Arabic Review PDF

Introduction to Arabic Alphabets: Arabic is written from right to left. The Arabic alphabet consists of 28 letters if Hamza (‫ )ء‬is counted with Alif (‫ إ‬،‫)أ‬. It totals 29 letters if Hamza is considered a separate letter. There are no distinctions between capital and sm...

Introduction to Arabic Alphabets: Arabic is written from right to left. The Arabic alphabet consists of 28 letters if Hamza (‫ )ء‬is counted with Alif (‫ إ‬،‫)أ‬. It totals 29 letters if Hamza is considered a separate letter. There are no distinctions between capital and small letters in Arabic. The Arabic alphabet includes 7 strong letters and the rest are categorized as weak letters. Learning the alphabet also requires understanding vowels in Arabic. 2. Arabic Alphabet: In Arabic: ‫وف اَأل ْب َج ِد َّية‬ ُ ‫( ال ُح ُر‬Al-Horoofu Al-Abjadeyyah). It's recommended to use resources like alphabet songs for learning, such as the video linked in the presentation. 3. Activity: Recognizing Arabic Words: You are encouraged to find out Arabic equivalents for: A drink for the morning. Hand wash. A container for honey. Fabric used in clothes. Used to sanitize wounds. Seen in the zoo. 4. Common Greetings: Good Morning: Sabahul khayr = ‫الخيْر‬َ ‫ص َباح‬ َ َ Good Evening: Masa’ul khayr = ‫َم َساء الخيْر‬ Good Night: Tusbih ‘aala khayr = ‫ُتصْ ِبح َع َلى َخيْر‬ 5. Introducing Yourself in Arabic: My name is …: ‫ … اسمي‬Esmi … I am … years old: ‫ … عمري‬Umri … I am from …: ‫ … أنا مِن‬Ana mena … Vocabulary Activity: 1. A drink for the morning:  ○ Coffee = ‫( َقهوة‬Qahwa) ○ Pronunciation: Qa-hwa ○ Tea = ‫( شاي‬Shay) ○ Pronunciation: Shai 2. Hand wash: ○ Soap = ‫( صابون‬Saboon) ○ Pronunciation: Sa-boon ○ Washing = ‫( َغسل‬Ghasl) ○ Pronunciation: Ghas-l 3. A container for honey: ○ Jar = ‫( َجرَّ ة‬Jarrah) ○ Pronunciation: Jar-rah ○ Honey pot = ‫( ِوعاء العسل‬Wi'aa' al-Asal) ○ Pronunciation: Wi-‘aa al-Asal 4. Fabric used in clothes: ○ Fabric = ‫( قُماش‬Qumash) ○ Pronunciation: Qu-mash 5. Used to sanitize wounds: ○ Antiseptic = ‫( مُطهِّر‬Mutahhir) ○ Pronunciation: Mu-tah-hir ○ Alcohol = ‫( كحول‬Kuhool) ○ Pronunciation: Ku-hoo-l 6. Seen in the zoo: ○ Animals = ‫( َحيوانات‬Hayawanaat) ○ Pronunciation: Ha-ya-wa-naat 1. Introduction to Vowels: Vowels in Arabic are essential for pronunciation and understanding, and they are categorized into two types: ○ I. Short Vowels ○ II. Long Vowels 2. Short Vowels: Short vowels are symbols or signs placed above or below Arabic letters to help with pronunciation. Once familiar with the language, these short vowels are often omitted in everyday writing. The placement of these vowels can change the grammatical meaning of a word or give it a completely different sound. These signs are called:  ○ Arabic Signs of Movement = ‫الح َر َكات‬ َ (Al-Harakat) ○ ْ َ Tashkeel = ‫( التشكِيل‬Al-Tashkeel) 3. Long Vowels: The lesson mentions long vowels but doesn't go into detail in the provided slides. However, long vowels in Arabic generally involve Alif (‫)ا‬, Waw (‫)و‬, and Ya (‫)ي‬, which extend the sound of a vowel. 1. Short Vowels (‫ الحركات‬- Al-Harakat): Short vowels are small marks placed above or below the letters to guide pronunciation. They are essential for understanding the correct sound of words. Here are the three main short vowels: Fatha (‫) َف ْت َحة‬: ○ Symbol: َ (a small diagonal stroke above the letter) ○ Pronunciation: a as in cat Damma (‫)ض َّمة‬: َ ○ Symbol: ُ (a small loop above the letter) ○ Pronunciation: u as in put Kasra (‫) َك ْس َرة‬: ○ Symbol: ِ (a small diagonal stroke below the letter) ○ Pronunciation: i as in sit These short vowels are mainly used in teaching Arabic and in religious texts. Once you become more familiar with Arabic, they are often omitted in everyday writing. 2. Long Vowels (‫ حروف المد‬- Huroof al-Madd): Long vowels are written out as full letters and have a more extended sound. These vowels are as follows: Alif (‫)ا‬: ○ Pronunciation: aa as in father Waw (‫)و‬: ○ Pronunciation: uu as in cool Ya (‫)ي‬: ○ Pronunciation: ii as in see 1. Arabic Alphabets (14 Letters)  Some Arabic letters can connect to others, while others cannot. Example of strong and weak letters: ○ Raa (‫ )ر‬is strong with fatha (‫)ر‬ َ or damma (ُ‫)ر‬. ○ It is weak with kasra (‫)ر‬. ِ 2. Vocabulary: Some common Arabic words and their translations: ‫( َثوم‬Thawom) = Garlic ‫( ُت َفاح‬Touffah) = Apple ‫( ُبر ُت َقال‬Burtoqal) = Orange ‫( ُأ ْرز‬Orz) = Rice ‫( َخس‬Khus) = Lettuce ‫( ُح ُّمص‬Hommos) = Chickpeas ‫( َج َزر‬Jazur) = Carrot Animals: َ ‫( َأ‬Asad) = Lion ‫سد‬ ‫( َأر َنب‬Arnab) = Rabbit ‫( َبطة‬Buttah) = Duck ‫( تِمساح‬Temsah) = Crocodile ‫( َثع َلب‬Thaalab) = Fox ‫( َج َمل‬Jamal) = Camel ‫ِصان‬َ ‫( ح‬Hisan) = Horse ‫( َخ ُروف‬Kharouf) = Sheep 3. The Family (‫ اُأل ْسرة‬- Al Usrah): Sister: ‫( ُأخت‬Okht) Brother: ‫( َأخ‬Ukh) Daughter: ‫( اِبنة‬Ibnah) Son: ‫( اِبن‬Ibn) Mother: ‫( ُأم‬Om) Father: ‫( َأب‬Ub) Grandmother: ‫( َجدَ ة‬Jaddah) Grandfather: ‫( َجد‬Jadd) Relating to yourself: My family: ‫( ُأسْ َرتِي‬Usraty) My mother: ‫( ُأمِّي‬Ummy) My father: ‫( َأ ِبي‬Aby) My son: ‫( ِا ْبنِي‬Ibny)  My daughter: ‫( ِا ْب َنتِي‬Ibnaty) My grandma: ‫( َجدَ تِي‬Jaddaty) 1. The Definite Article (‫)ال‬: In Arabic, the definite article "the" is composed of Alif (‫ )ا‬and Lam (‫ل) = ال‬. It is not an independent word but is always prefixed to the noun or adjective it is defining. There is only one form of the definite article in Arabic, regardless of the noun’s gender or number. Adding ‫ ال‬to a noun converts it from indefinite to definite. 2. Sun and Moon Letters: The Arabic alphabet is divided into sun letters (‫ )حروف شمسية‬and moon letters (‫حروف‬ ‫ )قمرية‬based on how the definite article ‫ ال‬is pronounced with each letter. ○ Sun Letters: The ‫ ل‬in ‫ ال‬is silent when the noun starts with a sun letter, and the letter itself is doubled. Examples of sun letters: ‫ ن‬,‫ ل‬,‫ ظ‬,‫ ط‬,‫ ض‬,‫ ص‬,‫ ش‬,‫ س‬,‫ ز‬,‫ ر‬,‫ ذ‬,‫ د‬,‫ ث‬,‫ت‬ Example word: ‫الـر ُجل‬ َّ (ar-rajul) – the man ○ Moon Letters: The ‫ ل‬in ‫ ال‬is pronounced when the noun starts with a moon letter. Examples of moon letters: ‫ ي‬,‫ و‬,‫ هـ‬,‫ م‬,‫ ك‬,‫ ق‬,‫ ف‬,‫ غ‬,‫ ع‬,‫ خ‬,‫ ح‬,‫ ج‬,‫ ب‬,‫ا‬ Example word: ‫( الـ َق َمر‬al-qamar) – the moon 3. Vocabulary: Days of the Week: Day = ‫( يوم‬Yawom) Days = ‫( أيام‬Ayyam) Week = ‫( أسبوع‬Usbou’a) The Days of the Week in Arabic: 1. Sunday = ‫( األحد‬Al-Ahad) 2. Monday = ‫( اإلثنين‬Al-Ithnayn) 3. Tuesday = ‫( الثالثاء‬Ath-Thulatha') 4. Wednesday = ‫( األربعاء‬Al-Arba’aa) 5. Thursday = ‫( الخميس‬Al-Khamees) 6. Friday = ‫( الجمعة‬Al-Jumu’a) 7. Saturday = ‫( السبت‬As-Sabt) 4. Exercises:  1. Convert the following indefinite nouns into definite nouns and classify them as Shamseyyah (Sun letters) or Qamareyyah (Moon letters): ○ ‫( أرنب‬Rabbit) ○ ‫( بطة‬Duck) ○ ‫( سمكة‬Fish) ○ ‫( نملة‬Ant) ○ ‫( حصان‬Horse) ○ ‫( فيل‬Elephant) ○ ‫( تمساح‬Crocodile) ○ ‫( ثعلب‬Fox) 2. Arrange the days of the week starting from Tuesday and classify them as Shamseyyah or Qamareyyah: ○ ‫الثالثاء – األربعاء – الخميس – الجمعة – السبت – األحد – اإلثنين‬ Quick Review and recap: 1. Tick the word(s) starting with the given letter: This exercise involves identifying words that start with a given letter. Since specific letters were not provided in the text, I cannot solve this directly. However, the exercise typically would involve choosing words like: ○ ‫ ب‬for ‫( َباب‬door), ‫( َب ْيت‬house) ○ ‫ ث‬for ‫( َث ْوب‬garment) 2. Connect the letters to make words: The goal is to join individual letters to form complete words. For example: ○ ‫ ب = َباب‬+ ‫ ا‬+ ‫( ب‬door) ○ ‫ ب = َث ْوب‬+ ‫ و‬+ ‫( ث‬garment) 3. Analyze the word into separate letters: ‫( َباب‬Bab) → ‫ ب‬+ ‫ ا‬+ ‫ب‬ ‫( َث ْوب‬Thawb) → ‫ ب‬+ ‫ و‬+ ‫ث‬ 4. Divide the word into two parts: This likely refers to breaking compound words into their root parts. For example: ○ ‫( تمساح‬Crocodile) → ‫ ساح‬+ ‫تم‬ 5. Analyze the Shadda ( ّ ) in the following words:  َ (Shadda) indicates a double consonant. Words with Shadda: ‫شدَّ ة‬ ○ ‫كبير‬: ِ No Shadda. ○ ‫و ُرود‬: َ No Shadda. ○ ‫ع ِبير‬: َ No Shadda. 6. Which words have long vowels? Long vowels in Arabic are represented by Alif (‫)ا‬, Waw (‫)و‬, and Ya (‫)ي‬. ○ ‫( َباب‬Bab) – Long vowel (Alif) ○ ‫( َث ْوب‬Thawb) – Long vowel (Waw) ○ ‫ِمساح‬َ ‫( ت‬Temsah) – No long vowel ○ ‫( َب ْيت‬Bayt) – Long vowel (Ya) ○ ‫( َع ِبير‬Abeer) – Long vowel (Ya) ○ ‫( َخ ُروف‬Kharouf) – Long vowel (Waw) ○ ‫( َو ُرود‬Waroud) – Long vowel (Waw) ○ ‫كبير‬ِ (Kabir) – Long vowel (Ya) 7. Create words out of the given letters: This involves combining provided letters to form words. Without specific letters, it's hard to solve exactly, but for example: ○ ‫ ب → َباب‬+ ‫ ا‬+ ‫( ب‬door) ○ ‫ ف → َخ ُروف‬+ ‫ و‬+ ‫ ر‬+ ‫( خ‬sheep) 1. The Definite Article (‫)ال‬: The Arabic definite article ‫ ال‬corresponds to "the" in English. It is not an independent word but always prefixed to the noun or adjective it defines. The definite article ‫ ال‬converts a noun from indefinite to definite. ○ Example: ‫( كتاب‬kitab) = a book → ‫( الكتاب‬al-kitab) = the book 2. Colours (‫ األلوان‬- Al-Alwan): Colour in Arabic = ‫( لون‬Lawon) Here are some common colours in Arabic with their gender forms: ○ Green = ‫( أخضر‬AkhDar) for masculine / ‫( خضراء‬Khadraa’) for feminine ○ Red = ‫( أحمر‬Ahmar) for masculine / ‫( حمراء‬Hamraa’) for feminine ○ Brown = ‫( بني‬Bunni) for masculine / ‫( بنية‬Bunniyyah) for feminine ○ Yellow = ‫( أصفر‬Asfar) for masculine / ‫( صفراء‬Safraa’) for feminine ○ Blue = ‫( أزرق‬Azraq) for masculine / ‫( زرقاء‬Zarqaa’) for feminine  ○ Black = ‫( أسود‬Aswad) for masculine / ‫( سوداء‬Sawodaa’) for feminine 3. Describing Objects with Colours: Arabic adjectives, including colours, must agree in gender with the noun they describe. Examples: ○ The Green Apple = ‫( التفاحة الخضراء‬At-Touffaha Khadraa’) ○ The Red Heart = ‫( القلب األحمر‬Al-Qulb Ahmar) ○ The Brown Coffee = ‫( القهوة البنية‬Al-Qahwa Bunniyyah) ○ The Yellow Flag = ‫( العلم األصفر‬Al-‘Aalam Asfar) ○ The Blue Pen = ‫( القلم األزرق‬Al-Qalam Azraq) ○ The Black Brush = ‫( الفرشاة السوداء‬Al-Fursha Sawodaa’) ○ The Red Flower = ‫( الوردة الحمراء‬Al-Wardah Hamraa’) 4. Exercises: Complete the sentences using the correct form of the colour: ○ ‫( َه َذا الكتاب (األزرق – الزرقاء) → األزرق‬Al-azraq) = The Blue Book ○ ‫( هُذه الشجرة (األخضر – الخضراء) → الخضراء‬Al-Khadraa’) = The Green Tree ○ ‫( القلم (األسود – السوداء) → األسود‬Al-Aswad) = The Black Pen ○ ‫( الحِصان (البُني – البُنية) → البُني‬Al-Bunni) = The Brown Horse ○ ‫( الموزة (األصفر – الصفراء) → الصفراء‬As-Safraa’) = The Yellow Banana Choose the correct answer for the colour of objects: ○ ‫ = ما لون الموز؟‬What is the colour of the banana? → ‫( الموز األصفر‬Al-Mawz Al-Asfar) = The banana is yellow. ○ ‫ = ما لون التفاحة؟‬What is the colour of the apple? ○ ‫ = ما لون الدجاجة؟‬What is the colour of the chicken? ○ ‫ = ما لون الخيار؟‬What is the colour of the cucumber? ○ ‫ = ما لون الكتاب؟‬What is the colour of the book? ○ ‫ = ما لون البرتقال؟‬What is the colour of the orange? ○ ‫ = ما لون الطائر؟‬What is the colour of the bird? ○ ‫ = ما لون الشكل؟‬What is the colour of the shape? 1. Open Taa’ (‫)ت‬, Tied Taa’ (‫)ة‬, and Tied Haa’ (‫)ه‬ Key Differences: Shape: Visual differences between the three letters. Pronunciation: ○ ‫ت‬: Always pronounced taa’. ○ ‫ه‬: Always pronounced haa’. ○ ‫ة‬: Pronounced haa’ when stopped, but taa’ in three cases:  1. When it has a short vowel (e.g., ‫ ِة‬,‫ َة‬,ُ‫)ة‬. 2. When a noun is added (e.g., ‫)كرة القدم‬. 3. When an attached pronoun is added, taa’ connects (e.g., ‫)كرتي‬. Examples: ‫( وردة‬flower), ‫( سيارة‬car), ‫( شجرة‬tree) ‫( بنت‬girl), ‫( بيت‬house), ‫( مياه‬water) ُ ‫أكلت‬ ُ (I ate), ‫كتبت‬ (I wrote), ‫( يكره‬he dislikes) 2. Hamza (‫)ء‬ Hamza appears in multiple forms depending on its placement: ‫ ئـ‬,‫ ئ‬,‫ ؤ‬,‫ إ‬,‫ أ‬,‫ء‬ 3. Broken Alif (Alif Maqsura) Written as yaa’ (‫)ى‬, but pronounced as alif (‫)ا‬. The letter before it must have a Fat-ha (‫)َـ‬. Examples: ‫( على‬on) ‫( رأى‬he saw) ‫( مشى‬he walked) ‫( بكى‬he cried) ‫( إلى‬to) ‫( مصطفى‬Mustafa) 1. Gender in Arabic Masculine: ‫( الم َُذ َّك ُر‬AL-Mouzakkaru) ُ ‫( ال ُمَؤ َّن‬AL-Mou’annathu) Feminine: ‫ث‬ The common way to form singular feminine nouns and adjectives is by adding ‫( ة‬taa' marboutah) to the masculine form. ○ Examples: ‫ طبيبة‬/ ‫( طبيب‬doctor - masculine/feminine) ‫ معلمة‬/ ‫( معلم‬teacher - masculine/feminine) ‫ جميلة‬/ ‫( جميل‬beautiful - masculine/feminine) 2. Dual Form in Arabic Masculine nouns/adjectives: Add the suffix ‫ان‬. ○ Examples: ‫ ولدان‬/ ‫( ولد‬boy / two boys) ‫ قلمان‬/ ‫( قلم‬pen / two pens) Feminine nouns/adjectives: Add the suffix ‫تان‬. ○ Examples: ‫ كرتان‬/ ‫( كرة‬ball / two balls) ‫ تفاحتان‬/ ‫( تفاحة‬apple / two apples) 3. Plural Formation Regular Plurals: ○ For masculine nouns/adjectives: Add ‫ ون‬or ‫ين‬. Example: ‫ معلمين‬/ ‫( معلم = معلمون‬teachers - masculine plural) ○ For feminine nouns/adjectives: Add ‫ات‬. Example: ‫( معلمة = معلمات‬teachers - feminine plural) Irregular Plurals: ○ Some nouns have irregular plural forms, which do not follow the regular suffix patterns. ○ Examples: ‫ طالب‬/ ‫( طالب‬student / students) ‫ أوالد‬/ ‫( ولد‬boy / boys) ‫ مساجد‬/ ‫( مسجد‬mosque / mosques) ‫ أشجار‬/ ‫( شجرة‬tree / trees) Revision: Here’s a more detailed reviewer that includes answers and pronunciations for each part of your final revision: 1. Alphabetical Arrangement Task: Arrange the given Arabic letters in the correct order. Exercise: 1. ‫س ب ج ذ ط م‬ Answer: ‫ب ج ذ س ط م‬ Pronunciation: Bā', Jīm, Dhāl, Sīn, Tā', Mīm  2. ‫هـ ط ر خ ن ش‬ Answer: ‫خ ر ش ط ن هـ‬ Pronunciation: Khā', Rā', Shīn, Tā', Nūn, Hā' 3. ‫ي ل ق ع و ك‬ Answer: ‫ق ك ل و ي ع‬ Pronunciation: Qāf, Kāf, Lām, Wāw, Yā', 'Ayn 2. Word Creation Task 1: Create 5 words from the following letters: (‫أ – م – ل – ت – و – ة – خ – ر – د – س – ح – ك‬ ‫)– ف‬ Possible Words: 1. ‫( درة‬Durrah) – Pearl 2. ‫( حمار‬Himār) – Donkey 3. ‫( كرامة‬Karāmah) – Dignity 4. ‫( خاتم‬Khātim) – Ring 5. ‫( سكر‬Sukkar) – Sugar Task 2: Write two words starting with each of the following letters: Example: ‫ باب‬:‫( ب‬Bāb) – Door, ‫( بيت‬Bayt) – House ‫ دكان‬:‫( د‬Dukkān) – Store, ‫( دب‬Dubb) – Bear 3. Vocabulary Exercises Task 1: Connect the letters to form words. 1. ‫( غ س ا ل ة → غسالة‬Ghisālah) – Washing machine 2. ‫( ف ر ا ش ة → فراشة‬Farāshah) – Butterfly Task 2: Analyze and separate the letters of the following words:  ‫ ة‬- ‫ ل‬- ‫ ا‬- ‫ س‬- ‫ غ‬:‫( غسالة‬Ghā', Sīn, Alif, Lām, Tā') ‫ ة‬- ‫ ش‬- ‫ ا‬- ‫ ر‬- ‫ ف‬:‫( فراشة‬Fā', Rā', Alif, Shīn, Tā') Task 3: Identify the words with long vowels. Examples: ‫( َباب‬Bāb) – Door (long vowel: ‫)ا‬ ‫مساجد‬َ (Masājid) – Mosques (long vowel: ‫)ا‬ ‫صورة‬ ُ (Sūrah) – Picture (long vowel: ‫)و‬ 4. Arabic to English Translation Task: Write the meaning of the following words in Arabic: 1. Tea: ‫( شاي‬Shāy) 2. Grandmother: ‫( جدة‬Jaddah) 3. Pencil: ‫( قلم رصاص‬Qalam Raṣāṣ) 4. Algebra: ‫( الجبر‬Al-Jabr) 5. Cotton: ‫( قطن‬Quṭn) 6. Sunday: ‫( األحد‬Al-Aḥad) 7. Orange: ‫( برتقال‬Burtuqāl) 8. Green: ‫( أخضر‬Akhdar) 9. Sister: ‫( أخت‬Ukht) 10. Fish: ‫( سمك‬Samak) 11. Hand: ‫( يد‬Yad) 12. Gold: ‫( ذهب‬Dhahab) 5. Grammar Task 1: Convert from indefinite to definite and change the vowels on the last letter. ُ ‫الساعة‬ ً → ‫ساعة‬ (As-sāʿatu) – The clock ‫ب‬ ِ ‫ب → الكل‬ ٍ ‫( كل‬Al-kalbi) – The dog ‫( حذا ٌء → الحذا ُء‬Al-ḥidhā'u) – The shoe Task 2: Convert to Feminine.  1. ‫( هذا ولد → هذه بنت‬Hādhihi Bint) – This is a girl 2. ‫( أب → أم‬Umm) – Mother 3. ‫( مهندس → مهندسة‬Muhandisah) – Female Engineer 4. ‫( طبيب → طبيبة‬Tabībah) – Female Doctor 5. ‫( جد → جدة‬Jaddah) – Grandmother Task 3: Fill in the blanks with appropriate demonstrative pronouns. 1. ‫هذا طالب نشيط‬. (Hādhā Ṭālib Nashīṭ) – This is an active student 2. ‫هذان رجالن ناجحان‬. (Hādhān Rajulān Nājiḥān) – These are two successful men 3. ‫هذه أشجار كثيرة‬. (Hādhihi Ashjār Kathīrah) – These are many trees 6. Comprehension Exercise: Read the text and answer the questions below. 1. Mention the family members mentioned in the text and write their English meanings: ‫أب‬: (Ab) – Father ‫أم‬: (Umm) – Mother ‫أخت‬: (Ukht) – Sister 2. Find two words starting with ‫ الم شمسية‬and two with ‫الم قمرية‬: ‫ الشمس‬:‫( الم شمسية‬Ash-shams) – The Sun, ‫( النجم‬An-najm) – The Star ‫ الكتاب‬:‫( الم قمرية‬Al-kitāb) – The Book, ‫( القمر‬Al-qamar) – The Moon 3. Find one word ending with ‫تاء مربوطة‬: ‫( مدرسة‬Madrasa) – School 4. Find two masculine and two feminine words: Masculine: ‫( رجل‬Rajul) – Man, ‫( ولد‬Walad) – Boy Feminine: ‫( بنت‬Bint) – Girl, ‫( أم‬Umm) – Mother 5. Meaning of underlined words: (Examples may vary depending on the text, so check the specific words in your revision.) 7. Multiple Choice Questions Choose the correct answer: 1. Fabric used in clothes: ○ (‫ كباب‬- ‫ قطن‬- ‫)قهوة‬ Answer: ‫( قطن‬Quṭn) – Cotton 2. Hand wash: ○ (‫ سكر‬- ‫ صابون‬- ‫)سلطة‬ Answer: ‫( صابون‬Ṣābūn) – Soap 3. A container for honey: ○ (‫ جمل‬- ‫ الجبر‬- ‫)جرة‬ Answer: ‫( جرة‬Jarrah) – Jar 4. An animal: ○ (‫ سبانخ‬- ‫ زرافة‬- ‫)ياسمين‬ Answer: ‫( زرافة‬Zarāfah) – Giraffe 8. Matching Phrases Match the phrases: 1. ‫ سنة‬١٦ ‫)كم عمرك؟ → (عمري‬ Answer: How old are you? → I am 16 years old. 2. ‫)من أين انت؟ → (أنا من سوريا‬ Answer: Where are you from? → I am from Syria. 3. ‫)السالم عليكم → (وعليكم السالم‬ Answer: Peace be upon you → And peace be upon you. 4. ‫ بخير‬،‫)كيف حالك؟ → (الحمد هلل‬ Answer: How are you? → Praise be to Allah, I am well. 9. Arranging Conversations Rearrange the following conversation: ‫شكرا‬ ً ‫ رانيا محمود‬/‫د‬ Correct order: 1. ‫ رانيا محمود‬/‫( د‬Dr. Rania Mahmoud) 2. ‫شكرا‬ ً (Thank you)