مركز بومبيدو - هندسة معمارية عالية التقنية PDF

‫ﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎ ﻡ ﺍﻭ ﮐﻪ ﻧﺎﻣﺶ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﺶ ﺩﻟﻬ ﺎ ﺳ ‬ ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﯾﺎﻥ ﺗﺮﻡ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﺖ ﻃﺮﺍﺣ ‬ ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﯿﮑﺎ ﻻﭼﯿﻨﯽ – ﺳﯿﻤﺎ ﻗﺪﺭﺗ ‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫ﺲ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﮊﺭﮊ ﭘﻤﭙﯿﺪﻭ ﭘﺎﺭﯾ ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﭘﻤﭙﯿﺪﻭ (‪ )Centre National d’Art et de Culture Georges Pompidou‬ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺭﻧﺰﻭ ﭘ...

‫ﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎ ﻡ ﺍﻭ ﮐﻪ ﻧﺎﻣﺶ ﺁﺭﺍﻣﺶ ﺩﻟﻬ ﺎ ﺳ ‬ ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﯾﺎﻥ ﺗﺮﻡ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﺖ ﻃﺮﺍﺣ ‬ ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﯿﮑﺎ ﻻﭼﯿﻨﯽ – ﺳﯿﻤﺎ ﻗﺪﺭﺗ ‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫ﺲ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﮊﺭﮊ ﭘﻤﭙﯿﺪﻭ ﭘﺎﺭﯾ ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﭘﻤﭙﯿﺪﻭ (‪ )Centre National d’Art et de Culture Georges Pompidou‬ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺭﻧﺰﻭ ﭘﯿﺎﻧﻮ ﻭ ﺭﯾﭽﺎﺭﺩ ﺭﺍﺟﺮﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 1971‬ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﺳﺒﮏ ﻫﺎﯼ‪-‬ﺗﮏ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻭﻟﯿﻦ ﺑﻨﺎﯼ ﺍﯾﻦ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻣﯽ ﺁﯾﺪ‪1977 .‬‬ ‫ﺍﯾﻦ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﯿﻞ ﺯﯾﺒﺎﯾﯽ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﺁﺷﮑﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﯼ ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﺩ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﺶ ﺷﻬﺮﺕ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﯾﻦ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﯾﮏ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﻪ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﯿﺐﺭﮒ ﭘﺎﺭﯾﺲ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺰﺩﯾﮑﯽ ﻝﺱ ﻫﺎﻝﺱ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻡ ﺍﯾﻦ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺑﻪ ﯾﺎﺩ ﺭﺋﯿﺲ ﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭ ﺳﺎﺑﻖ ﻓﺮﺍﻧﺴﻪ ﮊﺭﮊ ﭘﻤﭙﯿﺪﻭ (‪ )1974-1969‬ﻧﺎﻡ ﮔﺬﺍﺭﯼ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﯾﻦ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﻫﺮ ﺳﺎﻝ ﭘﺬﯾﺮﺍﯼ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ‪ 6‬ﻣﯿﻠﯿﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﯾﺪﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﯾﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻤﺎﺩﯾﻦ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﺎﻭﺭﺩﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﯼ ﻗﺮﻥ ﺑﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬  ‫ﮏ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﯼ ﻫﺎﯼ‪-‬ﺗ ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﮏ ﯾﺎ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﯼ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﯼ ﺑﺮﺗﺮ ﯾﺎ ﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟﻮﮊﯼ ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ (( ‪ high-tech‬ﺳﺒﮑﯽ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺁﯾﻨﺪﻩ ﻧﮕﺮﻩ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻫﻪ ‪ 1970‬ﻣﺘﻮﻟﺪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻨﺎﯼ ﺗﺪﺍﻭﻡ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺁﻫﻦ ﻭ ﺷﯿﺸﻪ ﺳﺪﻩ ﻧﻮﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺗﮑﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻨﺎﻭﺭﯼ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺪﺭﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﯼ ﻫﺎﯼ‪-‬ﺗﮏ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﯿﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﺑﺴﺖ ﻧﯿﺰ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﻣﻌﻠﻖ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻭﺏ ﺁﻥ ﻭ ﻧﻤﺎﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﯽ ﮐﺎﻣﻼ ﻣﺠﺰﺍ ﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﮑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺵ ﭼﺸﻢ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﯼ ﺁﺭﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺪﺭﻧﯿﺘﻪ ﺍﺭﺍﯾﻪ ﻣﯿﺪﻫﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬  ‫ﺭﯾﭽﺎﺭﺩ ﺭﺍﺟﺮﺯ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭ ﭘﺮﺁﻭﺍﺯﻩ ﻫﺎﯼ –ﺗﮏ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﺍﯾﻦ ﺳﺒﮏ ﭼﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﯿﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﮑﻨﺪ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﯾﺪﻩ ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﯼ ﻣﯿﮑﻨﯿﻢ ﺍﺯ ﺧﯿﻠﯽ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺭﯾﺸﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻭﺭﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺎ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﯾﻦ ﺭﺑﻂ ﭘﯿﺪﺍ ﻣﯿﮑﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺜﻞ ﯾﮏ ﮐﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻧﯿﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺍﯾﻨﮑﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﯽ ﺧﻮﺍﻧﺎ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺟﺮﯾﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ ﺁﻥ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺭﻭﯾﺖ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺱ ﻣﺎ ﺍﯾﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺍﯾﻦ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﻫﻢ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﯽ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻠﯿﺴﺎﻫﺎﯼ ﻋﻈﯿﻢ ﮔﻮﺗﯿﮏ ﻣﺜﺎﻟﯽ ﺑﺴﯿﺎﺭ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺁﺏ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﻧﺎﻭﺩﺍﻥ ﺷﺮﺷﺮ ﮐﻨﺎﻥ ﺗﺨﻠﯿﻪ ﻣﯽﺷﻮﺩ ﺧﯿﻠﯽ ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻥ ﺍﻧﮕﯿﺰ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬ﻋﻠﻢ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻥ ﻣﯽ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻋﻘﯿﺪﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﯾﻢ ﮐﻪ ﻗﺮﻥ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻗﺮﻥ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭﻡ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺧﯿﻠﯽ ﮐﻠﯽ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺍﻧﻘﻼﺑﺎﺕ ﺷﮕﻔﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﯼ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﯾﻢ ﻭ ﻋﻘﯿﺪﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﯾﻢ ﮐﻪ ﻋﻠﻢ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻋﻤﻠﯽ ﻣﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻫﻨﮓ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﯼ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺁﺷﻨﺎ ﻣﯿﮑﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺍﯾﻦ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻋﻼﻗﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯽﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺷﮑﻠﯽ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯿﻢ ﻋﻠﻤﯽ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻌﺒﯿﺮ ﺷﺎﻋﺮﺍﻧﻪ ﺍﯼ ﻃﺮﺡ ﻭ ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﮐﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺷﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﺯﯾﺮ ﺑﻨﺎﯼ ﻓﮑﺮﯼ ﺍﯾﻦ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺭﺍﺟﺮﺯ ﺧﻼﺻﻪ ﮐﺮﺩ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯽ ﮔﻮﯾﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻋﺼﺮ ﻣﺪﺭﻥ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺪﺭﻥ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﮐﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬  ‫ﮏ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﻓﮑﺮﯼ ﻭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ﺳﺒﮏ ﻫﺎﯼ‪-‬ﺗ ‬ ‫ﯽ ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻨﺶ ﭘﻮﺯﯾﺘﯿﻮﯾﺴﻢ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺵ ﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﻢ ﻭ ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﻋﻠﻤﯽ ﻭ ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮑ ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺶ ﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟﻮﮊﯼ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻋﺼﺎﺭﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺳﺘﺎﻭﺭﺩ ﻋﺼﺮ ﺟﺪﯾ ﺪ ‬ ‫ﺖ ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺶ ﭘﺮﻭﺳﻪ ﺳﺎﺧ ‬ ‫ﻥ ‬ ‫ﺷﻔﺎﻑ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻥ ﻻﯾﻪ ﻻﯾﻪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻭ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺶ ﺣﺮﮐﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎ ‬ ‫ﻥ ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﻗﺎﻧﻪ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺍﻧﺎ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﯼ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎ ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﯽ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺭﻭﯾﮑﺮﺩ ﻋﻠﻤﯽ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ (ﺍﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﮔﺮﺍﯾﯽ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻞ ﮔﺮﺍﯾﯽ) ‬ ‫ﻥ ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﺭﮐﺮﺩﯼ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭﮔﺮﺍ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﯼ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎ ‬ ‫‪7‬‬  ‫ﮏ‬ ‫ﻭﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎ ﯼ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﻫﺎﯼ‪-‬ﺗ ‬ ‫ﺺ ‬ ‫ﻓ ﻠﺰ ﻭ ﺷﯿﺸﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺼ ﺎﻟﺢ ﺷ ﺎ ﺧ ‬ ‫ﺍﯾﺠﺎﺩ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﯾﮑﭙﺎﺭﭼﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ((‪ Space frame‬ﻗﺎﺏ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ ﻭ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺘ ﻪ ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺟﺰﺍﯼ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﻭ ﭘﯿﺶ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻨﻈﻢ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ ﺷﺪ ﻩ ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺩﯾﻮﺍﺭﻫﺎﯼ ﺷﯿﺸﻪ ﺍﯼ ﺍﯾﺴﺘﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺳﻄﻮﺡ ﯾﮏ ﭘﺎﺭﭼﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺪﺍﺭﻩ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺑﯿﺮﻭﻧﯽ ﺑﻨﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺑﮑﺎﺭ ﮔﯿﺮﯼ ﺍﺟﺰﺍ ﻭ ‬ ‫ﮏ‬ ‫ﺳ ﺎ ﺧﺘﺎﺭﻫ ﺎﯼ ﻣﺮﮐﺐ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﯼ ﺳﺒ ‬ ‫‪8‬‬  ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻧﮓ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﻭ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ  ‬ ‫ﮏ ‬ ‫ﺍ ﺳﺘﻔ ﺎ ﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍ ﺟﺰﺍ ﮐﺸﺸﯽ ﺳﺒ ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﺍ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗﯽ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﻓﻀﺎﻫ ﺎ ‬ ‫ﻥ ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ﺑﺎﻡ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻤﺎﯼ ﭘﻨﺠﻢ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎ ‬ ‫ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﯼ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﯽ (ﺑﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﯾﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﻔﺎﻓﯿﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ ﻧﻮﺭ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ) ﻭ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ﺁﺳﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰﺍﻥ ﮐﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻣﯽﺭﻭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻭ ﺗﺎﺳﯿﺴﺎﺕ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺎﻥ ‪ :‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﯼ ﻫﺎﯼ‪-‬ﺗﮏ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺍﯼ ﻭ ﺗﺎﺳﯿﺴﺎﺗﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﮐﺎﻣﻼ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﯽ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﺍﯼ ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ ﻣﯿﮕﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪.‬ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺍﺻﻞ ﮐﺎﺭﺍﺭﯾﯽ ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﯼ‪-‬ﺗﮏ ﻧﯿﺎﺯ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﺮ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﻭ ﻧﯿﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﯼ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺎﺳﯿﺴﺎﺕ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﯼ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺎﺳﯿﺴﺎﺕ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻣﺪﺍﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺱ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﯿﻦ ﺩﻟﯿﻞ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺳﻬﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﯾﻌﻨﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﯼ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﻭ ﮐﺎﺭﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﯼ ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﻭ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﭘﯿﭻ ﻭ ﻣﻬﺮﻩ ﺍﯼ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﮐﺎﺭﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﯼ ﻭ ﭘﯿﺶ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﭼﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻤﺎﯼ ﺑﯿﺮﻭﻧﯽ ﺑﻨﺎ ﻭ ﭼﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻀﺎﯼ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﯽ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺸﻮﺩ‪.‬ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﻣﯿﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻻﻣﭗ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﮐﺎﺭﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﯼ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﯾﺎ ﻇﺮﻭﻑ ﺷﯿﺸﻪ ﺍﯼ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﮔﻠﺪﺍﻥ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺑﺮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬  ‫ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ﺑﺎﻡ (ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ‪)HSBC‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺼﻠﺖ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ (ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎﭘﮑﯿﻨﺰ)‬ ‫‪11‬‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ﭘﻼﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺍﻧﻌﻄﺎﻑ ﭘﺬﯾﺮ (ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎﭘﮑﯿﻨﺰ)‬  ‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺶ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺍﺟﺰﺍﯼ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺑﻨﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺟﺰﺍ ﮐﺸﺸﯽ ﺳﺒﮏ (ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎﭘﮑﯿﻨﺰ)‬ ‫‪12‬‬ ‫ﺍﯾﺠﺎﺩ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﯾﮑﭙﺎﺭﭼﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ (‪Willis Faber) Space Frame‬‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻓﻠﺰ ﻭ ﺷﯿﺸﻪ (ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ‪)HSBC‬‬  ‫ﺍ ﺳﺘﻔ ﺎ ﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﻭ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﺭﺧ ﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﯼ ‬  ‫ﺗﺎﺳﯿﺴﺎﺕ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺎﻥ (ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﻟﻮﯾﺪﺯ)‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺎﻥ (ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ‪)HSBC‬‬ ‫‪14‬‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺑﻨ ﺎ‬  ‫‪Centre Pompidou‬‬ ‫‪1971-1977‬‬ ‫ﺖ‬ ‫ﺳ ﺎﻝ ﺳ ﺎ ﺧ ‬ ‫‪Renzo Piano, Richard Rogers ,Peter Rice, Gianfranco Franchini, Su‬‬ ‫‪Rogers, Mike Davies‬‬ ‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﺍ ‬ ‫‪High-tech architecture, Brutalist architecture, Postmodern‬‬ ‫‪Architecture‬‬ ‫ﺳﺒﮏ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ﺑﻨ ﺎ‬ ‫‪75004 Paris, France‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺖ ﺑﻨ ﺎ‬ ‫ﻫ ﮑﺘﺎﺭ ‪2‬‬ ‫ﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺴ ﺎ ﺣ ﺖ ﺳ ﺎﯾ ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ‪103305‬‬ ‫ﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺴ ﺎ ﺣ ﺖ ﻃﺒﻘ ﺎ ‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫ﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻃﺒﻘ ﺎ ‬ ‫‪166‬‬ ‫ﻃﻮﻝ ﺑﻨ ﺎ‬ ‫‪60‬‬ ‫ﻋﺮﺽ ﺑﻨ ﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺮ (ﺩﺭ ﺑﻠﻨﺪﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ‪ 45.5‬ﻣﺘﺮ)‪42‬‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺑﻨ ﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﺰﯼ (ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺗﻮﺧﺎﻟﯽ ﺗﯿﺮﻫﺎﯼ ‪ gerberettes‬ﺧﺮﭘﺎﻫﺎﯼ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﯼ)‬ ‫ﺍﺳﮑﻠﺖ ﺑﻨ ﺎ‬ ‫ﻦ‪15000‬‬ ‫ﺗ ‬ ‫ﻓﻮﻻﺩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩ ﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ ‪11000‬‬ ‫ﯼ‬ ‫ﺳﻄﻮﺡ ﺷﯿﺸﻪ ﺍ ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺮﻣﮑﻌﺐ ‪50000‬‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺘ ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻮﺯﯾﺖ (ﻋﺮﺷﻪ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﯼ)‬ ‫ﺳﻘﻒ ﺑﻨ ﺎ‬  ‫ﺍﯾﺪﻩ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﮊﺭﮊ ﭘﻤﭙﯿﺪﻭ‪:‬‬ ‫ﮏ ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺒﮏ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﯼ ﻫﺎﯼ‪-‬ﺗ ‬ ‫ﺍﯾﺠﺎﺩ ﺣﺲ ﭘﻮﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﻭ ﺣﺮﮐﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻨ ﺎ ‬ ‫ﺍﯾﺠﺎﺩ ﻋﺪﺍﻟﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻧﻌﻄﺎﻑ ﭘﺬﯾﺮﯼ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﻫﺮ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮ ﺩ ‬ ‫ﺕ ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻮﺡ ﻭ ﺷﻔﺎﻓﯿﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺯﯾﻊ ﺧﺪﻣﺎ ‬ ‫ﺩﯾﺪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭ ﺩﺍﯾﻤﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻭ ﻓﻀﺎﯼ ﺷﻬﺮﯼ ﺍﻃﺮﺍﻑ ﺑﻨ ﺎ ‬ ‫‪17‬‬  ‫ﻭﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺑﺎﺭﺯ ﻃﺮﺡ ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺶ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺎﺳﯿﺴﺎﺕ ﺑﻨﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﺩﯾ ﺪ ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻓﻮﻻﺩ ﻭ ﺷﯿﺸ ﻪ ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭﮔﯿﺮﯼ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ (ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﺧﺸﮏ ﻓﻮﻻﺩ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺭﯾﺨﺘﻪ ﮔﺮﯼ ﺷﺪﻩ) ‬ ‫ﻥ ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭﮔﯿﺮﯼ ﭘﻠﻪ ﺑﺮﻗﯽ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻤﺎﯼ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎ ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﻭﺳﯿﻊ ﻭ ﮔﺸﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻣﺰﺍﺣﻤﺖ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﮐﻪ ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﻫﺮ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺭﯾﺰﯼ ﺁﯾﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﯿﺎﺯﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﯾﻦ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻣﯽ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺑﯿﺶ ﺍﺯ ﻧﯿﻤﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺯﻣﯿﻦ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺍﺣﺪﺍﺙ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﺤﻮﻃﻪ ﺍﯼ ﺑﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺭﻭﯾﺪﺍﺩﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻗﯽ ﻭ ﺟﺸﻨﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﯿﺎﺑﺎﻧﯽ‪ .‬‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﺮﺍﮐﺰ ﭼﻨﺪﮐﺎﺭﻩ ﻧﻈﯿﺮ ﻣﻮﺯﻩ ﯼ ﻣﻠﯽ ﻫﻨﺮ ﻧﻮﯾﻦ ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ﻋﺼﺮ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﻭ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎﺕ ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺳﯿﻘﯽ ﻭ ‪....‬‬ ‫‪18‬‬  ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺖ ﺑﻨ ﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﯾﻦ ﺑﻨﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺷﻬﺮ ﭘﺎﺭﯾﺲ ﻣﺤﻠﻪ ﺑﻮﺑﻮﺭﮒ ﻭ ﺧﯿﺎﺑﺎﻥ ﺑﻮﺑﻮﺭﮒ (‪ )Beaubourg‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺑﻮﺭ (ﺑﻮﺑﻮﺭﮒ) ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ ﮐﻪ ﯾﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺑﯿﺴﺖ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﭘﺎﺭﯾﺲ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺠﺎﻭﺭﺕ ﻣﺤﻠﻪ ﻟﻪ ﺁﻝ ﮐﺎﺥ ﻣﻮﺯﻩ ﻟﻮﻭﺭ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺳﻦ ﻭ ﮐﻠﯿﺴﺎﯼ ﻣﺸﻬﻮﺭ ﻧﻮﺗﺮﺩﺍﻡ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺩﻭ ﮐﻠﯿﺴﺎ ﻭ ﭼﻨﺪﯾﻦ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﺎﺭﯾﺨﯽ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻗﺪﻣﺖ ﺍﯾﻦ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺮﻥ ﯾﺎﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﻭ ﭘﯿﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺗﺎ ﻗﺮﻥ ﻧﻮﺯﺩﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺮﻥ ﻧﻮﺯﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﯿﺴﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺛﺮﻭﺗﻤﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﻓﺮﺍﻧﺴﻪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻭ ﮐﺎﺥ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪19‬‬  ‫‪Paris‬‬ ‫‪Louvre Museum‬‬ ‫‪The Centre Pompidou‬‬ ‫‪seine‬‬ ‫‪Cathédrale Notre-Dame‬‬ ‫ﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﭘﻤﭙﯿﺪﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﭘﺎﺭﯾﺲ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﯾﮏ ﮐﯿﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮﯼ ﮐﻠﯿﺴﺎﯼ ﻧﻮﺗﺮﺩﺍﻡ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺯﻩ ﻟﻮﻭﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﭘﻤﭙﯿﺪﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﯾﮏ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﮐﻠﯿﺪﯼ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﺳﺎﺯﯼ ﻗﻠﺐ ﺗﺎﺭﯾﺨﯽ ﭘﺎﯾﺘﺨﺖ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺭﯾﺰﯼ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪20‬‬  ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺖ ﺑﻨ ﺎ‬ ‫ﮒ‬ ‫ﺧﯿﺎﺑﺎﻥ ﺑﻮﺑﻮﺭ ‬ ‫‪21‬‬  ‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﺳ ﺎﯾﺖ ﭘﻼ ‬ ‫‪22‬‬  ‫ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭﯼ ﺑﻨ ﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﯾﻦ ﺑﻨﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻣﮑﻌﺐ ﻣﺴﺘﻄﯿﻠﯽ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻃﻮﻝ ‪ 166‬ﻋﺮﺽ ‪ 60‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ‪ 42‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﮐﻪ ‪ 7‬ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺭﻭﯼ ﺯﻣﯿﻦ ﻭ ‪ 3‬ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺯﯾﺮﺯﻣﯿﻦ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﺮﺍﮐﺰ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﺩﻧﯿﺎﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺮ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﮑﻞ ﺻﺤﻨﻪ ﺍﯼ ﻭﺳﯿﻊ ﻭ ﮐﺎﻣﻼ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭﻫﺎﯼ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﯿﺰ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮﻥ ﻓﻨﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﭘﯿﺮﺍﻣﻮﻧﯽ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺟﺎﺳﺎﺯﯼ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻧﻤﺎﯼ ﺑﯿﺮﻭﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﯿﺎﺭ ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﺩﯼ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺨﺸﯿﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﯾﻦ ﻧﻤﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﯼ ﯾﮏ ﭘﺎﻻﯾﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﺸﺒﯿﻪ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪23‬‬ ‫ﺳﻪ ﺑﻌﺪﯼ ﺑﻨ ﺎ‬  ‫ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﮊﺭﮊ ﭘﻤﭙﯿﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﮐﺎﺭﮐﺎﻧﺎ ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧ ﻪ‬ ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺍﺻﻠ ‬ ‫‪25‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﻋﺮﺿﯽ (ﺑﺮﺵ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻤﺎﻝ)‬  ‫ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﻋﺮﺿﯽ (ﺑﺮﺵ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻤﺎﻝ)‬ ‫‪27‬‬  ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﯼ ﺷﺮﻗ ‬ ‫‪28‬‬ ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﯼ ﻏﺮﺑ ‬  ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﻤ ﺎ ﯼ ﺷ ﺮ ﻗ ‬ ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﻤ ﺎ ﯼ ﻏ ﺮ ﺑ ‬ ‫‪29‬‬  ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﯼ ﺷﻤﺎﻟ ‬ ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﯼ ﺟﻨﻮﺑ ‬ ‫‪30‬‬  ‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺎ ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﮊﺭﮊ ﭘﻤﭙﯿﺪﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﺩﯾﺪ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﯾﺪﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﯾﻦ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺗﻠﻔﯿﻘﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻓﻠﺰﯼ ﺗﻮﺧﺎﻟﯽ ﺗﯿﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺗﯿﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺧﺮﭘﺎﯾﯽ ﻭ ﺳﻘﻒ ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻮﺯﯾﺖ ﻣﯿﺒﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﺐ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﺩ ﺩﻫﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﯼ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ (ﻋﺮﺽ ‪ 44.8‬ﻣﺘﺮ) ﺭﺍ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﻣﺰﺍﺣﻢ ﺍﯾﺠﺎﺩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ ﺍﯾﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺍﻧﻌﻄﺎﻑ ﭘﺬﯾﺮﯼ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻼﻥ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻃﺮﺍﺡ ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﭼﯿﺪﻣﺎﻥ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﯽ ﻣﯿﮕﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺼﻼﺕ ﺧﺸﮏ ﻭ ﮐﺎﺭﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﯼ (ﺍﺯ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﺭﺯ ﺑﻨﺎﻫﺎﯼ ﻫﺎ‪-‬ﺗﮏ) ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﭘﯿﺶ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﯾﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺎﯼ ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻧﺼﺐ ﮔﺮﺩﯾﺪﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ ﺳﺒﺐ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺶ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟﻮﮊﯼ ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﮕﺎﻥ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪31‬‬  ‫ﺕ‬ ‫ﺭﻧﮓ ﺑﻨﺪﯼ ﺗﺎﺳﯿﺴﺎ ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻧﺎﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻫﻮ ﺍ‬ ‫ﺏ‬ ‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫ ﺎﯼ ﺁ ‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﯾﯽ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﯼ (ﺁﺳﺎﻧﺴﻮﺭ ﻭ ﭘﻠﻪ ﺑﺮﻗﯽ)‬ ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺍﻣﻨﯿﺘ ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﻨﺎ ﻭ ﺩﻭﺩﮐﺶ ﻫﺎ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻫﻮﺍﮔﯿ ﺮ‬ ‫ﻕ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﺑﺮ ‬  ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﺣﺮﮐﺘ ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﮊﺭﮊ ﭘﻤﭙﯿﺪﻭ ﻣﺴﯿﺮ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺣﺮﮐﺘﯽ ﮐﺎﻣﻼ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻤﺎﯼ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﺷﮑﻞ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺯ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﮊﺭﮊ ﭘﻤﭙﯿﺪﻭ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺣﺮﮐﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺑﻨﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ﭘﻠﻪ ﺑﺮﻗﯽ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﯼ ﻧﻤﺎ ﻏﺮﺑﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ (ﮐﻪ ﺯﯾﺮ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻧﮓ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﺭﻧﮓ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ) ﯾﮏ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻥ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﯾﮕﺰﺍﮒ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎﻻﯼ ﺑﻨﺎ ﮐﺸﯿﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺑﺎﺯﺩﯾﺪﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺩﯾﺪ ﺷﮕﻔﺖ ﺍﻧﮕﯿﺰﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻬﺮ ﭘﺎﺭﯾﺲ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻣﯽ ﺩﻫﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﺣﺮﮐﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﮐﺎﻣﻼ ﺟﻠﻮﯼ ﭼﺸﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﯿﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪33‬‬  ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ ﻫﺎﯼ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﮐﺘﯽ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻤﺎﯼ‬ ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﻏﺮﺑ ‬ ‫‪34‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺣﺮﮐﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﺩ ﺭ ﻧﻤ ﺎ ﯼ ﻏ ﺮ ﺑ ‬  ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮﺣﺮﮐﺘﯽ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻤﺎﯼ ﻏﺮﺑﯽ (ﺗﺮﺍﺯ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺷﺸﻢ)‬ ‫‪36‬‬  ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺣﺮﮐﺘﯽ ﺭﻭﺑﺎﺯ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﭘﻨﺠﻢ ﺍﯾﺠﺎﺩ ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻤﺎﺷﺎﯼ‬ ‫ﺲ‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺮ ﭘﺎﺭﯾ ‬ ‫‪37‬‬ ‫ﻗ ﺴﻤﺖ ﺍﻧﺘﻬ ﺎﯼ ﭘﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻗﯽ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺸﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺳﮑﻮﯾﯽ ﺑﻠﻨﺪ ﺟﻬﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻤ ﺎ ﺷ ﺎ ﯼ ﺷ ﻬ ﺮ‬ ‫ﺲ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﺭﯾ ‬  ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﻭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻠﻪ ﺑﺮﻗﯽ ﻭ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺪﻭﺭ ﻧﻤﺎﯼ ﻏﺮﺑ ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﻭ ﺩ‬ ‫ﺝ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﻭ ‬ ‫÷‬ ‫÷‬ ‫÷‬ ‫÷‬ ‫÷‬ ‫÷‬ ‫÷‬ ‫÷‬ ‫÷‬ ‫÷‬ ‫÷‬ ‫‪39‬‬  ‫ﺟﺰﺋﯿﺎﺕ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﭘﻠﻪ ﺑﺮﻗﯽ ﻭ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﯼ ﺣﺮﮐﺘﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﯼ ﻏﺮﺑﯽ ‬ ‫‪40‬‬  ‫ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﯽ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﭘﻤﭙﯿﺪ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﮐﻠﯽ ﺍﯾﻦ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﺻﻠﯽ (ﻣﻮﺯﻩ ﻫﻨﺮ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺪﺭﻥ ﻣﻮﺯﻩ ﻫﻨﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮ ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﻮﻗﺖ) ﻭ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﻫﺎ (ﺳﯿﻨﻤﺎ ﺳﺎﻟﻦ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺶ ﻭ ﮐﻨﻔﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻏﺮﻓﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻮﺩﮐﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻧﻮﺟﻮﺍﻧﺎﻥ ﺭﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﻥ ﻓﺮﻭﺷﮕﺎﻩ ﻭ ‪ )...‬ﻣﯿﺸﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫‪41‬‬  ‫ﻓﻀﺎﻫ ﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﯼ ﻧﯿﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﻓ ﻀ ﺎ ﻫ ﺎﯼ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺗ ‬ ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﻓ ﻀ ﺎ ﻫ ﺎ ﯼ ﺧ ﺼ ﻮﺻ ‬ ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﯼ ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﻋﻤﻮﻣ ‬ ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎﯼ ﻋﻤﻮﻣ ‬ ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﻮﺻ ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘ ﺎ ﺕ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ ﺳﯿﺴ ﺎ ‬ ‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍ ‬ ‫ﺳﯿﻨﻤ ﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺯ ﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻨﺎ ﺩ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻭﯾﺲ ﻫﺎﯼ‬ ‫ﺲ‬ ‫ﺳ ﺎﻟﻦ ﮐﻨﻔﺮﺍﻧ ‬ ‫ﮔﺎﻟﺮﯼ ﻫ ﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧ ﻪ‬ ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺪﺍ ﺷﺘ ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻟﻦ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺶ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﯽ (ﭘﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍ ‬ ‫ﺕ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﺴﺮ ‬ ‫ﺁﺳﺎﻧﺴﻮﺭ ﭘﻠﻪ ﺑﺮﻗﯽ)‬ ‫ﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻣﻮﻗ ‬ ‫ﻂ‬ ‫ﮔﯿﺸﻪ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﺑﯿﻠﯿ ‬ ‫‪42‬‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻭﺷﮕﺎﻩ ﻫ ﺎ‬  ‫ﭘﻼﻥ ﺯﯾﺮﺯﻣﯿﻦ (‪)-1‬‬ ‫‪1.‬‬ ‫‬ ‫‪30/16‬‬ ‫ﺍ ﺳﺘﻮﺩﯾﻮ‬ ‫‪2.‬‬ ‫ﮔﺎﻟﺮﯼ ﻋﮑﺎﺳﯽ (ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻣﻮﻗﺖ)‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪3.‬‬ ‫ﺳﯿﻨﻤ ﺎ‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪4.‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻟﻦ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺶ ﮐﻮﭼﮏ (ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﮐﻨﻔﺮﺍﻧﺲ ﻭ ﺟﻠﺴﺎﺕ)‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪5.‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻟﻦ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ (ﺑﺮﮔﺰﺍﺭﯼ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺶ ﻭ ﮐﻨﺴﺮﺕ)‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ﺁﺳﺎﻧﺴﻮ ﺭ‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪43‬‬  ‫ﭘﻼﻥ ﺯﯾﺮﺯﻣﯿﻦ (‪)0‬‬ ‫‪1.‬‬ ‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﺍ ﺳﺘﻮﺩﯾﻮ ﮐﻮﺩﮐﺎ ‬ ‫ﺁﺳﺎﻧﺴﻮ ﺭ‬ ‫‪2.‬‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻭﺷﮕﺎ ﻩ‬ ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﭘﻠﻪ ﺑﺮﻗﯽ ﺟﻨﻮﺑ ‬ ‫‪3.‬‬ ‫ﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻃﻼ ﻋ ﺎ ‬ ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﭘﻠﻪ ﺑﺮﻗﯽ ﺷﻤﺎﻟ ‬ ‫‪4.‬‬ ‫ﻂ‬ ‫ﭘﺬﯾﺮﺵ ﻭ ﻓﺮﻭﺵ ﺑﻠﯿ ‬ ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺍﺻﻠ ‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪5.‬‬ ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻭﯾﺲ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘ ‬ ‫‪6.‬‬ ‫ﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻭﺷﮕﺎﻩ ﮐﺘﺎ ‬ ‫‪7.‬‬ ‫ﭘﻼﺯ ﺍ‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪44‬‬  ‫ﻝ‬ ‫ﭘﻼﻥ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺍﻭ ‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫ﯼ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺯﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻧﻜﻮﺯ ‬ ‫ﺁﺳﺎﻧﺴﻮ ﺭ‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﯿﻨﻤ ﺎ‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﻋﻤﻮﻣ ‬ ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﭘﻠﻪ ﺑﺮﻗ ‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫ﮐﺎﺭﮔﺎﻩ ﻫﻨﺮﯼ ﮐﻮﺩﮐﺎﻥ ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻠﻪ ﺑﺮﻗﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﯼ ﻏﺮﺑﯽ (ﮐﺎﺗﺮﭘﯿﻼﺭ) ‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫ﭖ‬ ‫ﮐﺎ ﻓﯽ ﺷ ﺎ ‬ ‫ﯼ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺑﺮﺍﻧﻜﻮﺯ ‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫ﮔﺎﻟﺮﯼ (ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻣﻮﻗﺖ)‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪45‬‬  ‫ﭘﻼﻥ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺩﻭ ﻡ‬ ‫‪1.‬‬ ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﻋﻤﻮﻣ ‬ ‫ﺁﺳﺎﻧﺴﻮ ﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻗﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﯼ ﻏﺮﺑ ‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪46‬‬  ‫ﭘﻼﻥ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺳﻮ ﻡ‬ ‫ﯽ ‪1.‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﻋﻤﻮﻣ ‬ ‫‪2.‬‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﮐﺎﻧﺪﯾﻨﺴ ﮑﯽ (ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺗ ﺨ ﺼ ﺼ ﯽ ﻣ ﺮ ﺑ ﻮﻁ ﺑ ﻪ ﻫ ﻨ ﺮ ﻫ ﺎ ﯼ ﻗ ﺮ ﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﺳﻨﺎﺩ)‬ ‫ﺁﺳﺎﻧﺴﻮ ﺭ‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪47‬‬  ‫ﭘﻼﻥ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﻡ‬ ‫ﮔﺎﻟﺮﯼ (ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻣﻮﻗﺖ) ‪1.‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪2.‬‬ ‫ﻓ ﻀ ﺎﯼ ﺭﺳ ﺎﻧﻪ ﻫ ﺎﯼ ﺩﯾﺠﯿﺘﺎﻝ (ﻓﯿﻠﻢ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺻﺪﺍ)‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺯﻩ ﺳﯿﻨﻤ ﺎ ‪3.‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪4.‬‬ ‫ﮔﺎﻟﺮﯼ ﻫﻨﺮﻫﺎﯼ ﮔﺮﺍﻓﯿﮏ (ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎﻩ‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﺖ)‬ ‫ﮔﺎﻟﺮﯼ ﻣﻮﺯﻩ (ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻣﻮﻗﺖ) ‪5.‬‬ ‫‪6.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺯﻩ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮ (ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫)ﻣﻮﺯﻩ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ‪34‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫ﺁﺳﺎﻧﺴﻮ ﺭ‬ ‫ﺁﺳﺎﻧﺴﻮﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫ﭘﻠﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ‪ 5‬‬ ‫ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ (ﺍﺯ ﭘﻠﻪ ﺑﺮﻗﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﯼ ﻏﺮﺑﯽ)‬ ‫‪48‬‬  ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﭘﻼﻥ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﭘﻨﺠ ‬ ‫ﯼ ‪1.‬‬ ‫ﻓﻀﺎﯼ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫ﯽ ‪2.‬‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺍﺱ ﻏﺮﺑ ‬ ‫ﯽ ‪3.‬‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺍﺱ ﺟﻨﻮﺑ ‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫ﯽ ‪4.‬‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺍﺱ ﺷﻤﺎﻟ ‬ ‫ﯼ ‪5.‬‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻫﺮﻭﯼ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫ﻥ ‪6.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺯﻩ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻣﺪﺭ ‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ﺁﺳﺎﻧﺴﻮ ﺭ‬ ‫ﺁﺳﺎﻧﺴﻮﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫ﭘﻠﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ‪ 4‬‬ ‫ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ (ﺍﺯ ﭘﻠﻪ ﺑﺮﻗﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﯼ ﻏﺮﺑﯽ)‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪49‬‬  ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﭘﻼﻥ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﺷﺸ ‬ ‫ﻥ ‪1.‬‬ ‫ﺭﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍ ‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫ﺱ ‪2.‬‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺍ ‬ ‫ﯼ ‪3.‬‬ ‫ﮔﺎﻟﺮ ‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ﺁﺳﺎﻧﺴﻮ ﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﻭﺝ (ﺍﺯ ﭘﻠﻪ ﺑﺮﻗﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﯼ ﻏﺮﺑﯽ)‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ (ﺍﺯ ﭘﻠﻪ ﺑﺮﻗﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﯼ ﻏﺮﺑﯽ)‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪50‬‬  ‫ﯽ‬ ‫ﺍ ﻗ ﻠﯿﻢ ﺁ ﺏ ﻭ ﻫﻮﺍﯾ ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﺭﯾﺲ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﯼ ﺁﺏ ﻭ ﻫﻮﺍﯾﯽ ﺍﻗﯿﺎﻧﻮﺳﯽ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺟﺒﻬﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻫﻮﺍﯼ ﺍﻗﯿﺎﻧﻮﺱ ﺍﻃﻠﺲ ﺷﻤﺎﻟﯽ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺳﺎﻟﯿﺎﻧﻪ ﭘﺎﺭﯾﺲ ‪ 15‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽ ﮔﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺛﺒﺖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﺭﯾﺲ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ‪ 40.4‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽ ﮔﺮﺍﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 1948‬ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺩﻣﺎﯼ ﺛﺒﺖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﯾﻦ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ‪ -23.9‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽ ﮔﺮﺍﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ‪ 1879‬ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺭﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﭘﺎﺭﯾﺲ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﻣﯽ ﺍﻓﺘﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ ﺑﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﺍﺵ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪51‬‬  ‫ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻨ ﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻧﻬﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻒ (ﭼﻮﺏ ﺳﻨﮓ ﺑﺘﻦ ﺁﻟﻮﻣﯿﻨﯿﻮﻡ)‬ ‫ﭘﺪﺳﺘﺎﻝ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺳﻘﻒ (ﻓﻮﻻﺩﯼ)‬ ‫ﻻﯾﻪ ﺭﻭﯼ ﭘﺪﺳﺘﺎﻝ (ﺩﺍﻝ ﺑﺘﻨﯽ)‬ ‫ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﻫﺎ ﺗﯿﺮﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺧﺮﭘﺎﻫﺎ (ﻓﻮﻻﺩ)‬ ‫ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﺳﻄﻮﺡ ﺑﯿﺮﻭﻧﯽ ﭘﻠﻪ ﺑﺮﻗﯽ (ﺷﯿﺸﻪ ﻭ ﻓﻮﻻﺩ)‬ ‫ﭘﺎﺭﺗﯿﺸﻦ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﯽ (ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﻭ ﭘﺎﻧﻠﻬﺎﯼ ﮔﭽﯽ ﺑﺘﻦ ﺳﺒﮏ ﺁﻟﻮﻣﯿﻨﯿﻮﻡ)‬ ‫‪52‬‬ ‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﯾﺎ ‬ ‫‪53‬‬