Anxiolytic and Hypnotic Drugs Part 4 PDF
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Emory & Henry College
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This document contains a set of questions and answers about anxiolytic and hypnotic drugs. It covers various aspects, such as mechanism of action, uses, and adverse effects, of different drugs. The content is suitable for an undergraduate-level pharmacology course.
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1\. \*\*Which benzodiazepine is commonly used for the prevention of alcohol withdrawal symptoms?\*\* \- A) Clonazepam \- B) Chlordiazepoxide \- C) Alprazolam \- D) Zolpidem \*\*Answer\*\*: B) Chlordiazepoxide 2\. \*\*What is a common long-acting benzodiazepine used for treating status epilepti...
1\. \*\*Which benzodiazepine is commonly used for the prevention of alcohol withdrawal symptoms?\*\* \- A) Clonazepam \- B) Chlordiazepoxide \- C) Alprazolam \- D) Zolpidem \*\*Answer\*\*: B) Chlordiazepoxide 2\. \*\*What is a common long-acting benzodiazepine used for treating status epilepticus?\*\* \- A) Lorazepam \- B) Diazepam \- C) Oxazepam \- D) Eszopiclone \*\*Answer\*\*: B) Diazepam 3\. \*\*Which long-acting benzodiazepine is converted to desmethyldiazepam as a major metabolite?\*\* \- A) Temazepam \- B) Clonazepam \- C) Diazepam \- D) Triazolam \*\*Answer\*\*: C) Diazepam 4\. \*\*Which symptom is commonly associated with benzodiazepine withdrawal?\*\* \- A) Euphoria \- B) Panic attacks \- C) Weight gain \- D) Hypersomnia \*\*Answer\*\*: B) Panic attacks 5\. \*\*What life-threatening symptom can occur due to abrupt discontinuation of benzodiazepines?\*\* \- A) Hallucinations \- B) Seizures \- C) Myocardial infarction \- D) Stroke \*\*Answer\*\*: B) Seizures 6\. \*\*How should benzodiazepine withdrawal be managed?\*\* \- A) Immediate discontinuation \- B) Rapid taper over 2 days \- C) Slow taper over time \- D) Conversion to barbiturates \*\*Answer\*\*: C) Slow taper over time 7\. \*\*Which melatonin receptor agonist is used for sleep onset insomnia?\*\* \- A) Suvorexant \- B) Ramelteon \- C) Zolpidem \- D) Temazepam \*\*Answer\*\*: B) Ramelteon 8\. \*\*What is the main mechanism of action of melatonin receptor agonists like ramelteon?\*\* \- A) Agonism at GABA receptors \- B) Antagonism of serotonin receptors \- C) Agonism at MT1 and MT2 receptors \- D) Blockade of alpha-1 receptors \*\*Answer\*\*: C) Agonism at MT1 and MT2 receptors 9\. \*\*Which drug should not be used in combination with ramelteon due to significant drug interactions?\*\* \- A) Fluvoxamine \- B) Diazepam \- C) Buspirone \- D) Eszopiclone \*\*Answer\*\*: A) Fluvoxamine 10\. \*\*Which Z-drug is associated with the least amount of next-day somnolence?\*\* \- A) Zolpidem \- B) Eszopiclone \- C) Zaleplon \- D) Diazepam \*\*Answer\*\*: C) Zaleplon 11\. \*\*What is a common adverse effect of Z-drugs like zolpidem and eszopiclone?\*\* \- A) Seizures \- B) Daytime anxiety \- C) Complex sleep behaviors \- D) Weight gain \*\*Answer\*\*: C) Complex sleep behaviors 12\. \*\*Which Z-drug is specifically used to treat both sleep onset and middle-of-the-night awakening?\*\* \- A) Zaleplon \- B) Zolpidem SL (Edluar) \- C) Eszopiclone \- D) Triazolam \*\*Answer\*\*: B) Zolpidem SL (Edluar) 13\. \*\*Which barbiturate is still commonly used for seizure control?\*\* \- A) Secobarbital \- B) Thiopental \- C) Phenobarbital \- D) Amobarbital \*\*Answer\*\*: C) Phenobarbital 14\. \*\*What is the primary mechanism of action of barbiturates?\*\* \- A) Increase in the duration of GABA-gated chloride channel openings \- B) Blockage of sodium channels \- C) Activation of serotonin receptors \- D) Decrease in norepinephrine release \*\*Answer\*\*: A) Increase in the duration of GABA-gated chloride channel openings 15\. \*\*Why are barbiturates less commonly used than benzodiazepines for insomnia?\*\* \- A) Shorter duration of action \- B) Lower risk of dependence \- C) Higher potential for toxicity and dependence \- D) Poor efficacy for sleep maintenance \*\*Answer\*\*: C) Higher potential for toxicity and dependence 16\. \*\*What is the primary therapeutic use of suvorexant?\*\* \- A) Anxiety disorders \- B) Sleep onset insomnia \- C) Seizure control \- D) Muscle relaxation \*\*Answer\*\*: B) Sleep onset insomnia 17\. \*\*Which orexin receptor is blocked by suvorexant to promote sleep?\*\* \- A) Orexin 1 receptor \- B) Orexin 2 receptor \- C) Both orexin 1 and 2 receptors \- D) GABA receptor \*\*Answer\*\*: C) Both orexin 1 and 2 receptors 18\. \*\*Which side effect is commonly associated with orexin antagonists like suvorexant?\*\* \- A) Daytime somnolence \- B) Seizures \- C) Hallucinations \- D) Tachycardia \*\*Answer\*\*: A) Daytime somnolence 19\. \*\*Which first-generation antihistamine is commonly used off-label for insomnia?\*\* \- A) Loratadine \- B) Hydroxyzine \- C) Cetirizine \- D) Fexofenadine \*\*Answer\*\*: B) Hydroxyzine 20\. \*\*Why are first-generation antihistamines not recommended for long-term treatment of insomnia?\*\* \- A) High risk of dependence \- B) Poor efficacy and adverse side effects \- C) Increased risk of hypertension \- D) Strong REM rebound \*\*Answer\*\*: B) Poor efficacy and adverse side effects 21\. \*\*Which patient population should avoid diphenhydramine due to increased risk of side effects?\*\* \- A) Pediatric patients \- B) Pregnant women \- C) Elderly patients \- D) Patients with diabetes \*\*Answer\*\*: C) Elderly patients