Artificial Intelligence.docx

Artificial Intelligence What is artificial intelligence? Machines that are capable of performing tasks that typically require human intelligence First coined in 1950. Types of AI Artificial Intelligence (1950): Engineering of making intelligent machines and programs Rule based expert systems Fuzzy l...

Artificial Intelligence What is artificial intelligence? Machines that are capable of performing tasks that typically require human intelligence First coined in 1950. Types of AI Artificial Intelligence (1950): Engineering of making intelligent machines and programs Rule based expert systems Fuzzy logic Specific rules dictated by programmers Machine learning (1990s): Ability to learn without being explicitly programmed Supervised learning with labelled data (e.g. regression and classification) Unsupervised learning without labelled data (e.g clustering) Reinforcement learning with the use of “agent” that learns to maximize “reward” in an environment. Deep learning (2010s): Deep learning breakthroughs, learning based on deep neural network Deep neural network that mimics human brains Artificial neural network (ANN) used to classify numbers-based data Convolution Neural Network (CNN) used to classify images Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) used for time series data (e.g. audio) Deep reinforcement learning Transfer learning AI applications Robotics Autonomous automotive and navigation Social media Consumer electronics (e.g. smart floor vacuum cleaners, security cameras, google assistant, Siri) Business and E-commerce (e.g. inventory management, chatbots, forecasting) Banking and Finance (e.g. Algorithm trading, risk assessments, wealth management, fraud detection) Healthcare (e.g. Analyzing medical images, detection, drug development) Farming and Precision agriculture (e.g. Nutrient and water management, detection of weeds, diseases and pests, crop health, quality) Education (e.g. teaching and learning strategies, grading, e-proctoring) Concerns of AI Job loss/replpacement Misuse of AI (e.g. Deepfake) Bias Ethics in decision making (e.g weapons)