Sustainability Lecture Notes PDF

**SUSTAINABILITY** I. **Lecture** Sustainability involves recognizing the interdependence and complexity of systems. Sustainability is not just about being green; it has social and economic dimensions as well and it is a process, and it also depends on both local and global contex...

**SUSTAINABILITY** I. **Lecture** Sustainability involves recognizing the interdependence and complexity of systems. Sustainability is not just about being green; it has social and economic dimensions as well and it is a process, and it also depends on both local and global contexts. **[What is Sustainability?]** - It consists of fulfilling the needs of the currents generations without compromising the needs of future generations, while ensuring a balance between economic growth, environmental care, and social well-being. - In the year 1987, the United Nations Brundtland Commission described sustainability as "meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs". **[Types of Sustainability]** - Sustainability does not just refer to the environment, it needs to be enforced in many other ways too. Here are the various types of sustainability: a. ***Environmental sustainability*** occurs when humanity's rate of consumptions does not exceed nature's rate of replenishment and when humanity's rate of generating pollution and emitting greenhouse gases does not surpass nature's rate of restoration. It emphasizes biodiversity preservation without sacrificing economic and social progress. b. ***Social sustainability*** is the ability of a society to uphold universal human rights and meet people\'s basic needs, such as healthcare, education, and transportation. Healthy communities ensure personal, labour, and cultural rights are respected and all people are protected from discrimination. c. ***Economic sustainability*** is the ability of human communities around the world to maintain their independence and have access to the resources required to meet their needs. It means that secure sources of livelihood are available to everyone. **[United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)]** - One framework for incorporating sustainability into daily actions is the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Adopted unanimously by all United Nations member states in 2015, the 17 SDGs set out a plan of action to achieve a greener, more prosperous, and more equitable world by 2030. To gain an in-depth understanding of sustainability and its implications, it is essential to mention the Sustainable Development Goals. The SDGs were designed to be a practical implementation guide for sustainability, consisting of 169 specific targets and 231 measurable indicators. Here are the 17 sustainable development goals: 1. **No Poverty --** end poverty in all its forms everywhere. 2. **Zero Hunger --** end hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture. 3. **Good Health and Well-being --** ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages. 4. **Quality Education --** ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all. 5. **Gender Equality --** achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls. 6. **Clean Water and Sanitation --** ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all. 7. **Affordable and Clean Energy --** ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all. 8. **Decent Work and Economic Growth --** promote sustained, inclusive, and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment, and decent work for all. 9. **Industry Innovation and Infrastructure --** build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization, and foster innovation. 10. **Reduced Inequality --** reduce inequality with and among countries. 11. **Sustainable Cities and Communities --** make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable. 12. **Responsible Consumption and Production --** ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns. 13. **Climate Action --** take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts. 14. **Life below Water --** conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas, and marine resources for sustainable development. 15. **Life on Land --** protect, restore, and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss. 16. **Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions --** promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all, and build effective institutions at all levels. 17. **Partnerships for the Goals --** strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development. II. **Rationalization** Sustainability is a trademark that stems from discussions about the type of world we want to live in and is impacted by knowing about the ecological, social, and economical consequences of the choices we make. Santander Universidades. (2022, August 25). What is sustainability? Definition, types, and examples. Becas Santander.  United Nations. (n.d.). Sustainability.  **PEACE AND EDUCATION** I. **Lecture** Peace education is the process of acquiring values, knowledge, attitudes, skills, and behaviors to live in harmony with oneself, others, and the natural environment. **The Concept of Peace and Violence** - The concept of peace also has an important cultural dimension. Traditionally, for many people in the \"western world\", peace is generally understood to be an outside condition., while in other cultures, peace also has to do with inner peace (peace in our minds or hearts). **Peace, human security and human rights** War and violence inevitably result in the denial of human rights. Building a culture of human rights is a pre-condition to achieving a state of peace. Sustainable, lasting peace and security can only be attained when all human rights are fulfilled. Building and maintaining a culture of peace is a shared challenge for humankind. ***What is peace?*** A culture of peace will be achieved when citizens of the world understand global problems, have the skills to resolve conflicts and struggle for justice non-violently, live by international standards of human rights and equity, appreciate cultural diversity, and respect the Earth and each other.  ***What is violence?*** Violence is a complex concept. Violence is often understood as the use or threat of force that can result in injury, harm, deprivation or even death. It may be physical, verbal or psychological. **TYPOLOGY OF VIOLENCE (DSC TRIANGLE)** ***Direct Violence*** ***Structural Violence Cultural Violence*** **DIRECT VIOLENCE** Direct violence refers to physical injuries and the The simple formula of infliction of pain that is direct violence is the caused by a specific following. person. It may also take the Subject -Action - form of verbal and Object psychological abuse. Killing and beating in interpersonal situation are the glaring examples of direct violence. **INDIRECT VIOLENCE** Structural violence refers to discrimination, deprivation, social What is structural injustice, inequality violence? between men and women, and denial of human rights. This type of violence is rooted in social structure. **INDIRECT VIOLENCE** Cultural violence is seen as the source of other types of violence through What is cultural its production of hatred, violence? fear and suspicion. Religion, ideology and art may be pointed out as possible sources of cultural violence. **Peace Education as Transformative education** **Peace education that promotes a culture of peace. It seeks this transformation by building awareness and understanding, developing concern, and finally, challenging personal and socio action that will enable people to create conditions and systems that actualize nonviolence, justice environmental care.** **Peace Education as Practical Alternative** **This means that the learning process that is utilized in peace in education is holistic and it tries to address the cognitive, affective and active dimensions of the learner.** **Educating for peace will give us in the long run the practical benefits that we seek. As stated earlier it is expected to build a critical mass of people who will demand for and address the needed personal and structural changes that will transform the many problems that relate to peace into nonviolent, humane and ecological alternatives and solutions.** **Peace Education challenges the long-held belief that wars cannot be avoided. Often this belief is based on an underlying view that violence is inherent in human nature.** **Peace Education's Scheme of Knowledge, Skills and Attitudes/Values** **Attitudes/Values** **Betty Reardon, in her groundbreaking book, Comprehensive Peace Education: Educating for global responsibility (1988) reminds us that peace education has an important social purpose. It seeks to transform the present human condition by "changing social structures and pattern of thought that have created it."** **Learning to Abolish War; Teaching toward a Culture of Peace (Reardon and Cabezudo, 2002). In the latter, it states that the main purposes of peace education are the elimination of social injustice, the rejection of violence and abolition of war.** **The following schema is an attempt to list the key knowledge areas, skills, attitudes and values that are integral to peace education.** ***Skills*** **Some of the skills that need to be developed are:** **1. Reflection** **2. Critical thinking and Analysis** **3. Decision-making** **4. Imagination** **5. Communication** **6. Conflict resolution** **7. Empathy** **8. Group Building** ***Attitudes*** **1. Self-respect** **2. Respect for others** **3. Gender Equality** **4. Respect for Life/Nonviolence** **5. Compassion** **6. Global Concern** **7. Ecological Concern** **8. Cooperation** **9. Openness & Tolerance** **10. Justice** **11. Social Responsibility** **12. Positive vision** ***Knowledge/Content Areas*** **1.Holistic Concept of Peace** **2.Conflict and Violence** **3. Some peaceful alternatives** **Disarmament** **Nonviolence-Philos. & Practice\|** **Conflict Resolution,** **Transformation and Prevention** **Human Rights** **Human Solidarity** **Democratization** **Development Based on Justice** **Sustainable Development** II. **Rationalization** Peace education can transform people's mindsets with regard to the inevitability of war and can in fact enable people to see that alternatives exist and that there are ways by which violent conflict can be prevented. Peace education or an education that promotes a culture of peace is essentially transformative. It cultivates the knowledge base, skills, attitudes and values that seek to transform people's mindsets, attitudes and behaviors that, in the first place, have either created or exacerbated violent conflicts. https://prezi.com/yxh5tdw07uyv/peace-education-as-transformative-education/