Anxiolytic and Hypnotic Drugs Part 4.docx

1\. \*\*Which benzodiazepine is commonly used for the prevention of alcohol withdrawal symptoms?\*\* \- A) Clonazepam \- B) Chlordiazepoxide \- C) Alprazolam \- D) Zolpidem \*\*Answer\*\*: B) Chlordiazepoxide 2\. \*\*What is a common long-acting benzodiazepine used for treating status epilepti...

1\. \*\*Which benzodiazepine is commonly used for the prevention of alcohol withdrawal symptoms?\*\* \- A) Clonazepam \- B) Chlordiazepoxide \- C) Alprazolam \- D) Zolpidem \*\*Answer\*\*: B) Chlordiazepoxide 2\. \*\*What is a common long-acting benzodiazepine used for treating status epilepticus?\*\* \- A) Lorazepam \- B) Diazepam \- C) Oxazepam \- D) Eszopiclone \*\*Answer\*\*: B) Diazepam 3\. \*\*Which long-acting benzodiazepine is converted to desmethyldiazepam as a major metabolite?\*\* \- A) Temazepam \- B) Clonazepam \- C) Diazepam \- D) Triazolam \*\*Answer\*\*: C) Diazepam 4\. \*\*Which symptom is commonly associated with benzodiazepine withdrawal?\*\* \- A) Euphoria \- B) Panic attacks \- C) Weight gain \- D) Hypersomnia \*\*Answer\*\*: B) Panic attacks 5\. \*\*What life-threatening symptom can occur due to abrupt discontinuation of benzodiazepines?\*\* \- A) Hallucinations \- B) Seizures \- C) Myocardial infarction \- D) Stroke \*\*Answer\*\*: B) Seizures 6\. \*\*How should benzodiazepine withdrawal be managed?\*\* \- A) Immediate discontinuation \- B) Rapid taper over 2 days \- C) Slow taper over time \- D) Conversion to barbiturates \*\*Answer\*\*: C) Slow taper over time 7\. \*\*Which melatonin receptor agonist is used for sleep onset insomnia?\*\* \- A) Suvorexant \- B) Ramelteon \- C) Zolpidem \- D) Temazepam \*\*Answer\*\*: B) Ramelteon 8\. \*\*What is the main mechanism of action of melatonin receptor agonists like ramelteon?\*\* \- A) Agonism at GABA receptors \- B) Antagonism of serotonin receptors \- C) Agonism at MT1 and MT2 receptors \- D) Blockade of alpha-1 receptors \*\*Answer\*\*: C) Agonism at MT1 and MT2 receptors 9\. \*\*Which drug should not be used in combination with ramelteon due to significant drug interactions?\*\* \- A) Fluvoxamine \- B) Diazepam \- C) Buspirone \- D) Eszopiclone \*\*Answer\*\*: A) Fluvoxamine 10\. \*\*Which Z-drug is associated with the least amount of next-day somnolence?\*\* \- A) Zolpidem \- B) Eszopiclone \- C) Zaleplon \- D) Diazepam \*\*Answer\*\*: C) Zaleplon 11\. \*\*What is a common adverse effect of Z-drugs like zolpidem and eszopiclone?\*\* \- A) Seizures \- B) Daytime anxiety \- C) Complex sleep behaviors \- D) Weight gain \*\*Answer\*\*: C) Complex sleep behaviors 12\. \*\*Which Z-drug is specifically used to treat both sleep onset and middle-of-the-night awakening?\*\* \- A) Zaleplon \- B) Zolpidem SL (Edluar) \- C) Eszopiclone \- D) Triazolam \*\*Answer\*\*: B) Zolpidem SL (Edluar) 13\. \*\*Which barbiturate is still commonly used for seizure control?\*\* \- A) Secobarbital \- B) Thiopental \- C) Phenobarbital \- D) Amobarbital \*\*Answer\*\*: C) Phenobarbital 14\. \*\*What is the primary mechanism of action of barbiturates?\*\* \- A) Increase in the duration of GABA-gated chloride channel openings \- B) Blockage of sodium channels \- C) Activation of serotonin receptors \- D) Decrease in norepinephrine release \*\*Answer\*\*: A) Increase in the duration of GABA-gated chloride channel openings 15\. \*\*Why are barbiturates less commonly used than benzodiazepines for insomnia?\*\* \- A) Shorter duration of action \- B) Lower risk of dependence \- C) Higher potential for toxicity and dependence \- D) Poor efficacy for sleep maintenance \*\*Answer\*\*: C) Higher potential for toxicity and dependence 16\. \*\*What is the primary therapeutic use of suvorexant?\*\* \- A) Anxiety disorders \- B) Sleep onset insomnia \- C) Seizure control \- D) Muscle relaxation \*\*Answer\*\*: B) Sleep onset insomnia 17\. \*\*Which orexin receptor is blocked by suvorexant to promote sleep?\*\* \- A) Orexin 1 receptor \- B) Orexin 2 receptor \- C) Both orexin 1 and 2 receptors \- D) GABA receptor \*\*Answer\*\*: C) Both orexin 1 and 2 receptors 18\. \*\*Which side effect is commonly associated with orexin antagonists like suvorexant?\*\* \- A) Daytime somnolence \- B) Seizures \- C) Hallucinations \- D) Tachycardia \*\*Answer\*\*: A) Daytime somnolence 19\. \*\*Which first-generation antihistamine is commonly used off-label for insomnia?\*\* \- A) Loratadine \- B) Hydroxyzine \- C) Cetirizine \- D) Fexofenadine \*\*Answer\*\*: B) Hydroxyzine 20\. \*\*Why are first-generation antihistamines not recommended for long-term treatment of insomnia?\*\* \- A) High risk of dependence \- B) Poor efficacy and adverse side effects \- C) Increased risk of hypertension \- D) Strong REM rebound \*\*Answer\*\*: B) Poor efficacy and adverse side effects 21\. \*\*Which patient population should avoid diphenhydramine due to increased risk of side effects?\*\* \- A) Pediatric patients \- B) Pregnant women \- C) Elderly patients \- D) Patients with diabetes \*\*Answer\*\*: C) Elderly patients