Computer Programming I - Arrays PDF

Computer programming I Arrays  Computer programming I Learning objectives At the end of this lesson, you should be able to: Discuss the concept of arrays and their role in storing collections of data. Explain how indexing and accessing elements work in arrays. Demonstra...

Computer programming I Arrays  Computer programming I Learning objectives At the end of this lesson, you should be able to: Discuss the concept of arrays and their role in storing collections of data. Explain how indexing and accessing elements work in arrays. Demonstrate knowledge of common array operations and their practical applications. Computer programming I Introduction Arrays are a fundamental data structure in Java used to store multiple values of the same data type under a single variable name. Arrays oer a convenient way to manage and manipulate collections of data. Computer programming I Declaring and Initializing Arrays Arrays are declared using the syntax: dataType[ ] arrayName; Arrays can be initialized during declaration or later. Example:  Computer programming I Indexing and Accessing Elements Indexing is a fundamental concept in arrays that allows us to access specific elements within an array. Each element in an array is assigned a unique index, starting from 0 for the first element. Computer programming I Zero-Based Indexing Java uses zero-based indexing, meaning the first element is at index 0, the second at index 1, and so on. Example: // Index: 0 1 2 3 4 Computer programming I Accessing Elements Elements within an array can be accessed using their index within square brackets. Example: Computer programming I Indexing out of bounds Indexing out of bounds: Trying to access an element at an index that doesn’t exist in the array. Example: Computer programming I Using Loops for Access Loops are often used to iterate through arrays and access each element. This is useful when you want to perform a specific operation on all elements. Example: Computer programming I Example: Storing Student Grades Suppose you have a class of students and you want to store their exam grades. The loop iterates through the array, printing each student’s grade along with their corresponding index. In this example, an array examGrades is used to store the exam grades of five students. Computer programming I Mid-lesson question 1. Write a Java program to find the largest and smallest elements in an array of integers. Computer programming I Answer :Mid-lesson question Computer programming I Common Array Operations Arrays in Java provide a range of operations to manipulate and process data eiciently. Understanding these operations is crucial for eective use of arrays in programming. Computer programming I Common Array Operations: Insertion Arrays have a fixed size, so inserting elements involves shifting other elements. Example: Computer programming I Common Array Operations: Deletion Arrays have a fixed size, so deleting elements involves shifting other elements. Example (Deletion): Computer programming I Common Array Operations: Updating and Modifying Elements in an array can be updated by assigning new values. Example: Computer programming I Common Array Operations: Searching Linear Search: Traverse the array to find a specific element. Binary Search: Requires a sorted array, eiciently finds elements. Example (Linear Search): Computer programming I Common Array Operations: Sorting Arrays can be sorted in ascending or descending order using built-in sorting algorithms. Example: Computer programming I Iterating through Arrays Loops are used to traverse arrays and perform operations on each element. Example: Computer programming I Finding Maximum and Minimum Iterate through an array to find the maximum and minimum elements. Example: Computer programming I Aggregate Operations Perform aggregate operations on array elements, such as summing or averaging. Example (Sum): Computer programming I Advantages of Using Arrays Grouping Data: Arrays allow us to group related data together, making it easier to manage and work with the data. Eicient Access: Elements in an array can be accessed directly using their index, making data retrieval eicient. Consistency: Arrays enforce a consistent data type for all elements, reducing data type-related errors. Iterative Operations: Arrays work well with loops, enabling eicient iteration and processing of data. Computer programming I Summary  Computer programming I Summary Arrays are essential for storing collections of data in Java. They allow us to group related data and eiciently access elements using indices. Arrays are commonly used in various programming scenarios, from simple data storage to complex algorithms. Indexing is essential for accessing specific elements within an array. Java uses zero-based indexing, with the first element at index 0. Loops are commonly used to iterate through arrays and access their elements. Common array operations enable eicient manipulation and processing of data stored in arrays.  Computer programming I Summary These operations are essential for a wide range of programming tasks. A solid understanding of these operations enhances your ability to work with arrays eectively. Computer programming I FURTHER READING RESOURCES Sierra, K., & Bates, B. (2005). Head First Java: A Brain-Friendly Guide. " O'Reilly Media, Inc.". Horstmann, C. S. (2000). Core JAVA Vol Fundamentals. Burd, B. (2017). Beginning programming with Java for Dummies. John Wiley & Sons. Eckel, B. (2003). Thinking in JAVA. Prentice Hall Professional. Cosmina, I. (2018). Java for Absolute Beginners: Learn to Program the Fundamentals the Java 9+ Way. Apress. Schildt, H. (2003). Java™ 2: A Beginner’s Guide Computer programming I Thank You