Ante-Mortem Inspection 2024 PDF

       Individual Inspection of all spp. on the day of slaughter:  At-rest  In-motion except Poultry where it is impractical. https://iegpolicy.agribusinessintelligence.informa.com/      https://www.fwi.co.uk/livestock/husbandry/livestock-la...

       Individual Inspection of all spp. on the day of slaughter:  At-rest  In-motion except Poultry where it is impractical. https://iegpolicy.agribusinessintelligence.informa.com/      https://www.fwi.co.uk/livestock/husbandry/livestock-lambing/7-key-lambing-diseases-how-to-prevent-and-treat-them  Scrapie © https://teara.govt.nz/en/photograph/17435/sheep-with-scrapie Crown Copyright (DATE) reproduced with kind permission of the Veterinary Laboratories Agency” BSE © Crown Copyright (DATE) reproduced with kind permission of the Veterinary Laboratories Agency”     In examination of suspects the PHV must take the animal’s temperature. 1. TB reactors 2. Minor epithelioma of the eye or orbital region. 3. Signs of a Foreign Animal Disease It is always advisable to take the rectal temperature of animals pre- slaughter. Decision-making on wholesomeness of the animal, particularly if abnormalities are LATER observed on PM examination. A rise in the rectal temperature above normal must be differentiated from a true fevers =disease       1. Lameness 2. CNS diseases.. rabies, listeriosis, toxins 3. Depression or disinterest 4. Moribund - any livestock with a rectal temperature of 960 F or < =a dying animal. It is never recommended that these animals be slaughtered for human food. 5. Downer: non-ambulatory-should never end up at Federal facility. These cows are NOT allowed for slaughter for meat due to BSE concerns Downer cow: Conditions Resulting in the Inability to Rise  Conditions Resulting in the Inability to Rise Foot lesions Septic arthritis Conditions Resulting in the Inability to Rise Foot lesions Septic arthritis Recent calving (obturator nerve paralysis) vetstream.com Conditions Resulting in the Inability to Rise Foot lesions Septic arthritis Recent calving (obturator nerve paralysis) Conditions Resulting in the Inability to Rise Foot lesions Septic arthritis Recent calving (obturator nerve paralysis) Septic mastitis Conditions Resulting in the Inability to Rise Foot lesions Septic arthritis Recent calving (obturator nerve paralysis) Broken back/injury Septic mastitis Spinal abscess (cow)  FYI:Factors leading to the Downer Cow Condition Systemic Non-systemic Primary Hypocalcemia Calving paralysis Hypophosphatemia Fractures due to falls Hypokalemia Aortic thrombosis Hypomagnesemia Vertebral abscess Toxic mastitis or metritis Vertebral fracture Stress of parturition Secondary Renal failure Muscle ischemia & Tearing DIC Sciatic nerve damage Hip luxation Fracture of a femoral head      Emaciation vs Leanness During parturition-cannot slaughter until after birth Signs of pain: grunting, grinding teeth, dysphagia An eye is missing-suspect? for epithelioma (cancer eye) Abnormal body condition Epithelioma-Cancer Eye or Squamous Cell carcinoma of the eye Cancer eye is the clinical term used to designate any apparently malignant neoplastic growth involving the eye and orbital region. Most common neoplasm of cattle found at slaughter. Significant economic loss results from condemnation or reduction in salvage value of carcasses and from a shortened productive life-span. The disease seldom occurs before 4 years of age and has a peak incidence at 8 years of age. A hereditary basis has been demonstrated most frequently found in Herefords. Of those cattle affected with SCC that pass ante-mortem inspection, it is reported that 10-15% are condemned on postmortem inspection Under federal meat inspection regulations, carcasses of animals affected with epithelioma of the eye or the orbital region are: USDA: Condemned if: It involves the osseous structures of the head with extensive infection, suppuration and necrosis If there is metastasis from the eye or the orbital region to lymph nodes, internal organs, muscles, skeleton or other structures regardless of the extent of the primary tumor. Epithelioma-Cancer Eye Early stage of cancer eye Photos courtesy UC Davis Veterinary Medicine      Injuries and fractures Abnormal growths, swellings: Actinomycosis, Actinobacillosis Abnormal enlargements( hernias) Abnormalities of skin, mucous membranes-signs of FMD, orf, injection sites Abnormal bodily discharges-nasal discharge, excessive salivation (ptyalism), diarrhoea, pus https://www.vetstream.com/treat/bovis/diseases/actinomycosis Initially passed as “suspect” on ante-mortem. In most cases, only the head will be condemned on post-mortem inspection Actinomycosis (A. bovis): Affects bony tissue (lumpy jaw). Hard enlargement of mandible. Head condemned. Actinobacillosis (A. lignieresii): affects soft tissue (wooden tongue) affect mandibular and retropharyngeal lymph nodes and soft tissues of jaw and neck. If lung involved, then entire carcass condemned.  Suspect Injection site abscess https://www.thegoatspot.net/threads/abscess-from-injection.195979/  Abnormal bodily discharges Bluetongue (Cow) © Crown Copyright (DATE) reproduced with kind permission of the Veterinary Laboratories Agency”       All tuberculin reactors are handled as U.S. Suspects and undergo a special postmortem examination at a USDA-designated slaughter facility. At the abattoir, state & federal meat inspectors check the lymph nodes & other organs of each cow for signs of TB. If TB lesions are found in the carcass, tissues are collected and sent to the National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL) for confirmation (PCR, culture of lesions). If confirmed, the carcass is condemned. Healthy Reactors: No clinical signs at ante-mortem No lesions at PM These will be passed on postmortem inspection, at a minimum, must be passed for cooking. The meat must be cooked until an internal temperature of 1700 F is reached and is held at that temperature for 30 minutes before being sold to the consumer. Testing: Dairy herds in the USA are tested at least once a year with the Brucella Milk Ring Test (BRT). Interstate movement of cattle (serology).At the abattoir, serology is done on intact cows/bulls older than 2 years of age Note that: Emergency slaughter: NOT FOR CATTLE = If an animal sustains a serious injury at a time other than normal inspection hours, the establishment may have cause for emergency slaughter 1. The PHV must determine post-mortem if the slaughter was necessary 2. The PHV must condemn the animal if there are no notable injuries that would indicate emergent action 3. Carcass must also be condemned if any lesions indicating illness or diseases are found      