups - spread out along walls or hide separately to make it more difficult for the Shooter Try to communicate with police silently - use text message or social media to tag your location, or put a sign in a window Stay in place until law enforcement gives you the all clear Your hiding place should be out of the Shooter's view and provide protection if shots are fired in your direction PAGE 4 Audio: As a LAST RESORT, if you cannot escape or find suitable cover (hide), you may be forced to take action against the threat. In this case, whether you are working in an office or located outdoors, your ability to FIGHT the threat is the same. Use whatever items you can get your hands on to defeat the threat. This could be using office equipment to incapacitate the Shooter, or equipment you use in your daily job. Commit to your actions and act as aggressively as possible against the Shooter; Recruit others to ambush the Shooter with makeshift weapons like chairs, fire extinguishers, tools, scissors, books, etc.; Be prepared to cause severe or lethal injury to the Shooter; and DON Active Shooter Training – Introduction and Course Logistics – Part 2 (04-21-21) Page 13 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training Throw items and improvise weapons to distract and disarm the Shooter. On screen: RUN, HIDE, FIGHT FIGHT as an absolute last resort: Whether you are working in an office or located outdoors, your ability to FIGHT the threat is the same o Use whatever items you can get your hands on to defeat the threat - this could be using office equipment to incapacitate the Shooter, or equipment you use in your daily job Commit to your actions and act as aggressively as possible against the Shooter Recruit others to ambush the Shooter with makeshift weapons like chairs, fire extinguishers, tools, scissors, books, etc. Be prepared to cause severe or lethal injury to the Shooter Throw items and improvise weapons to distract and disarm the Shooter PAGE 5 Audio: During the course of this instruction, individual training modules will be presented. We will begin with a discussion on the characteristics of an Active Shooter. We will discuss what to expect from the emergency response teams, what actions you should take for survival, and how to respond to law enforcement. We will discuss how to prepare for an Active Shooter situation and what you should do afterwards, should a situation occur. DON Active Shooter Training – Introduction and Course Logistics – Part 2 (04-21-21) Page 14 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: Course Structure Characteristics of an Active Shooter Emergency Response First Aid and Survival Law Enforcement Communication Afterwards PAGE 6 Audio: Before we begin the training modules, let us discuss the logistics involved in this web- based training. To accommodate your work schedule, this training provides the ability for you to log out at any time. Your progress will be saved after each page you view. If you log out in the middle of the training, you will resume the training where you left off the next time you log in. On screen: Course Logistics You may log out at any time during the training When you log back in, you will resume training where you left off PAGE 7 Audio: You must complete each training module in the sequence in which it is presented. However, you will be able to review any previously completed training modules by clicking on "Menu", highlighted here, and then on the training topic. During the presentation of each training module, you will have the ability to pause the presentation, skip back, and replay the training module again. If you review a module that has already been completed, you will also have the ability to skip ahead. DON Active Shooter Training – Introduction and Course Logistics – Part 2 (04-21-21) Page 15 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: Course Logistics Each training module must be completed in the sequence in which it is presented You can review previously completed training modules During each training module, you may pause, go back and start again PAGE 8 Audio: Before completing a module of instruction, you may be presented with a knowledge check to ensure your understanding of the information presented to you during that module. At the end of the module of instruction and knowledge check, click on the "NEXT" button to proceed to the next module. On screen: Course Logistics You may be presented with a knowledge check to ensure your understanding of the information presented to you Upon completion of the knowledge check, click on the "NEXT" button to proceed to the next training module PAGE 9 Audio: After you have completed all of the training modules, you will be presented with a final exam to test your overall knowledge of the information presented to you in this training course. You will be required to answer 80% of the exam questions correctly in order to complete the training. You will be given three opportunities to pass the exam. If you do not pass after three attempts, you will be required to view the course again from the beginning. DON Active Shooter Training – Introduction and Course Logistics – Part 2 (04-21-21) Page 16 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: Course Logistics At the end of the training, you will be presented with a final exam You must answer 80% of the exam questions correctly to complete the training You will have three opportunities to pass the exam If you do not pass after three attempts, you will be required to view the entire course again PAGE 10 Audio: Upon successfully completing the course, a Certificate of Completion will be provided for you to print out. On screen: (Image of sample course completion certificate) PAGE 11 Audio: As previously mentioned, a Resources page has been created for this web-based training. In addition to a written transcript of the training, this page contains links to references used throughout the training that you can access at any time for more information regarding the topics being discussed. On screen: (Image of course Resources page) PAGE 12 Audio: Now that you have a feel for how to navigate through this web-based training, let us begin. Click on the "NEXT" button to start the presentation of the first training module, Characteristics of an Active Shooter. DON Active Shooter Training – Introduction and Course Logistics – Part 2 (04-21-21) Page 17 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: Coming up next: Characteristics of an Active Shooter (Image of "NEXT" button) DON Active Shooter Training – Introduction and Course Logistics – Part 2 (04-21-21) Page 18 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training Characteristics of an Active Shooter (Running Time 5:55) PAGE 1 Audio: In this training module, we will discuss the characteristics of an Active Shooter. On screen: Characteristics of an Active Shooter PAGE 2 Audio: You may recall events in which someone entered an area and began shooting or taking hostages for no apparent reason. Active Shooter incidents have the following common elements: The threat is not contained, and there is an immediate risk of death or serious injury; Incidents of targeted violence are rarely sudden, impulsive acts; they are planned due to some sort of grievance against personnel in the workspace or the chain of command; Most shooters have no history of prior violent or criminal behavior; however, most shooters do show potential indicators in the months and weeks leading up to an incident; and These events are considered the greatest terrorist threat in our communities. DON Active Shooter Training – Characteristics of an Active Shooter (04-21-21) Page 19 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: Common Elements The threat is not contained, and there is an immediate risk of death or serious injury to personnel and first responders Incidents of targeted violence are rarely sudden, impulsive acts; they are planned Most shooters have no history of prior violent or criminal behavior These events are considered the greatest terrorist threat in our communities (Image of a handgun) PAGE 3 Audio: The term “Active Shooter” within this training will also include anyone who uses any other deadly weapon (knife, club, bow and arrow, explosives, etc.) to systematically or randomly inflict death or great bodily harm on others. Active Shooter scenarios are incredibly dangerous and difficult because there is usually no criminal objective (robbery, hostage-taking) involved other than mass murder. Often, the Shooter has no regard for their own life, and may be planning to die. These elements leave law enforcement no other tactic than to find and neutralize the Shooter as quickly as possible. For law enforcement, the key to protecting the public from an Active Shooter is to respond appropriately to the unique situation with intensity and speed. When you hear about Active Shooter incidents, you probably ask yourself, “Why would someone do this to innocent people? What could possibly be going through that person’s mind?” Studies have found common characteristics among these criminals: The Shooter has a desire to kill and seriously injure without concern for his safety or threat of capture; These shootings are often unpredictable and strike in places such as our schools, places of worship, and places of work. They also occur in random public settings; DON Active Shooter Training – Characteristics of an Active Shooter (04-21-21) Page 20 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training There may or may not be specific victims. Historically, many shooters will have intended victims and will search them out while taking others in the wake; The Shooter takes targets of opportunity (additional victims) while searching for, or after finding, intended victims; The Shooter will continue to move throughout a building or area while looking for victims until stopped by law enforcement, suicide, or individual intervention; and Investigations reveal that most workplaces have not prepared employees for such a hostile event. DON Active Shooter Training – Characteristics of an Active Shooter (04-21-21) Page 21 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: The Active Shooter’s Mentality Active Shooter - A suspect or assailant who intends to immediately inflict serious injury and kill unsuspecting individuals. (Image of person holding a gun) Active Shooter scenarios are incredibly dangerous and difficult because there is usually no criminal objective o Law enforcement has no other tactic than to find and neutralize the Shooter as quickly as possible Why would someone do this to innocent people? What could possibly be going through that person’s mind? Common characteristics: The Shooter has a desire to kill and seriously injure without concern for his safety or threat of capture These shootings are often unpredictable and strike in places such as our schools, places of worship, and places of work There may or may not be specific victims o Historically, many shooters will have intended victims and will search them out while taking others in the wake The Shooter takes targets of opportunity (additional victims) while searching for, or after finding, intended victims The Shooter will continue to move throughout a building or area while looking for victims until stopped by law enforcement, suicide, or individual intervention INVESTIGATIONS REVEAL THAT MOST WORKPLACES HAVE NOT PREPARED EMPLOYEES FOR SUCH A HOSTILE EVENT DON Active Shooter Training – Characteristics of an Active Shooter (04-21-21) Page 22 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training PAGE 4 Audio: Is there a “profile” that can be used to identify a potential Active Shooter? Unfortunately, no. Active Shooters are just like you. They come from all backgrounds and occupations. In some cases, it may be possible to point to specific warning signs, such as overly emphatic complaints about coworkers, recent job loss, money problems, or a failed relationship. However, normally this information is only discovered or reported to investigators after the incident has already occurred. There are no absolute signs before the tragedy happens. Active Shooters generally believe they have no other options. Suicide is certainly a possibility, as is a shoot-out with law enforcement, or by the use of the suspect weapon; however, there are numerous cases in which individuals eventually surrender to authorities. Of particular note is that Active Shooters usually select a populated area, for instance, where people shop, work, or go to school. The people and the place are seen as the root of their problems. Active Shooters have also targeted random victims in highly populated areas, such as restaurants, churches, athletic competitions, or social events, usually with the aim of maximizing their violence. DON Active Shooter Training – Characteristics of an Active Shooter (04-21-21) Page 23 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: The Active Shooter’s Profile Active Shooters come from all backgrounds and occupations. (Image of a crowd of people) It may be possible to point to specific warning signs, such as overly emphatic complaints about coworkers, recent job loss, money problems, or a failed relationship Active Shooters generally believe they have no other options Active Shooters usually select a populated area (shopping areas, work, or school) The people and the place are seen as the root of the Shooter’s problem Active Shooters have also targeted random victims in highly populated areas (restaurants, churches, athletic competitions, or social events), usually with the aim of maximizing their violence PAGE 5 Audio: Managers and coworkers may notice characteristics of potentially violent behavior in an employee. Alert your supervisor or human resources department if you believe an employee or coworker exhibits potentially violent behavior. Some examples include: Increased use of alcohol and/or illegal drugs; Unexplained increase in absenteeism; vague physical complaints; Noticeable decrease in attention to appearance and hygiene; Depression and/or withdrawal; Resistance and overreaction to changes in policy and procedures; Repeated violations of organizational policies; DON Active Shooter Training – Characteristics of an Active Shooter (04-21-21) Page 24 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training Increased severe mood swings; Noticeably unstable, emotional responses; Explosive outbursts of anger or rage without provocation; Suicidal indications; comments about “putting things in order”; Behavior that might indicate paranoia (“everybody is against me”); Increasing discussion of problems at home; Escalation of domestic problems into the workplace; Talk of severe financial problems; Talk of previous incidents of violence; Empathy with individuals who commit violence; and Increase in unsolicited comments about firearms, other dangerous weapons, and violent crimes. DON Active Shooter Training – Characteristics of an Active Shooter (04-21-21) Page 25 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: The Active Shooter’s Profile Characteristics of potentially violent behavior: Increased use of alcohol and/or illegal drugs Unexplained increase in absenteeism; vague physical complaints Noticeable decrease in attention to appearance and hygiene Depression and/or withdrawal Resistance and overreaction to changes in policy and procedures Repeated violations of organizational policies Increased severe mood swings Noticeably unstable, emotional responses Explosive outbursts of anger or rage without provocation Suicidal indications; comments about “putting things in order” Behavior that might indicate paranoia (“everybody is against me”) Increasing discussion of problems at home Escalation of domestic problems into the workplace Talk of severe financial problems Talk of previous incidents of violence Empathy with individuals who commit violence Increase in unsolicited comments about firearms, other dangerous weapons, and violent crimes PAGE 6 Audio: Now, let us take a moment to see how you would respond to an officer asking questions about an Active Shooter. DON Active Shooter Training – Characteristics of an Active Shooter (04-21-21) Page 26 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: Knowledge Check Knowledge Check 1 On screen: The threat is over. The Shooter has been killed by law enforcement authorities in the courtyard where just an hour ago, coworkers were having lunch and talking about the weekend. The officer asks, "Did you notice anything strange about his behavior lately? Did he say anything to indicate anger or frustration?" Select the best response. A. He had recently become withdrawn and stopped interacting with any of his coworkers. B. He just went through a tough divorce. She moved out of state with the kids and took most of what he had. He does not have any family. C. He was always arguing with someone. No one was ever right, but him. He became obsessed with some particular group and blamed them for causing problems. D. There was nothing out of the ordinary. We worked on teams together and he just did his job like anyone else. E. All of the above PAGE 7 Audio: In the next training module, we will discuss what to expect from the emergency response teams. Click on the “NEXT” button to proceed. DON Active Shooter Training – Characteristics of an Active Shooter (04-21-21) Page 27 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: Coming up next: Emergency Response (Image of "NEXT" button) DON Active Shooter Training – Characteristics of an Active Shooter (04-21-21) Page 28 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training Emergency Response (Running Time 3:13) PAGE 1 Audio: In this training module, we will discuss what you should expect from the emergency response teams. On screen: Emergency Response PAGE 2 Audio: There are two types of first responders involved in the initial response: Law Enforcement Officers and Emergency Medical Service Response teams. On screen: What Actions Will the Emergency Response Teams Take as the Incident Unfolds? Two types of first responders: Law Enforcement Officers o Contact team, first officers on-scene o Rescue team made up of second set of Law Enforcement Officers who arrive on-scene Emergency Medical Service Response teams (Image of civil servants: a police officer, an EMT, and a firefighter standing together) DON Active Shooter Training – Emergency Response (04-21-21) Page 29 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training PAGE 3 Audio: While it is important for first responders to provide medical treatment to the wounded or injured, the primary duty of law enforcement who are responding is to protect innocent life by stopping the actions of the Active Shooter(s). Regardless of rank, the first supervisory Law Enforcement Officer who is not part of the Contact or Rescue team to arrive on the scene, shall become the On-Scene Commander and will remain in that capacity until properly relieved. Law enforcement will be taking or directing the following actions: Locate, contain, and stop the Shooter as fast as possible: o The Contact team consists of the first responding officers or security personnel who pursue the Active Shooter. The suggested size of the team is between two and four officers but could be a single officer response. The focus and mind-set are to make contact as soon as possible and neutralize the threat. o The Rescue team is the second set of additional NSF personnel arriving on- scene, who form a team to locate the Shooter and assist in the rescue of injured persons. Establish an Incident Command Post outside the immediate threat area; Arrange a safe staging area for medical units and a triage area to treat the wounded; Start the immediate area evacuations once additional officers arrive on-scene; and Actions taken after the threat has been neutralized include: o Evacuate remaining personnel in buildings or areas from their shelter-in-place locations; o Establish debriefing locations and conduct debriefings, interviews, and interrogations with all witnesses; and o Mass casualty treatment evacuations to local area hospitals. DON Active Shooter Training – Emergency Response (04-21-21) Page 30 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: What Actions Will the Emergency Response Teams Take? Law Enforcement Officers: The primary duty of law enforcement who are responding is to protect innocent life by stopping the actions of the Active Shooter. Law Enforcement Officers neutralize the Active Shooter. Law enforcement will take the following actions: Locate, contain, and stop the Shooter as fast as possible o Contact team – The first responding officers/security personnel who pursue the Active Shooter o Rescue team – The second set of additional NSF personnel arriving on- scene to locate the Shooter and assist in the rescue of injured persons Establish an Incident Command Post outside the immediate threat area Arrange a safe staging area for medical units and a triage area to treat wounded Start the immediate area evacuations once additional officers arrive on-scene Actions taken after threat has been neutralized: o Evacuate remaining personnel in buildings or areas from their shelter-in- place locations o Establish debriefing locations and conduct debriefings/interviews/interrogations with all witnesses o Mass casualty treatment evacuations to local area hospitals (Image of a police officer arresting a suspect) DON Active Shooter Training – Emergency Response (04-21-21) Page 31 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training PAGE 4 Audio: Emergency medical personnel follow the Law Enforcement team once the scene is cleared and determined safe by law enforcement; however, this could take time and injured personnel will start to be transported outside the immediate area for medical treatment by rescue personnel and others who can help as they move out of the affected area. Law Enforcement Officers could direct you to assist in this process until the building is cleared and determined to be safe. The Medical Service Response teams treat injured personnel as quickly as possible and then remove them from the area if possible. If you are not injured and the threat is not in the immediate vicinity, you might be asked to assist with removing the injured from the premises. On screen: What Actions Will the Emergency Response Teams Take? Emergency Medical Service Response Teams: Follow the Law Enforcement team once the scene has been determined to be cleared and safe of all dangers Treat injured personnel as quickly as possible and then remove them from the area if possible o If you are not injured and the threat is not in the immediate vicinity, you might be asked to assist with removing the injured from the premises o Be prepared to provide first aid and assistance to injured if in the immediate vicinity to your location Emergency Medical Service Response teams treat the injured and help the victims to safety. (Image of EMTs transporting a victim) DON Active Shooter Training – Emergency Response (04-21-21) Page 32 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training PAGE 5 Audio: Now, let us take a moment to see how you would respond to one of your employees during an Active Shooter situation. On screen: Knowledge Check Knowledge Check 1 On screen: We have been trapped for just a few minutes, but it seems like hours. A few of us have injuries, but nothing serious. Some are crying. Just moments ago, the military police moved quickly through our area. One of the women tried to stop an officer, but he just kept on moving. She asks, “Why are they not stopping to help us?” You are a supervisor and it is your job to keep your people calm. Your response to her is: A. We are all okay. No one is seriously hurt. We can wait it out – just a few more minutes. B. There are two teams of police and a set of emergency medical responders. The police are after the Shooter; the Emergency Medical Service teams will come in behind the police once the scene is determined to be clear and safe. They will be coming soon to help us. C. The police have to get the Shooter before we can get out of here. Just be patient. It is almost over. PAGE 6 Audio: In the next training module, we will discuss first aid and survival. Click on the “NEXT” button to proceed. DON Active Shooter Training – Emergency Response (04-21-21) Page 33 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: Coming up next: First Aid and Survival (Image of "NEXT" button) DON Active Shooter Training – Emergency Response (04-21-21) Page 34 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training First Aid and Survival (Running Time 11:04) PAGE 1 Audio: In this training module, we will discuss what you should do to survive and provide aid during an Active Shooter situation. On screen: First Aid and Survival PAGE 2 Audio: The arrival of first responders to an Active Shooter situation will more than likely occur sometime after the incident begins. Therefore, individuals must be mentally and physically prepared to deal with the situation to increase chances of survival. Familiarity with one’s surroundings and continual vigilance will enhance situational awareness (SA) and increase individual alertness prior to an Active Shooter event. Preparedness includes: Be aware of the environment (for example, potential dangers, locations of safe havens); Be cognizant of objects that can provide cover and obstacles that may block exits; and Always identify the two nearest exits in any facility, or confined area, in case of evacuation. DON Active Shooter Training – First Aid and Survival (04-21-21) Page 35 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: What Actions Should I Take in Order to Survive or to Provide Aid? Individual Responses Individuals must be mentally and physically prepared to deal with the situation to increase chances of survival Preparedness includes: o Be aware of the environment (e.g., potential dangers, locations of safe havens) o Be cognizant of objects that can provide cover and obstacles that may block exits o Always identify the two nearest exits in any facility, or confined area, in case of evacuation (Image of civilians in an emergency stairwell) PAGE 3 Audio: For the “RUN” aspect, if you work in an office building, you need to be familiar with all exits, windows, fire escapes, etc. But if you work in an industrial area, or an area not in a building or office setting (for example, outdoors, shipyard, flightline, maintenance), you also need to know where you would escape to if the threat were in your area. Should you decide the best chance of survival during an incident is to evacuate the threatened area, the following must be taken into consideration: Remain calm and have an escape route and plan in mind; Evacuate regardless of whether or not others agree to follow and leave belongings behind; DON Active Shooter Training – First Aid and Survival (04-21-21) Page 36 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training If possible, help others escape and attempt to prevent others from entering or returning to the threatened area because of confusion or looking for loved ones; Keep something between individuals and the Shooter for cover and concealment; Keep your own hands visible and follow the instructions of any first responders on- scene; and Provide any information on the situation to the first responders. On screen: What Actions Should I Take in Order to Survive or to Provide Aid? RUN If you work in an office building, be familiar with all exits, windows, fire escapes, etc. If you work in an industrial area, or an area not in a building/office setting, you need to know where you would escape to if the threat were in your area Consider the following: o Remain calm and have an escape route and plan in mind o Evacuate regardless of whether or not others agree to follow and leave belongings behind o If possible, help others escape and attempt to prevent others from entering or returning to the threatened area because of confusion or looking for loved ones o Keep something between individuals and the Shooter for cover and concealment o Keep your own hands visible and follow the instructions of any first responders on-scene o Provide any information on the situation to the first responders PAGE 4 Audio: In the event you cannot escape, you must use all resources within your reach to conceal your position from the threat. In an office environment, this may include a locked office, or office doors barricaded with furniture in the space. However, if you are located DON Active Shooter Training – First Aid and Survival (04-21-21) Page 37 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training outdoors, you may hide behind a dumpster, around the corner of a building, etc., and may need to move to another location to protect yourself. Make it a habit to continually evaluate your work location, what has changed, and how you will hide TODAY if an Active Threat situation were to happen. Should evacuation not be possible nor the best option, the greatest chance of survival may be in the current location or a nearby, adjacent location that affords the best cover until an escape is possible. Considerations include the following: Remain calm and if in an enclosure (for example, office or restroom), secure doors, windows and window blinds, and turn off lights; If in a hallway, or other open area, move immediately to a space that can be enclosed and secure it; Select a hiding position that is out of view of the Active Shooter, and will provide a degree of ballistic protection, and permits freedom of movement; Silence any electronic devices (for example, cell phones) that may compromise the location; Remain quiet; If safe, allow others to take refuge in the location; When first possible, notify first responders of the location, physical condition, and number and types of casualties, as well as the location of Active Shooter(s), if known. If unable to communicate due to risk of compromise, leave the line open and provide first aid to personnel in your area. DON Active Shooter Training – First Aid and Survival (04-21-21) Page 38 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: What Actions Should I Take in Order to Survive or to Provide Aid? HIDE In the event you cannot escape, you must use all resources within your reach to conceal your position from the threat o In an office environment, this may include a locked office, or office doors barricaded with furniture in the space o If outdoors, you may hide behind a dumpster, around the corner of a building, etc., and may need to move to another location to protect yourself Consider the following: o Remain calm and if in an enclosure (e.g., office, restroom), secure doors, windows and window blinds, and turn off lights o If in a hallway, or other open area, move immediately to a space that can be enclosed and secure it o Select a hiding position that is out of view of the Active Shooter, and will provide a degree of ballistic protection, and permits freedom of movement o Silence any electronic devices (e.g., cell phones) that may compromise the location o Remain quiet o If safe, allow others to take refuge in the location o When first possible, notify first responders of the location, physical condition, and number and types of casualties, as well as the location of Active Shooter(s), if known o If unable to communicate due to risk of compromise, leave the line open and provide first aid to personnel in your area DON Active Shooter Training – First Aid and Survival (04-21-21) Page 39 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training PAGE 5 Audio: As a LAST RESORT, if you cannot escape or find suitable cover (hide), you may be forced to take action against the threat. In this case, whether you are working in an office or industrial environment, or are located outdoors, your ability to FIGHT the threat is the same. Use whatever item you can get your hands on to defeat the threat. This could be using office equipment to incapacitate the Shooter, or tools or equipment you use in your daily job. When evacuation or finding a secure position are not options, or life is in imminent danger from the Active Shooter, the best course of action may be to disrupt and/or incapacitate the Active Shooter. The following considerations shall be taken into account: When the Active Shooter is at close range and flight is impossible, the chance of survival is much greater if an individual tries to incapacitate the Shooter; Act as aggressively as possible; Once committed to the actions, follow through; Make use of available weapons and/or improvised weapons; team up with others if possible; Distract the Active Shooter (for example, throw items, yell); Inform first responders when safe to do so; and Report critical information to the first responders. DON Active Shooter Training – First Aid and Survival (04-21-21) Page 40 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: What Actions Should I Take in Order to Survive or to Provide Aid? FIGHT Whether you are working in an office or industrial environment, or are located outdoors, your ability to FIGHT the threat is the same o Use whatever item you can get your hands on to defeat the threat - this could be using office equipment to incapacitate the Shooter, or tools or equipment you use in your daily job Consider the following: o When the Active Shooter is at close range and flight is impossible, the chance of survival is much greater if an individual tries to incapacitate the Shooter o Act as aggressively as possible o Once committed to the actions, follow through o Make use of available weapons and/or improvised weapons; team up with others if possible o Distract the Active Shooter (e.g., throw items, yell) o Inform first responders when safe to do so o Report critical information to the first responders PAGE 6 Audio: If you find yourself in this situation, rendering aid may be difficult but make the best attempt you can. Try to get to a safe location. Identify the injuries. Do you have more than one person injured? Can other people help with aid? In this order, you should: Apply mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; Apply direct pressure to wounds to stop bleeding, elevate the wound, and place a tourniquet on limbs, if necessary; DON Active Shooter Training – First Aid and Survival (04-21-21) Page 41 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training o Utilize belts and shirts, rags, or any type of available fabric to assist in stopping a victim’s bleeding; Treat the victim for shock; keep the victim lying down and warm, and elevate the legs; o Keep the victim quiet if possible. On screen: Render Aid Try to get to a safe location and identify the injuries Do you have more than one person injured? Can other people help with aid? In this order: 1. Restore the breathing 2. Stop the bleeding 3. Treat for shock PAGE 7 Audio: Not all Active Shooter incidents end quickly. Some extend into hours or days. If possible, try to assemble with others in a secure area. Try to establish communications with authorities quickly, via sign, cell phone, social media, or text. Keep in mind that the Shooter may see posted signs. Include detailed information about people’s injuries and the location of the Shooter. If the incident extends into hours, then the group must organize to protect itself. Barricade the doors and block any windows in the doors. Establish short watches with two or more people on the watch team to warn others. Inventory all assets, food, water, and medical supplies. Think about establishing a toilet area. If you are cornered and confronted by the Shooter, your best chance to survive is to fight back with speed and aggressive violence. That considered, the group should assemble improvised weapons and develop a plan to fight back if necessary. The group should discuss alternatives and plan to overpower the Shooter only as a last resort. Talk about the authorities’ arrival and the actions to take. Above all, remain calm. DON Active Shooter Training – First Aid and Survival (04-21-21) Page 42 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training You must also consider that you may be in a situation where there are no others to organize with and your survival depends solely on your preparedness and actions. If you happen to be in an open area, while working or transiting from one location to another, and are made aware of an Active Shooter situation, your options may be limited on where you can hide or from which direction the threat is coming: Stay away from the incident area; there may be unknown dangers at or near the scene; Listen to local radio, television stations, and/or the installation's warning and notification system for the latest information; and If announced, execute lockdown procedures at your location. Areas which may be available for you include a tool shed, storage container, or CONEX Box, vehicle, etc. Do not allow individuals to enter or exit the area during lockdown until the all clear is announced. Remember, you might know your work area better than the Shooter and that will provide somewhat of an advantage during a fight. DON Active Shooter Training – First Aid and Survival (04-21-21) Page 43 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: Extended Incident Assemble in a secure area and barricade yourself in Establish communications o Include detailed information about people’s injuries and the location of the Shooter o Remember, phone lines could be overwhelmed and texting someone outside the immediate area might be a better alternative Organize for your safety and survival o Barricade the doors and block any windows in the doors o Establish short watches with two or more people on the watch team to warn others o Inventory all assets, food, water, and medical supplies Discuss alternatives and plan to defend yourselves as a last resort Remain calm If you are in an open area, while working or transiting from one location to another, and are made aware of an Active Shooter situation: o Stay away from the incident area; there may be unknown dangers at or near the scene o Listen to local radio, television stations, and/or the installation's warning and notification system for the latest information o If announced, execute lockdown procedures at your location Do not allow individuals to enter or exit the area during lockdown until the all clear is announced PAGE 8 Audio: You have three choices in an emergency such as this: Evacuate; DON Active Shooter Training – First Aid and Survival (04-21-21) Page 44 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training Hide and barricade yourself inside a room or other space with a door; or Take actions to prepare to defend yourself. On screen: What Action Should I Take? Three choices: 1. Evacuate 2. Hide and barricade yourself inside a room or other space with a door 3. Take actions to prepare to defend yourself RUN, HIDE, FIGHT PAGE 9 Audio: If there is an accessible escape path, attempt to evacuate the threat area. Be sure to: Have an escape route and a plan in mind; Evacuate regardless of whether others agree to follow you; Leave your belongings behind; Help others escape, if possible; and Prevent individuals from entering an area where the Active Shooter may be. Once outside or away from the danger, the group should reassemble behind cover and wait for authorities for guidance. Call 911 when you are safe; Do not attempt to move wounded people; and Follow the instructions of police officers. DON Active Shooter Training – First Aid and Survival (04-21-21) Page 45 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: Evacuate If there is an accessible escape path, attempt to evacuate the threat area. Have an escape route and a plan in mind Evacuate regardless of whether others agree to follow you Leave your belongings behind Help others escape, if possible Prevent individuals from entering an area where the Active Shooter may be Once outside or away from the danger, the group should reassemble behind cover and wait for authorities for guidance. Call 911 when you are safe Do not attempt to move wounded people Follow the instructions of police officers PAGE 10 Audio: If evacuation is not possible, find a place to hide where the Active Shooter is less likely to find you. Your hiding place should be out of the Active Shooter’s view and should not trap you or restrict your options to get away. On screen: Where to Hide? Your hiding place should: Be out of the Active Shooter’s view Not trap you or restrict your options to get away PAGE 11 Audio: To prevent the Active Shooter from entering your hiding place: DON Active Shooter Training – First Aid and Survival (04-21-21) Page 46 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training Lock the door and barricade it with heavy items (for example, a desk or file cabinet); Silence your cell phone and eliminate any source of noise; Hide out of sight and behind protective items; and Remain calm. On screen: Preventing Entry Lock the door and barricade it with heavy items (desk or file cabinet) Silence your cell phone and eliminate any source of noise Hide out of sight and behind protective items Remain calm PAGE 12 Audio: If the Shooter enters and then leaves your indoor space, lock or barricade the door to prevent his re-entry. The Active Shooter may bang on the door and yell for help to trick you into opening it. Do not be fooled. If you cannot determine with certainty the identity of the individual on the other side of the door, ask that person to slide identification under the door. On screen: Prevent Re-entry Lock or barricade the door If you cannot determine with certainty the identity of the individual on the other side of the door, ask that person to slide identification under the door PAGE 13 Audio: If you find there is no alternative to evacuate or hide and your life is in imminent danger, take action against the Active Shooter. Remember, this is only as a last resort. Attempt to disrupt or incapacitate the Active Shooter by: DON Active Shooter Training – First Aid and Survival (04-21-21) Page 47 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training Taking aggressive physical action against the Shooter; and Throwing items or attacking with improvised weapons. On screen: Take Action Attempt to disrupt or incapacitate the Active Shooter by: Taking aggressive physical action against the Shooter Throwing items or attacking with improvised weapons COMMIT TO YOUR DECISION Once you cross the threshold to act, you must keep it up until help arrives. PAGE 14 Audio: Now, let us take a moment to review what actions you should take when hiding from an Active Shooter. On screen: Knowledge Check DON Active Shooter Training – First Aid and Survival (04-21-21) Page 48 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training Knowledge Check 1 On screen: Everything seems to be at a standstill. Our group is huddled in our supervisor’s office. We can hear the Shooters moving through our area; they are opening doors and firing. One of our team has taken charge of our group. He has told us to take the following actions, but which action or actions are correct? A. Silence or turn off your cell phones B. Move the file cabinet against the door C. Block the door with the desk D. Everyone grab something that could be your weapon – a lamp, a desk phone, or a chair E. All of the above PAGE 15 Audio: In the next training module, we will discuss how you should respond to law enforcement. Click on the “NEXT” button to proceed. On screen: Coming up next: Law Enforcement (Image of "NEXT" button) DON Active Shooter Training – First Aid and Survival (04-21-21) Page 49 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training Law Enforcement (Running Time 5:17) PAGE 1 Audio: In this module, we will discuss how you should respond to Law Enforcement Officers during an Active Shooter situation. On screen: Law Enforcement PAGE 2 Audio: During an Active Shooter Hostile Event (ASHE) response by law enforcement, you can expect the responding officers to utilize action and violence through speed and overwhelming firepower. While it is important for law enforcement to assist in the rescue of wounded or injured personnel, their primary duty as first responders is to protect innocent life by stopping the actions of the Active Shooter(s) as soon as possible. Officers will proceed directly to the area in which the last shots were heard. If you are in this situation and in the area, this is what can you expect during the response. On screen: How Do I Respond When Help Arrives? Law enforcement’s purpose is to stop the Active Shooter(s) as soon as possible Officers will proceed directly to the area in which the last shots were heard o It is important to understand, even if you are injured, officers will continue to move towards the threat and could possibly direct you to evacuate (Image of armed police officers) DON Active Shooter Training – Law Enforcement (04-21-21) Page 50 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training PAGE 3 Audio: When the officers begin arriving on the scene, you can help by: Remaining calm and quiet and following the officers' instructions; Staying on the ground in a prone position until directed to move; Keeping your hands visible at all times; and Avoiding quick movements, moving toward, or grabbing the officers. When law enforcement enters a room or the threat area, the team will try to locate and neutralize the Shooter. Quick actions on your part may be interpreted as a hostile act and could result in the use of force by the officers. It is critical to remain still with your hands visible. Do not expect the officers to take the time to lead you out of the building or threat area. Do not stop them and ask for directions. If you are able to get out safely, without help, notice which way the officers are entering the scene and exit following that route. On screen: Your Reaction You can help by: Remaining calm and quiet and following the officers' instructions Staying on the ground in a prone position until directed to move Keeping your hands visible at all times Avoiding quick movements, moving toward or grabbing the officers o Quick actions on your part may be interpreted as a hostile act Do not expect the officers to take the time to lead you out of the building or threat area. The Shooter’s mindset is not to escape, but to kill and injure as many as possible. PAGE 4 Audio: It is possible that you will not be in the affected building or threat area, but outside the area when the active shooting starts. This situation has occurred in other active shooting events on an installation, and the best course of action would be to move away from the DON Active Shooter Training – Law Enforcement (04-21-21) Page 51 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training affected area and take shelter in another building or location outside the immediate area. You can expect the installation will use the Giant Voice and other communications methods to announce the threat or incident, to include the location. The chain of command will direct all personnel to shelter-in-place in these situations, move quickly towards nearby locations outside the immediate threat area, and ask for assistance. Some great examples of other locations to take shelter are: Gyms and other large areas with plenty of escape routes; Medical facilities; this could allow you and others to provide assistance if required; Bachelor housing locations; and Other facilities with personnel who can assist you if required. Also, remember that installation commanders have established guidance for both on- and off-installation security measures to include emergency notification and recall procedures. Guidance includes on- or off-installation housing, temporary billeting, and other facility use in daily mission accomplishment. This guidance includes compliance with leased facilities, newly constructed, and expeditionary buildings. Physical security measures of these facilities will allow personnel to safely shelter-in-place, provide relocation for others, and will have evacuation procedures with location of exits posted. DON Active Shooter Training – Law Enforcement (04-21-21) Page 52 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: Your Reaction If you are not in the affected building or threat area when the active shooting starts: Move away from the affected area and take shelter in another building or location You will be directed to shelter-in-place, move quickly towards nearby locations outside the immediate threat area, and ask for assistance Examples of locations to take shelter: Gyms and other large areas with plenty of escape routes Medical facilities; this could allow you and others to provide assistance if required Bachelor housing locations Other facilities with personnel who can assist you if required Installation commanders have established guidance for both on- and off-installation security measures. Physical security measures allow personnel to safely shelter-in-place PAGE 5 Audio: When you call 911 or have an opportunity to speak with an officer, you will be asked for as much specific information as you can give. Be observant. You will be expected to provide the following types of information: Identification - Do you recognize the Shooter and can you give authorities the Shooter’s name or additional information about the incident? Location of the Active Shooter or Shooters; Number of Shooters, in the event there’s more than one; o Most Active Shooter situations result in false reports of multiple shooters; this happens due to mass confusion during the initial response; Physical descriptions - Include: race, gender, height, weight, facial hair, glasses, clothing color and style, patches, markings, or colors that stand out; DON Active Shooter Training – Law Enforcement (04-21-21) Page 53 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training Number and types of weapons used in the incident. Is the weapon a rifle, a shotgun, a handgun? Are there multiple weapons? o Is the Shooter wearing any type of ballistic protection? Number of potential victims - Try to determine how many people are involved and the types of injuries incurred. Once you have reached a safe location or an assembly point, you will likely be held in that area until the situation is under control and all witnesses have been identified and questioned. Do not leave until law enforcement authorities have given you permission. On screen: Your Observation Types of information: Identification – Do you recognize the Shooter and can you give authorities a name? Location of the Active Shooter or Shooters Number of Shooters, in the event there’s more than one Physical descriptions – Include: race, gender, height, weight, facial hair, glasses, clothing color and style Number and types of weapons used in the incident o Is the weapon a rifle, a shotgun, a handgun? Are there multiple weapons? Number of potential victims – Try to determine how many people are involved and the types of injuries incurred Do not leave the area until law enforcement authorities have given you permission. PAGE 6 Audio: Now, let us take a moment to see what you’ve learned about the types of information you will be expected to provide law enforcement. DON Active Shooter Training – Law Enforcement (04-21-21) Page 54 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: Knowledge Check Knowledge Check 1 On screen: The emergency is over. You are wrapped in a blanket and sipping coffee. You are trying to forget this horrible day. However, you know that the officers will start debriefing the victims soon. A responder has given everyone a page with questions and a pen. Which of the following items would you expect to be asked? Select the best answer. A. How many Shooters were involved? B. Do you know the Shooter’s name or where the Shooter works in the building? C. What type of weapon was the Shooter using? D. Can you describe the Shooter’s: height, weight, race, distinguishing characteristics? E. All of the above PAGE 7 Audio: In the next training module, we will discuss communication and how to prepare for an Active Shooter situation. Click on the “NEXT” button to proceed. On screen: Coming up next: Communication (Image of "NEXT" button) DON Active Shooter Training – Law Enforcement (04-21-21) Page 55 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training Communication (Running Time 7:10) PAGE 1 Audio: In this training module, we will discuss communication and how the Command can prepare for an Active Shooter situation. On screen: Communication PAGE 2 Audio: To prepare the staff and employees for an Active Shooter situation, every Command will have an Emergency Action Plan (EAP) and will conduct training exercises to prepare its people. Together, the EAP and the training exercises should prepare you to respond effectively and help minimize loss of life. On screen: How Can the Command Plan for Something Like This? Have an Emergency Action Plan (EAP) Conduct training exercises to prepare its people Established escape routes that are exercised for all incidents Physical security measures that will allow personnel to safely shelter-in-place o Operational door and window locks with light switches in the space being locked and utilized as a shelter-in-place location (Image of law enforcement conducting a training exercise) DON Active Shooter Training – Communication (04-21-21) Page 56 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training PAGE 3 Audio: Your Command should have an EAP in place. The components listed here are the minimum that should be included in the EAP, and they should be covered during the training exercises. We will discuss each component on the next few screens. On screen: Emergency Action Plan (EAP) A preferred method for reporting fires and other emergencies Evacuation policy and procedures that are exercised o Ensure that these routes are posted and newly hired personnel are required to be familiar with these routes Escape and route assignments to provide aid for personnel with special needs Local hospitals and on-base medical facilities or clinics Emergency notification system Contact information (Image of an Emergency Action Plan example) PAGE 4 Audio: The EAP should include a preferred method for reporting fires and other emergencies. Do you know where the alarms are located? Do you know the number to call within the Command for help? Is 911 your first and only response? DON Active Shooter Training – Communication (04-21-21) Page 57 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: Emergency Action Plan (EAP) Preferred method for reporting fires and other emergencies: Do you know where the alarms are located? Do you know the number to call within the Command for help? Is 911 your first and only response? (Image of alarm system key pad) PAGE 5 Audio: The EAP should include evacuation policy and procedures. If you are a supervisor, how are you to account for your people prior to, and after an incident? How do you track when people are on travel, on leave, or in meetings in surrounding buildings? DON Active Shooter Training – Communication (04-21-21) Page 58 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: Emergency Action Plan (EAP) Evacuation policy and procedures: If you are a supervisor, how are you to account for your people prior to, and after an incident? How do you track when people are on travel, on leave, or in meetings in surrounding buildings? (Image of a civilian preparing an evacuation policy) PAGE 6 Audio: The EAP should document escape and route assignments. You’re probably familiar with fire drills. What about a bomb threat? Where are you expected to reassemble outside your building or other work area? Do you have alternate routes to get outside the affected area? If you have employees with special needs, how are they expected to evacuate? DON Active Shooter Training – Communication (04-21-21) Page 59 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: Emergency Action Plan (EAP) Escape and route assignments: Where are you expected to reassemble outside your building or other work area? Do you have alternate routes to get outside the affected area? If you have employees with special needs, how are they expected to evacuate? (Image of civilian employees gathered for an emergency drill) PAGE 7 Audio: The EAP should include information on local hospitals. Supervisors and employees should have a listing of local area hospitals, their phone numbers, and their distances from the workplace. Obtain this information before an emergency happens. DON Active Shooter Training – Communication (04-21-21) Page 60 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: Emergency Action Plan (EAP) Local hospitals: Supervisors and employees should have a listing of local area hospitals, their phone numbers, and their distances from the workplace Obtain this information before an emergency happens (Image of an injured civilian being rushed to an emergency room) PAGE 8 Audio: The EAP should describe the emergency notification system. Notification could come at any point during a 24-hour day. In addition to Giant Voice or the phone, the Department of the Navy uses a number of technology tools; for example, Wide Area Alert Network (WAAN), Twitter, and text messaging. DON Active Shooter Training – Communication (04-21-21) Page 61 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: Emergency Action Plan (EAP) Emergency notification system: Notification could come at any point during a 24-hour day In addition to Giant Voice or the phone, DON uses a number of technology tools (WAAN, Twitter, and text messaging) (Image of cell phone displaying a notification warning, “Do not report to Base. Phone roster activated. Watch local news channel 7.”) PAGE 9 Audio: The EAP should include current contact information. Each employee should provide and keep up-to-date personal contact information. Who should be called in the event of an emergency, and are there alternate individuals in case the primary is unable to be reached or is in the emergency as well? How often do you check to see that the information is current? This depends on the size and nature of the workforce. For a small office with little to no turnover, annual verification may be sufficient. However, if in a large department with higher turnover rate, it might be more prudent to update the EAP quarterly to ensure accuracy. DON Active Shooter Training – Communication (04-21-21) Page 62 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: Emergency Action Plan (EAP) Contact information: Each employee should provide and keep up-to-date personal contact information Who should be called in the event of an emergency, and are there alternate individuals in case the primary is unable to be reached or is in the emergency as well? How often do you check to see that the information is current? (Image of contact information form) PAGE 10 Audio: DON uses a Wide Area Alert Network (or WAAN) to notify employees who are working on their computers of emergencies. It is important that you are registered in the system and that your information is accurate and current. For instructions on how to register for the Wide Area Alert Network, click on the link provided here. DON Active Shooter Training – Communication (04-21-21) Page 63 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: Wide Area Alert Network (WAAN) (Images of WAAN inbox, registration screen, and registration instructions document) Wide Area Alert Network (WAAN) Registration Instructions (Link to Wide Area Alert Network (WAAN) Registration Instructions) (Image of “RESUME” button) PAGE 11 Audio: The most effective way to train the staff and employees is to conduct mock Active Shooter exercises. The Installation’s Navy Security Office and local law enforcement are the resources to contact to conduct the exercise. The training exercises should include: Recognizing the sound of gun shots; Practicing responses (run, hide, fight); and DON Active Shooter Training – Communication (04-21-21) Page 64 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training Calling 911. During a training exercise, practice these actions. Adopt a survival mindset. While it is hoped that you will never have to experience an Active Shooter or terrorist threat, training for survivability is key to mission accomplishment for our operations. If you practice your responses, you increase your chances of remaining calm, taking appropriate actions during an incident, and surviving. On screen: Training Exercise Training exercises should include: Recognizing the sound of gun shots Practicing responses (RUN, HIDE, FIGHT) Calling 911 If you practice your responses, you increase your chances of remaining calm, taking appropriate actions during an incident, and surviving. (Image of a civilian participating in an Active Shooter exercise) PAGE 12 Audio: The Command has a responsibility, as does the employee, to prepare for situations such as an Active Shooter. Within your workplace, there should be posted signs of predetermined evacuation routes. These signs should be located throughout buildings and work spaces. You should have at least two means of evacuating the area. DON Active Shooter Training – Communication (04-21-21) Page 65 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: Preparedness There should be posted signs of predetermined evacuation routes You should have at least two means of evacuating the area (Image of an Emergency Evacuation Plan example) PAGE 13 Audio: Enough cannot be said about fostering a respectful workplace and reporting outbursts by employees. As you learned earlier in the training, Active Shooters are often driven to the extreme by situations or people in their lives. You can help your coworkers by recognizing when someone is under stress or duress and expressing your observations through your chain of command. Your chain of command is responsible to provide all employees with assistance, and for us all to have a safe working environment. Your actions could prevent someone from going over the edge. Finally, recognize within yourself signs of stress or feelings of despair, and seek help if required. Your Command has people who can help you and maintain your privacy. Seeking help in time of need is a sign of strength and caring. The Department of the Navy Civilian Employee Assistance Program provides a wide range of services to employees and their families. Employees can access services 24/7 through the DON Civilian Employee Assistance Program website or by phone. A professionally staffed call center can provide answers to questions, research information, link employees to a wide variety of qualified local services, and provide licensed confidential support to help with difficult issues. (The DON Civilian Employee Assistance Program fact sheet provides an overview of the program.) For military personnel, the Department of the Navy’s Fleet and Family Support Center provides a wide range of social services to service members and their families. Service members and their families can access services through the Fleet and Family Support Center’s website, which provides a directory to obtain access to the nearest Fleet and DON Active Shooter Training – Communication (04-21-21) Page 66 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training Family Support Center. A professionally staffed center will provide answers to questions, research information, link service members and their families to a wide variety of qualified services, and provide licensed confidential support to help with difficult issues. On screen: Prevention Foster a respectful workplace Build an awareness of workplace violence Recognize the need for help Department of the Navy Civilian Employee Assistance Program (DONCEAP) o DONCEAP website (https://www.secnav.navy.mil/donhr/Employees/Pages/Default.aspx?#do nceap) o Call center: 1-844-DONCEAP o DONCEAP fact sheet (https://www.secnav.navy.mil/donhr/Employees/Documents/DONCEAP% 20Fact%20Sheet.pdf) Department of the Navy Fleet and Family Support Center o Fleet and Family Support Center website (https://www.cnic.navy.mil/ffr/family_readiness/fleet_and_family_support_ program/FFSC.html) PAGE 14 Audio: Now, let us take a moment to see what you have learned about preparing for an Active Shooter situation. On screen: Knowledge Check DON Active Shooter Training – Communication (04-21-21) Page 67 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training Knowledge Check 1 On screen: The Command has an Emergency Action Plan and training in place for an Active Shooter situation. John sees no value in the hullabaloo associated with training exercises. When the time comes, he knows he will be able to handle the situation and does not need to practice. What might be his supervisor's argument as to why John does need to practice? Select the best response. A. No situation will be the same. You need to know where all the exits are so you know your escape options and alternate routes out of the building. B. You need to know what rooms you can use to hide and barricade yourself in the space. C. Once an incident begins, you will have to think and act quickly. Practicing helps, and will allow you to make quick decisions that may save your life. D. During an incident, everything will be chaotic. Practicing ahead of time helps, and will allow you to better handle chaotic situations. E. All of the above PAGE 15 Audio: In the next training module, we will discuss what happens after an Active Shooter situation. Click on the “NEXT” button to proceed. On screen: Coming up next: Afterwards (Image of "NEXT" button) DON Active Shooter Training – Communication (04-21-21) Page 68 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training Afterwards (Running Time 6:41) PAGE 1 Audio: In this training module, we will discuss what happens after an Active Shooter situation. On screen: Afterwards PAGE 2 Audio: Once the Active Shooter situation is neutralized, Law Enforcement Officers will turn their focus to the victims and then complete the evacuation of the immediate area. What should you expect and what should you be expected to do? On screen: What Happens After the Active Shooter is Neutralized? Law Enforcement Officers will turn their focus to the victims and evacuation of the immediate area. (Image of a suspect kneeling on the ground surrendering to the police) PAGE 3 Audio: Once the Active Shooter is no longer a threat, the response teams will turn their attention to the victims and injured that have not been rescued during the response. They will establish safety corridors and will declare the area a crime scene, so that you can get out and other people who need to help with the situation can get in. They may establish a secure area within the building or specified area to gather victims and give instructions. Stay quiet and listen carefully to the response leaders. You can expect to be searched, and DON Active Shooter Training – Afterwards (04-21-21) Page 69 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training you may be asked to keep your hands over your head and follow all officers’ direction. You are not a suspect; these procedures are for your own safety and the safety of others. On screen: Actions Response teams will: o Turn their attention to the victims o Establish safety corridors so that you can get out and other people who need to help with the situation can get in o Establish a secure area within the building or specified area to gather victims and give instructions Stay quiet and listen carefully to the response leaders Expect to be searched You may be asked to keep your hands over your head (Image of an armed SWAT team moving down a staircase) PAGE 4 Audio: Once you are outside the threat area and in a secure location, you can expect to be examined by medical personnel and questioned by law enforcement authorities. Be cooperative and try to recall as many details as you can. Understand the officers need as many details as you can provide while the information is still fresh in your memory. The longer it takes to gather this information, the more likely you are to forget details. This may take some time. The installation will also ensure that counseling services are available to provide assistance to you and your coworkers if needed. DON Active Shooter Training – Afterwards (04-21-21) Page 70 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: Evacuating the Scene Expect to be examined by medical personnel Expect to be questioned by law enforcement authorities Be cooperative and try to recall as many details as you can (Image of an EMT caring for a civilian) PAGE 5 Audio: The site of an Active Shooter incident is a crime scene and will be treated as such by law enforcement. You will not be permitted to retrieve items from the area; this could include car keys, phones, and identification. You will receive instructions as to how you can recover personal items at a later date. Some items may be kept as evidence and you may not get these items back immediately. DON Active Shooter Training – Afterwards (04-21-21) Page 71 of 87 DON Active Shooter Training On screen: Crime Scene Procedures You will not be permitted to retrieve items from the area You will receive instructions as to how you can recover personal items at a later date Some items may be kept as evidence and you may not get these items back immediately (Image of an office door blocked by police tape) PAGE 6 Audio: This concludes our discussion on what to do after an Active Shooter situation. Remember, “Run, Hide, Fight" is a way to remember what to do in an Active Shooter situation. Law enforcement agencies recommend escaping if you can, hiding if you cannot, and fighting only if you have to. The arrival of first responders to an Active Shooter situation will more than likely occur sometime after the incident begins. Therefore, individuals must be mentally and physically prepared to deal with the situation to increase chances of survival. Familiarity with one’s surroundings and continual vigilance will enhance situational awareness (SA) and increase individual alertness prior to an Active Shooter event. Best practices include: Be aware of the environment (for example, potential dangers, locations of safe

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