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This document discusses lipids, including their types and functions in the human body. It provides information on various aspects of lipids, such as different categories of lipids.
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Li piﻮﻥds ﺪﻫﻟ ﺍ ﺎﺕ ﺒﻳ ﺬﻤﻟ ﻭﺏﻓﻲﺍ ﺬﺎﺗ ﻬﻨ ﻜﻟ ﺀﻭﺎ ﻤﻟ ﻭﺏﻓﻲﺍ ﺬﺗﺔﻻ...
Li piﻮﻥds ﺪﻫﻟ ﺍ ﺎﺕ ﺒﻳ ﺬﻤﻟ ﻭﺏﻓﻲﺍ ﺬﺎﺗ ﻬﻨ ﻜﻟ ﺀﻭﺎ ﻤﻟ ﻭﺏﻓﻲﺍ ﺬﺗﺔﻻ ﻧﺴﺎ ﺘﺠﺮﻣ ﻴﺔﻏ ﻴﻮﺟ ﻟﻮﻴ ﺎﺕﺑ ﺒﻛ ﺮﻫﻲﻣ ﺍﺧﻞﺟﺴﻢﺍ ﻮﻥﺩ ﺪﻫﻟ ﻘﻞﺍ ﺘﻨﻡ.ﺗ ﺭﻮﻓ ﻭﺭﻮ ﻠﻜﻟ ﺍ ﻳﻦﻭ ﺰﻨﺒ ﻟﺍ ﻻﺮﻭ ﺜ ﺜﻞﺍﻳ ﺔ(ﻣ ﻴﺒﻗﻄ ﺍﻼﻟ ﺔ)ﻳ ﻮﻌﻀ ﻟﺍ Li popr otei ﺔns ﻴﻨﺎﺕﺩﻫ ﻨﻴ ﺗﻭﺮ ﻜﻞﺑ ﻠﻰﺷ ﻡﻋﺪ ﻟﺍﺎﻥﻓﻲ ﻧﺴﻹ Li pidCl assi fi cat iﻮﻥon ﺪﻫﻟ ﺍﻴﻒ ﻨﺗﺼ : ﻊﻴﻣ ﺎﺔﻣﺠ ﺛﻟﻰﺛﻼ ﺍﻮﻥ ﺪﻫﻟ ﺍﻨﻒ ﺗﺼ ﻤﻞ ﺗﺸSiﻭ mpl eLi piﺔds ﻴﻄﺒﺴ ﻟﺍ ﻮﻥﺪﻫ ﻟ-ﺍ 1 Fat, Oil ﻮﺕﻳ ﺰﻟ ﺍﻮﻥﻭ ﺪﻫﻟ ﺍ- ﺍ ﺔ ﻴﻤﻟﺸﺤ ﺍﻮﻻﺕ ﻜﺤﻟ ﺍ ﺎﺕﻭ ﻴﻌﻤ ﻟﺸﺍ -ﺏ CompoundsLi piﺔds ﺒﻛﺮ ﻤﻟﺍ ﻮﻥﺪﻫ ﻟ-ﺍ 2 ﻤﻞ ﺗﺸﻭ phosphol i pids(phosphst iﺔ)des ﻳﺭﻮ ﻔﻔﺴ ﻟﺍﻮﻥ ﺪﻫﻟ ﺍ- ﺍ ﻴﻦ ﻟﺎ ﻔﻴﻟﺴ ﺍ ﻴﻦﻭ ﺜﻴﻴﺴ ﻠﻟ ﺍﺜﻞ ﻴﻦﻣ ﻭﺟﺮ ﺘﻴﻨ ﻟﺍ ﺔﻋﻰ ﻳﻭﺎ ﻟﺤﺍ ﺔﻳﺭ ﻮﻔﻔﺴ ﻟﺍﻮﻥ ﺪﻫﻟ ﺍﻭﻫﻲ ﻴﻦ ﺒﻟ ﻮﻳﺩ ﺭﺎﻜ ﻟﺍﺜﻞ ﻴﻦﻣ ﻭﺟﺮ ﺘﻴﻨ ﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﻦ ﻴﻟﺎ ﻟﺨﺍ ﺔﻳﺭ ﻮﻔﻔﺴ ﻟﺍﻮﻥ ﺪﻫﻟ ﺍ ﻭ Spi ngol i piﺔds ﻴﻟﻮ ﻜﻨﻴ ﻔﻟﺴ ﺍﻮﻥ ﺪﻫﻟ ﺍ- ﺏ ﺍﺕ ﺪﻴﻣ ﺍﺮﻴ ﻟﺴﺍ ﻴﻦﻭ ﻴﻠ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻮﻛ ﻮﻨﻔ ﻟﺴﺍ ﺜﻞﻣ Di ri vedLi pids ﺔ ﻘﺘﻤﺸ ﻟﺍﻮﻥ ﺪﻫﻟ -ﺍ3 ﺍﺕ ﺪﻳﻭ ﺮﺘﻴ ﻟﺴﺍ ,ﺎﺕ ﻨﻴ ﺑﺮﺘ ﻟﺍ ,ﺔﻴ ﻨﺪﻫ ﻟﺍﻣﺾ ﺍﻮﻟﺤ ﺍﺜﻞ ﻣ : ﻮﻥﺪﻫ ﻠﻟﺔ ﻴﻮﺟ ﻟﻮﻴ ﺒﻟ ﺍﺭﺍ ﻭﺩﺍﻷ ﺃﻫﻢ ﺭ9 ﺍﺪﻘ ﻤﺔﺑ ﻗﺎﺪﻃ ﻟﻮﺪﻫﻦﻳ ﻟﺓ1ﻏﻢﻣﻦﺍ ﺪﻛﺴ ﻴﺚﺍﻥﺃ ﺔﺣﻗ ﺎﻟﻄ ﺎ ﻟﺠﺴﻢﺑ ﺰﺍﻬ -ﺗﺠ 1 1 ﺎﺕ ﻨﻴ ﺗﻭﺮ ﺒﻟ ﺍﻩﻭ ﺮﻌﻮﺳ ﻠﻴﺪ4ﻛ ﻟﻮﺍﺕﻳ ﺭﺪﻴ ﻮﻫﺑ ﺮﻜﻟ ﺓﺍﻏﻢﻣﻦﺍ ﺪﻛﺴ ﺎﺃﻤ ﻨﻴﻩﺑ ﺮﻌﻮﺳ ﻠﻴﻛ ﻩ ﺮﻌﻮﺳ ﻠﻴ5.ﻛ 5 ﺋﻲﻓﻲ ﺎﺑ ﺮﻬﺯﻝﻛ ﺎﻌﻤﻞﻛ ﻌﻴﺚﺗ ﺔﺣﻴ ﺒﻌﺼ ﻟﺔﺍ ﻧﺴﺠ ﺍﻷﺎﻍﻭ ﻣﺪﻟ ﻴﺐﺍ ﻛﺮﺪﺧﻞﻓﻲﺗ -ﺗ2 ﺔ ﻴﺒﻌﺼ ﻟﺍﺍﺕ ﺯﺎ ﻌﻳﺍﻻ ﻘﻞﺔﻧ ﻴﻠﻤ ﻋ ﻼﻡ ﺑﺯ ﻮﺗﻭ ﺮﺒﻟ ﺍ ﺔﻭﻳ ﻮﻠﻟﺨ ﺍﺔﻴ ﺍﻷﻏﺸ ﻴﺐﻛ ﺮﺪﺧﻞﻓﻲﺗ -ﺗ3 ﻴﺐ ﻛﺮﺘ ﻟﺎﻓﻲﺍ ﻬﻌﻪﻣ ﺑﺎ ﺘﺸﺘﻲﺗ ﻟﺍ ﺀﻭﺎ ﻤﻟ ﺔﻓﻲﺍ ﺒﺋﺍ ﺬﻟ ﺮﺍﻴ ﺎﺕﻏ ﻨﻴ ﻣﺎﺘ ﻴﻔﻟ ﺎﺍﻬ ﻴﻭﺏﻓ ﺬ-ﺗ 4 K, E, D,A: ﻴﻦﻣ ﺎﺘﻴ ﺜﻞﻓ ﻣ ﻤﻞ ﻌﻴﺚﺗ ﻴﻦﺣ ﻳﺍ ﺮﻟﺸ ﻠﺐﺍ ﺗﺼﻡﻭ ﺪﻟﻐﻂﺍ ﻠﻰ ﺿ ﺔﻋﻓﻈ ﺎﻤﺤ ﻟﺎﻓﻲﺍ ﻤﻬﺍﻣ ﺭﻭﻌﺐﺩ ﻠ-ﺗ 5 ﺬﻱ ﻟﺍﻳﻦ ﺪﻧﻛﻼ ﺎﺘﻭﺳ ﺮﺒﻠ ﻟﺍﺕ ﺪﻟ ﻮﻤﻛ ﻠﺐ ﺗﺼﻡﻭ ﺪﻟﺍ ﻐﻂﻠﻰ ﺿ ﻓﻆﻋ ﺎﺎﻳﺤ ﻤﺀ(ﻣ ﺎﻠﺴ ﻤﻟ ﺍﺔ) ﻤﺎﻋ ﻨﻟ ﺍﻌﻀﻼﺕ ﻟﺍﺎﺕ ﻠﺼﻘ ﺰﺗﻔ -ﻳﺤ 1 ﻴﻦ ﻳﺍ ﺮﻟﺸ ﺍ ﻮﻥ ﻣﺮﻬ ﻟﺍﻌﺾ ﺮﺑﻴ ﺛﺄ ﻠﻰﺗ ﺮﻋﻴﻄ -ﻳﺴ 2 ﺎ ﻳﺭ ﺪﻧﻮ ﻛﻮﺘ ﻳﺎ ﻤﻟ ﺎﺕﻓﻲﺍ ﻧﻭﺮ ﺘﻜﻟ ﺔﻟﻼ ﻠﻗﺎ ﻨﻟ ﺎﺕﺍ ﺒﻛ ﺮﻤﻟ ﻌ ﺾﺍ ﻴﺐﺑ ﻛﺮﺪﺧﻞﻓﻲﺗ -ﻳ3 ﺔ( ﻴﻔﺴ ﻨﺘﻟ ﺍﺔﻠ ﻠﺴﻟﺴ ﺍﻤﻦ )ﺿ Si mpl eLi piﺔds ﻴﻄﺒﺴ ﻟﺍ ﻮﻥﺪﻫ ﻟﺍ -1 Fat, Oil ﻮﺕﻳ ﺰﻟ ﺍﻮﻥﻭ ﺪﻫﻟ -ﺍ1 ﺋﻲ ﺎﻴ ﻤﻴﻜ ﻟﺍﻴﺐ ﻛﺮﺘ ﻟﺍ Tr igl ycer iﺔde ﻤﻳﺪ ﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤ ﺘﺴﻟ ﺍ 2 Tr iacy lgl ycer olﺔ ﺜﻳﺪ ﻟﺤﺍ ﺔﻴﻤ ﺘﺴﻟ ﺍ Fat ty ﺔ ﻴﻨﺪﻫ ﻟﻣ ﺾﺍ ﺍﻮﻟﺤ ﻊﺍGlﻣ ycer ﻭﻝol ﺮﻴﺴ ﻠﻜﻠ Estﻟ ﺮer ﺘﺓﻋﻦﺍﺳ ﺭﺎﺒ ﻫﻲﻋ ﻪ ﻧﺎ (ﻓﺔ)OH ﻴﻠﻴ ﻛﺴﻭ ﺭﺪﻳ ﺎﻊﻫ ﻴﻣﺎ ﺔﻣﺠ ﺛﻠﻰﺛﻼ ﻮﻱﻋ ﺘﻭﻝﻳﺤ ﺮﻴﺴ ﻠﻴ ﻜﻟﺎﺍﻥﺍ ﻤﺑ ,Aciﻭ ds ﺓ ﺩﺎﻮﻥﻋ ﻜﻳﺔﻭ ﻔﻠﺘ ﺍﺕﻣﺤ ﺮﺘ ﻮﻥﺍﺳ ﻜﻳﺔﻭ ﻴﻨﺪﻫ ﻟﻣ ﺾﺍ ﺍﻮﻟﺤ ﺎﺕﻣﻦﺍ ﺌﻳ ﺰﺔﺟ ﺛﻊﺛﻼ ﺪﻣﺘﺤ ﻳ ﺜ ﻤﻰﺑ ﻳﺴﺔﻭ ﺒﻄﺗ ﺮﻤﻟ ﺔﺍﻴ ﻨﺪﻫ ﻟﻣ ﺾﺍ ﺍﻮﻟﺤ ﺩﺍﺪ ﻠﻰﻋ ﺪﻋﻤ ﺘﻌﻟﻚﻳ ﺫﻼﻲﻭ ﺍﺛﺛ ﺋﻲﻭ ﺎﻨ ﻭﺛﺩﻱﺍ ﺎﺍﺣ ﻭﻝ ﺮﻴﻴﺴ ﻠﻜﻟ ﺍﻴﻞ ﺍﺳﻼﻲ ﺛ Tr igl ycer iﺔﻫﻲdes ﻤﻳﺪ ﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤ ﺘﺴﻟ ﺍ Tr iacy lgl ycer olﺔﻫﻲ ﺜﻳﺪ ﻟﺤﺍ ﺔﻴﻤ ﺘﺴﻟ ﺍ ﺩ ﻮﻮﺟ ﻤﻟﺍ ﻨﻲﺪﻫ ﻟﺍﻣﺾ ﺎﻟﺤ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﺩﻮ ﻌﺔﺗ ﻠﻳﻮ ﺔﻃﻠ ﻠﺴﺍﺕﺳ ﻴﻞﺫ ﻜﻟﺍ ﺎﺕﻮﻋ ﻤR1,ﻫﻲﻣﺠ R2, R3 ﺓ ﺪﺍﺣ ﺔﻭﻭﺟ ﺩﺰﺓﻣ ﺮﻠﻰﺍﺻ ﻊﻋﻴ ﻣﺎﻤﺠ ﻟﻩﺍ ﺬﻮﻱﻫ ﺘﺪﺗﺤ ﻗ,Glﻭ ycer iﺪ de ﻳﺮﻴ ﻴﺴﻠ ﻜﻟ ﻓﻲﺍ ﻨﻲ. ﺪﻫﻟ ﺍﻣﺾ ﺎﻟﺤ ﺍﺔﻴ ﻮﻋﻨ ﻟﺎﻌ ﺒﺮﺗ ﺜﻛﺃ ﻭﺃ Li ﺰpase ﻴﺒﻳ ﺍﻼ ﻳﻢﻟ ﺰﻧﻌﻞﺍ ﻔﺎﺑ ﻴﺋ ﺎTrﻣ igl ycer iﺔdes ﻴﻄﺒﺴ ﻟﻮﻥﺍ ﺪﻫﻟ ﻠﻞﺍ ﺘﺤﻜﻦﺍﻥﺗ ﻤﻳﻭ ﻭﻝ ﺮﻴﻴﺴ ﻠﻛﺔﻭ ﻴﻨﺓﺩﻫ ﺩﺎﻟﻚﻣ ﺘﺞﻋﻦﺫ ﻨﻳ ﻭ ﻪ ﻴﻨﺪﻫ ﻟﺍﻣﺾ ﺍﻮﻟﺤ ﺍ )(RCOOH ﻴﻞﻛﺴ ﻮﺑﺭ ﺎﻜﻟ ﺍﺭﺬ ﺔﺟﻳ ﺩﺎﺃﺣ ﻪﻴﻧ ﻮﺑﺭ ﺎﻛﻭ ﺭﺪﻴ ﻣ ﺾﻫ ﺍﻮ-ﻫﻲﺣ 1 ﻡ ﻮﻤﻌ ﻟﺍﻠﻰ ﺔﻋﺮﻋ ﻔﺘﺮﻣ ﻴﺔﻏ ﻴﻘﻠ ﺮﺣﻴ -ﻏ2 ﺓ ﺩﺎﻪﻋ ﻠﺋ ﺎﻮﻥﺳ ﻜﺗﺔﻭ ﻌﺒﺮﻣﺸ ﻴﻮﻥﻏ ﻜﺪﺗ ﻭﻗﺃ ﺓﺩﺎ ﻪﻋﺒ ﻠﻮﻥ ﺻ ﻜﺘﻲﺗ ﻟﺍ ﻪﻭﻌ ﺒﻮﻥﻣﺸ ﻜﺪﺗ -ﻗ3 ﺮﻣﻦ10 ﺜﻛ)ﺃ ﺔﻠﻠﺴ ﻟﺴﺔﺍ ﻠﻳﻮ (ﻭ ﻃ ﻮﻥﺃﺭﺑ ﺎﻩﻛ ﺭ10-ﺫ ﺔ)4 ﻠﻠﺴ ﻟﺴﺓﺍ ﺮﻴﻮﻥﻗﺼ ﻜﺪﺗ -ﻗ4 ( ﻮﻥﺭﺑ ﺎﺍﺕﻛ ﺭﺫ 3 : ﻠﻲﻳ ﺎﻤﻪﻛ ﻳﻭﺎ ﻳﺰ ﻴﻔﻟ ﺍﻮﻥ ﺪﻫﻟ ﺍﺍﺹ ﻮﻠﻰﺧ ﺮﻋﺛ ﺆﺎﻳ ﻬﻴ ﻮﻥﻓ ﺑﺭﺎ ﻜﻟ ﺍﺔﻠ ﻠﺴﻮﻝﺳ -ﻃ5 ﺎ ﺭﻫﺎ ﻬﻧﺼ ﻪﺍﺭﺟ ﻮﻥﺩ ﻜﺔﺗ ﻠﻠﺴ ﻟﺴﺔﺍ ﻠﻳﻮ ﺔﻃﻴ ﻤﻣ ﺾ ﺷﺤ ﺍﻮﻠﻰ ﺣ ﺔﻋﻳ ﻭﺎﻟﺤ ﻮﻥﺍ ﺪﻫﻟ -ﺍ ﺎ ﻬﻧ ﺎﻴ ﻠﺔﻏ ﺭﺟ،ﺩ ﺎﻥﺑ ﻭﺬﻟ ﺍﻪﺒ ﻌ،ﺻ ﻩﺮﻳ ﺎﺘﻄ ﺮﻣﻴ ،ﻏﻪ ﻳﺩﺎ ﻴﺘ ﻭﻑﺍﻻﻋ ﺮﻟﻈ ﺍﺔﻓﻲ ﺒﻠ،ﻭﺻ ﺔﻌﻔ ﺗﺮﻣ chy lomi crﻜﻞones ﻠﻰ ﺷ ﻤﻒﻋ ﻠﻟ ﺔﺍﺍﺳﻄ ﻮﺀﺑ ﺎﻌﻣ ﻘﻞﻣﻦﺍﻻ ﺘﻨﺍﺗ ﺮﻴ ﺍﺧﺔﻭ ﻌﻔﺗ ﺮﻣ . (ﻪﻓ ﺎﺜﻪﻛ ﻴﻨﻴ ﺪﻫﻟ ﺍﺎﺕ ﻨﻴ ﺗﻭﺮ ﺒﻟ ﺍﺮﻐ ﺍﺻ( ﺎ ﺭﻫﺎ ﻬﻧﺼ ﺔﺍﺭﺟ ﻮﻥﺩ ﻜﺘﺔﻓ ﻠﻠﺴ ﻟﺴﻩﺍ ﺮﻴﺔﻗﺼ ﻴﻤﻣ ﺾﺷﺤ ﺍﻮﻠﻰﺣ ﺔﻋﻳ ﻭﺎﻟﺤ ﻮﻥﺍ ﺪﻫﻟ ﺎﺍﻣ ﺍ ﺘ ﺺﻣﻦ ﻤﺍﺗ ﺮﻴ ﺍﺧﺔﻭ ﻔﻀﻨﺨ ﺎﻣﻬ ﻧﺎ ﻴﻠ ﻪﻏﺭﺟ ﺩﺎﻥ، ﺑﻭﺬ ﻟﻪﺍ ﻠﻬ،ﺳ ﻩﺮﻳ ﺎﺘﻄ ﻣ،ﺔ ﻠﺋ ﺎ،ﺳ ﺔﻔﻀ ﻨﺨﻣ . ﺓﺮﺎﺷ ﺒﻡﻣ ﺪﻟﺍ essent iﺔal ﻴﺎﺳ ﺔﺍﻻﺳ ﻴﻤﻟﺸﺤ ﺎ ﺽﺍ ﻤﺎﺍﻻﺣ ﻬﻴ ﻠﻠﻖﻋ ﺔﻳﻄ ﻴﻤﺎ ﺽﺷﺤ ﻤﺎﻙﺛﻼﺙﺍﺣ ﻨ-ﻫ 6 ﻳﻖ ﺮﺎﻋﻦ ﻃ ﻬﻟ ﻭﺎ ﻨﻪﻳﺠﺐﺗ ﻴﻠﻟﺠﺴﻢﻭﻋ ﺍﺧﻞﺍ ﺎﺩﻬ ﺋﺎ ﻨﻜﻦﺑ ﻤﻳﺘﻲﻻ ﻟfﻭﻫﻲﺍ att yaci ds ﻤﻞ ﺗﺸﺔﻭ ﻌﺒﺮﻣﺸ ﻴﻮﻥﻏ ﻜﻣﻲﻭﻫﻲﺗ ﻮﻴﻟ ﺍﺀﺍ ﺬﻐﻟ ﺍ l i nol eni ﻨﻚc ﻴﻟ ﻮﻨ ﻴﻟﻣﺾ ﺎﻭﺣ 18: 2∆ 9, 12l i nol eiﻴﻚ c ﻟﻮﻨ ﻴﻟﻣﺾ ﺎﺣ 20: 4 ∆5, 8, 11, 14 ar achi doni ﻧﻚc ﻭﺪﻴ ﺍﺟﺭ ﺍﻣﺾ ﺎ18:ﻭﺣ 3 ∆9, 12, 15 ﺮﻭ ﻌﻟﺸ ﻠﻰﺍ ﻠﻲﻭﻋ ﺎﺳﻨ ﺘﻟ ﺯﺍﺎ ﻬﻟﺠ ﺍ ﻮﻭﻤ ﻨﻟ ﻠﻰﺍ ﺮﻋﺛ ﺆﺬﻱﻳ ﻟﻳﻦﺍ ﺪﻧﻛﻼ ﻮﺘﻭﺳ ﺮﺒﻠ ﻩﻟﺪ ﻟﻮﻭﻫﻲﻣ . ﺪﻠ ﻟﺠﺍ ﻴﻦ ﺗﺮﺍﺻ ﻠﻰﺔﻋ ﻌﺒﺮﻣﺸ ﻴﺀﻏ ﺍﻮﺘ ﺍﺣﺣﺔ ﻟ ﻓﻲ ﺎ ﺔﻭﻌ ﺒﺔﻭﻣﺸ ﻌﺍﺒﺎﻣﺸ ﻣﺍﺔ ﻴﻤﻟﺸﺤ ﺍﻣﺾ ﺍﻮﻟﺤ ﺍ -7 - -ﻠﻲCH2 ﻴﺜ ﺔﻣﻮﻋ ﻤﺎﻣﺠ ﻤﺋ ﺍﺎﺩ ﻤﻬﻨ ﻴﻔﺼﻞﺑ ﻴﺔﻓ ﻭﺟﺩ ﺰﻤﻟ ﺍﺮﺍﺻ ﻭﻣﺍﻻ ﺮﻦ ﺜ ﻛﺍﻭ ﺍ ﺍ ﻤﻞﺗﺤ ﻭ CH2-CH=CH-CH2-CH=CH-CH2 ci ﻜﻞ s ﻟﺸﺍ ﺓﺩﺎ ﺔﻋﻭﺟ ﺩﺰﻤ ﻟﺍﻩ ﺮﻻﺻ ﺔﻫﻲ ﻴﻤﻟﺸﺤ ﺍﻣﺾ ﺍﻮﻟﺤ ﺍﺔﺑ ﺎﺘ ﻜﻟﺔ ﻣﺎﻌ ﻟﺍﺓ ﺪﺎﻋ ﻘﻟ ﺍ- 8 ﺔ ﻭﺟﺩ ﺰﻤﻟ ﻩﺍﺮ ﺎﻥﺍﻻﺻ ﻜﻴﻦﻣ ﻴﻌﺍﺗ ﺮﻴ ﺍﺧﺔﻭ ﻭﺟﺩ ﺰﻤﻟ ﺮﺍﺍﺻ ﻭﺩﺍﻻ ﺪﺍﺕﺛﻢﻋ ﺭﺬﻟ ﺩﺍﺪ ﻪﻋﺑ ﺎﺘ ﻛ ﻴﻞ ﻛﺴﻮ ﺑﺭﺎ ﻜﻠ ﻟﺔﻠ ﻣﺎ ﻟﺤﺍ ﻮﻥﺑ ﺭﺎ ﻜﻟ ﺍﺓﺭ ﺍﻣﻦﺫ ﺀﺍ ﺪﺘﺑ ﺍ 7C(OOH 7C(H=CH (CH2(CH3 CH2 18: ﺎ1 ∆9 : ﺜﻝﻣ ﺎ ﻬﻤﺍﻫ ﻡﻭﺪ ﻟﻼﺎﺍ ﻣﺪﻓﻲﺑﺯ ﻮﺟ(ﺗ FFA)f reef att yaci ﻩdﺮ ﻟﺤﺔﺍ ﻴﻤﻟﺸﺤ ﻣ ﺾﺍ ﺍﻮﻟﺤ ﺍ -9 4 ﻣﺍﻻ ﺔﻊﻠ ﺘﺼﻼﺎﻣ ﻣﺒﺯ ﻟﻟﻰﺍ ﻘﻞﺍ ﻨﺗ ﺔﻭﻧ ﻭﺰﻤﺨ ﻟﻡﺍ ﻮﻟﺸﺤ ﺭﻣﻦﺍ ﺮﺘﺤ ﺎﺗﻬ ﻧﺭﻙﺍ ﺎﺘ ﻴﻟﺴ ﺍ ﻴﻚﻭ ﺘﻤﻟ ﺎ ﺒﻟ ﺍ ﺘﻚﻭ ﻤﻟ ﺎﺒ ﻟﺎﺍﻥﺍ ﻤﻠ ﻪﻋﻧ ﺍﺪ ﺒﻟ ﺪﺍﻨ ﺮﻭﻋ ﻜﻟﺴ ﺮ ﺽﺍ ﺣﻪﻣ ﻟ ﺩﻓﻲ ﺎ ﺍﺩﺰ ﻮﻯFFAﻳ ﺘ.ﺍﻥﻣﺴ ﻴﻦﻣ ﻮﺒﻟ . ﺔﻌﺒ ﺔﻣﺸ ﻴﻤﻣ ﺾﺷﺤ ﺍﻮﺭﻙﻫﻲﺣ ﺎﺘ ﻴﻟﺴ ﺍ ﻠﻰ ﻜﻞ%45ﻭﻫﻲﺍﻋ ﺬﻱﻳﺸ ﻟﻴﻚﺍ ﻟﻭﻣ ﺾﺍﻻ ﺎ:ﺣ ﺔﻌﺒ ﺮﻣﺸ ﻴﺔﻏ ﻴﻤﻟﺸﺤ ﻣ ﺾﺍ ﺍﻮﻟﺤ -ﻣﻦﺍ 10 ﺔ ﻌﺒﻤﺸ ﻟﺔﺍ ﻴﻤﻟﺸﺤ ﻣ ﺾﺍ ﺍﻮﻟﺤ ﻌﻈﻢﺍ ﻣﺮﻱﻭ ﺒﺸﻟ ﺪﻫﻦﺍ ﻟﺔﻓﻲﺍ ﻴﻤﻟﺸﺤ ﻣ ﺾﺍ ﺍﻮﻠﺤ ﺔﻟﺒ ﻧﺴ ﺍﻻ ﻣﺾﺎ ﺎﺣﻣ ﺎﻮﻱﻫ ﻴﻟﺤ ﺍﺎﺕ ﻴﻟ ﺎﻌ ﻔﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨ ﺛﺍﻴﻚ ﻟﻭﺍﻻ ﻣﺾﺎ ﻟﻰﺣ ﺍﻮﻝ ﺘﺤﺀﺗ ﺍﺬﻐ ﻟﺍﻩﻓﻲ ﺫﻮﺎﺧ ﻤﻟ ﺍ ﺭ ﺎﻔﺪﻭﺻ ﺒﻜﻟ ﺍ ﺎﻍﻭ ﻣﺪﻟ ﺓﻓﻲﺍ ﺮﺜﻜ ﻩﺑﺩ ﻮﻮﺟ ﻤﻟﻴﻦﺍ ﻟﺎ ﻔﻴ ﻜﻟﺍ ﻴﻦﻭ ﺜﻴﻴﺴ ﻠﻟ ﺪﻓﻲﺍ ﻮﺟﻴ ﻧﻚﻓ ﻭﺪﻴ ﺭﺟ . ﻳﻦﺪ ﻧﻛﻼ ﻮﺘﻭﺳ ﺮﺒﻟ ﺍﻠﻖ ﻧﻚﻳﺨ ﻭﺪﻴ ﺍﺟﺭ ﺍﻻﻣﺾ ﺎﻣﻦﺣ ﻴ ﺾﻭ ﺒﻟ ﺍ ﺔ ﻌﺒﻤﺸ ﻟﺍﻪ ﻴﻤﻟﺸﺤ ﺍﻣﺾ ﺍﻮﻟﺤ ﺍ 14C(OOH (CH3 CH2 Pal mit icAci ﻴﻚ d ﺘﻤﻟ ﺎ ﺒﻟ ﺍﻣﺾ ﺎ:ﺣ ﺜﻞﻣ 16C(OOH (CH3 CH2 St ear icAci ﺭﻙ d ﺎﺘ ﻴﻟﺴ ﺍﻣﺾ ﺎﺣ ﺔ ﻌﺒﺮﻣﺸ ﻴﻪﻏ ﻴﻤﻟﺸﺤ ﺍﻣﺾ ﺍﻮﻟﺤ ﺍ Ol eicaci d ﻴﻚ ﻟﻭﺍﻻ ﻣﺾﺎ -ﺣ1 7COOH ( 7- CH=CH- ((CH2 (CH3 CH2 18: ﻪ= 1 ∆9 ﻴﻤﺘﺴ ﻟﺍ ﻩ ﺪﺍﺣ ﺔﻭﻭﺟ ﺩﺰﻩﻣ ﺮﺍﺻ ﻠﻰﻭﻱﻋ ﺎﺣ l i nol eicaci ﻴﻚ d ﻟﻮﻨ ﻴﻠ ﻟﺍ ﻣﺾﺎ -ﺣ2 ﻴﻦ ﺘﻭﺟ ﺩﺰﻴﻦﻣ ﺗﺮﺍﺻ ﻠﻰﻭﻱﻋ ﺎﺣ ( 4-CH=CH- CH2- CH=CH- ((CH2 (CH3 CH2 18: 2 ∆9, ﻪ= 12 ﻴﻤﺘﺴ ﻟﺍ l i nol eni caci ﻨﻚ d ﻴﻟ ﻮﻨ ﻴﻠ ﻟﺍ ﻣﺾﺎ -ﺣ3 ﺔ ﻭﺟﺩ ﺰﺮﻣ ﺍﺻﻭ ﺍﻠﻰﺛﻼﺙ ﻭﻱﻋ ﺎﺣ 7COOH ( CH3CH2- CH=CH- CH2- CH=CH- CH2- CH=CH- (CH2 18: 3 ∆9, 12, ﻪ= 15 ﻴﻤﺘﺴ ﻟﺍ 5 ar achi doni caci ﻧﻚ d ﻭﺪﻴ ﺍﺟﺭ ﺍﻻﻣﺾ ﺎ-ﺣ 4 ∆5, 8, 11, ﻪ= 14 ﻴﻤﺘﺴ ﻟﺍ 20: 4 ﻮﻉwaxes ﻤﻟﺸ ﺍ ﺍﺕﺳﻼ ﺫﻴﻞﻭ ﻛﺴﻭ ﺭﺪﻴ ﻬﻟ ﺭﺍﺬ ﺔﺟﻳ ﺩﺎﻮﻻﺕﺍﺣ ﻜﺤﻟ ﻌ ﺾﺍ ﻊﺑﻤﻲ ﻣ ﻟﺸﺤ ﻣ ﺾﺍ ﺎﻠﺤ ﻟﺮﺘ ﻫﻲﺍﺳ ﺔ ﻠﻳﻮ ﺳﻞﻃ ﻌﺴﻞ ﻟﺍﻊ ﻤﺎ:ﺷ ﺜﻝﻣ 16C(H3 (CH2 (29 (CH3 CH2 My ricy lst ear ate ﻊ ﻤﻟﺸ ﻠﻒﻋﻦﺍ ﺘﻮﻳﺨ ﺎﺕﻭﻫ ﺗﺎ ﺒﻨ ﻟﺍ ﺎﺕﻭ ﻧﺍ ﻮﻴﻟﺤ ﻮﻥﻣﻦﺍ ﺪﻫﻟ ﻟﻰﺍ ﻤﻲﺍ ﺘﻨﺬﻱﻳ ﻟﻊﺍ ﻤﻟﺸ ﺘﺞﺍ ﻨﻳ - ﻧﻲ ﺪﻌﻤ ﻟﺍ ﺎﺕ ﺗﺎ ﺒﻨ ﻟﺍ ﺔﻭﻬ ﻛﺍﻮ ﻔﻟﺍﻕﺍ ﺭﻭﻠﻰﺍ ﻳﺶﻭﻋ ﺮﻟ ﺍﺪﻭ ﻠﻟﺠ ﺔﺍﻳ ﺎﻤﺎﺕﻟﺤ ﻘﺒ ﻜﻞ ﻃ ﻊﺑﺸ ﻤﻟﺸ ﺪﺍﻮﺟ -ﻳ ﻩ ﺮﻘﺸ ﻟﻴﺐﺍ ﻛﺮﺪﺧﻞﻓﻲﺗ ﺎﺕﺗ ﻴﻌﻤ ﻟﺸﺎﺍﻥﺍ ﻤﺔﻛ ﺑﻮﺮﻃ ﻟﺍﻥﺍ ﺪﻘﺎﺕﻣﻦﻓ ﺒﻨ ﻟﺔﺍ ﻳﺎﻤ ﺔﻟﺤ ﻴﻗﺍ ﺮﻟ ﺍ . ﺍﺕﺮ ﻟﺤﺸ ﺍﺍﻉﻣﻦ ﻮﻧ ﺍﺓﺪ ﻌﻟﺔ ﻴﺭﺟ ﺎﻟﺨ ﺍ ﻮﻝ ﻣﻤﻲ+ ﻣ ﺾﺷﺤ ﺎﺪﻣﻦﺣ ﺍﺣﻮﻝﻭ ﺘﺞﻣﻦﻣ ﻨﻊﻳ ﻤﻠﺸ ﻤﻲﻟ ﻳﺰﻧ ﺍﺍﻻ ﻣﻀﻲ ﻭ ﺎﻟﺤ ﻠﻞﺍ ﺘﺤﻟ ﺍ - . ﺔﻠ ﻳﻮﻪﻃ ﻠﻠﺴ ﻭﺳﻮﻝﺫ ﻣﻦﻛﺤ ﻮﻥﻣﻦ ﻜﺘﺬﻱﻳ ﻟmyﺍ ricy lpal mit atﺮe ﺍﺧﺎﻝ ﺜﻣ 29OHmy ricy l ( 14COOHPal mit icaci (d+ CH3 (CH2 (CH3 CH2 al cohol 6 29C(H3 (CH2 (14 (CH3 CH2 ﻌﺴﻞ ﻟﺍﻊ ﻤﺷ React ionsofsi mpl eli piﺔds ﻴﻄﺒﺴ ﻟﻮﻥﺍ ﺪﻫﻟ ﺎﻋﻼﺕﺍ ﻔﺗ Hy drol ysi sofl i pids ﻮﻥ ﺪﻫﻟ ﺍﻠﻞ ﺗﺤ- 1 : ﺮﻕﻭﻫﻲ ﺓﻃﺪ ﻌﺔﺑ ﻴﻤﺎ ﺽﺷﺤ ﻤﺃﺣ ﻭﻝﻭ ﺮﻴﻴﺴ ﻠﻟﻰﻛ ﻮﻥﺇ ﺪﻫﻟ ﺍﻠﻞ ﺘﺤﺃﻥﺗ ﻜﻦﻤ ﻳ : ﺔﻴﻤ ﻳﺰﻧ ﺍﻻ- ﺍ ﺰ ﻳﺮﺘ ﻳﺴﺍ Liﻭ ﺰpase ﻴﺒﻳ ﻳﻢ ﻻ ﺰﻧﺜﻞﺃ ﺔﻣﻤ ﺎﺿﻬ ﻟﺓﺍ ﺎﻨ ﻘﻟ ﺔﻓﻲﺍ ﻤﺎﺿ ﻬﻟ ﺎﺕﺍ ﻴﻤﻳ ﺰﻧﺪﺍﻻ ﻮﺟﺗ . ﻟﺠﺴﻢ ﺍﻩﺭ ﺍﺮ ﻪﺣﺭﺟ ﺪEstﺑ erase 7 8 9 ﻣﻀﻲ ﺎﻮﻥﻓﻲﻭﺳﻂﺣ ﺪﻫﻟ ﺍﻠﻞ ﺗﺤ- ﺏ ﺔﻓﻲﻭﺳﻂ ﻴﻤﺎ ﺽﺷﺤ ﻤﺍﺣ glﻭ ycer ﻟﻰol ﺜﻞHCLﺍ ﻣ ﺾﻣ ﺎﺩﺣ ﻮﻮﺟ ﻮﻥﺑ ﺪﻫﻟ ﻠﻞﺍ ﺘﺤﺗ . ﻮﻥﺪﻫ ﻠﻟﻳﺐ ﺬﻤﻮﻝﻛ ﻜﺤﻟ ﺍﻤﻞ ﻌﺘﻴﺚﻳﺴ ﺎﻥﺣ ﻴﻠ ﻐﻟ ﺍﻩﺭ ﺍﺮ ﻪﺣﺭﺟ ﺪﺑﻣﻀﻲﻭ ﺎﺋﻲﺣ ﺎﻣ ﺋﻲ ﺎﻤ ﻟﺍﻠﻞ ﺘﺤﻟ ﺍﻪﻴ ﻠﻤﺮﻓﻲﻋ ﺘﺍﻻﺳ ﺑﻂﺍ ﻭﺔﻣﻦﺭ ﺑﻄﺍ ﻟﻰﻛﻞﺭ ﺍﺀﺎ ﺔﻣﺌ ﻳﺰﺎﻑﺟ ﻪﺗﻀ ﻧﺍﻭﻼﺣﻆ ﻧ . ﻳﺖﺰ ﻟﺍﻭ ﺍﺪﻫﻦ ﻟﺍﺪﻣﻦ ﺍﺣﻳﺊﻭ ﺰﻴﻞﺟ ﻠﺘﺤ ﻟﺀﺎ ﻤﻟ ﺍﺎﺕﻣﻦ ﺌﻳ ﺰﻡﺛﻼﺙﺟ ﺰﻠﺍﻳ ﺬﻟ Saponi fi cat iﺒﻦ on ﺘﺼﻟ ﺍ- 2 ﺪ ﺍﻋﻮ ﻘﻟﻊﺍ ﺎﻣﻬ ﺘﻠ ﻣﺎ ﻌﺪﻣ ﻨﺔﻋ ﻴﻤﻟﺸﺤ ﺎ ﺽﺍ ﻤﻣﻼﺡﺍﻻﺣ ﺍﻭﻝﻭ ﺮﻴﺴ ﻠﻟﻰﻛ ﻮﻥﺍ ﺪﻫﻟ ﻠﻞﺍ ﻮﺗﺤ ﻫ ﺋﻖ ﺎﻗ ﻜﻞﺩ ﻮﻥﺑﺸ ﻜﺘﺔﻓ ﺒﻘﻄ ﺘﻤﺴ ﻟﻮﻥﺍ ﺪﻫﻟ ﺎﺕﺍ ﻔﺎﺻ ﻬﻟﻮﻥﻭﻫﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﺼ ﺎ ﻣﻼﺡﺑ ﻩﺍﻻ ﺬﺪﻋﻰﻫ ﺗﻭ ﻟﻰ ﺔﺍﻴ ﻠﻴ ﻮﻛﺴ ﺑﺮﺔﻛ ﺒﻘﻄ ﺘﻊﻣﺴ ﻴﻣﺎ ﺎﻣﺠ ﻬﺘﻲﻟ ﻟﻳﻼﺕﺍ ﺬﻤﻟ ﻮﻥﺍ ﻜﺒﺐﺗ ﺀﺑﺴ ﺎﻤﻟ ﺔﻓﻲﺍ ﻳﻭﺮ ﻏ ﺎ ﻬﻌﻀ ﻩﻋﻦﺑ ﺪﺎﻋ ﺒﺘ ﻮﻥﻣ ﻜﺗﻮﻝ -OH,+Hﻭ ﻠﻤﺤ ﻟﺎﺕﺍ ﻧﻮﻳ ﻊﺍﺎﺱﻣ ﻤﻠﻰﺗ ﻮﻥﻋ ﻜﺘﺭﺝﻓ ﺎﺧ - ﺒ ﻘﻄﺘ ﻤﺴﻟ ﺮﺍﻴ ﺔﻏﻴ ﻧﻮﺑ ﺭﺎ ﻛﻭﺭ ﺪﻴﻬ ﻟﻊﺍ ﻴﻣﺎ ﻤﺠﻟ ﺎﻙﺍ ﻨﻬ ﺍﺧﻞﻓ ﺪﻟ ﻟﻰﺍ ﺎﺍ ﻣ(ﺍﺔ)COO ﻨﻟﺸﺤ ﺒﺐﺍ ﺑﺴ . ﺔ 10 ﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﺼ ﺍ ﻴﺚ ﺒﻦﺣ ﺘﺼﻟ ﺍﻠﻰ ﺔﻋﻴ ﻠﺑ ﺎﻘ ﻟﺍﺎ ﻬﻟﻘﻂ ﺎﻓﻬ ﺒﻴﻛ ﺍﺮﺔﻓﻲﺗ ﻴﻤﺎ ﺽﺷﺤ ﻤﺍﺣ ﻠﻰﺔﻋ ﻳﻭﺎ ﻟﺤﺍ ﻮﻥﺪﻫ ﻟﺍ ﻭ ﻴﻦ ﻤﻟﻰﻗﺴ ﺍﻘﺴﻢ ﺗ : ﺔﻨﺒ ﺘﺼﻤ ﻟﺍﻮﻥ ﺪﻫﻟ ﺍ- ﺍ ﻤﻞ ﺗﺸﻩﻭ ﺪﺎﻋ ﻘﻟ ﺍﻊﺎﻋﻞﻣ ﻔﺘﻟ ﺍﻠﻰ ﺔﻋﻴ ﻠﺑ ﺎﻘ ﻟﺍﺎ ﻬﻟ ( ﺔﻴﺒ ﻘﻄﻟ ﺍﻮﻥ ﺪﻫﻟ ﺍﺎﻣﻦ ﻤ)ﻭﻫ ﺔﻳﺭ ﻮﻔﻔﺴ ﻟﺍﻮﻥ -ﺩﻫ ﺔ2ﻴ ﻟﻮﻜ ﻨﻔﻮﻥﺳ ﺩﻫ- 1 ﺎ ﻬﺒ ﻴﻛﺍ ﺮﺔﻓﻲﺗ ﻴﻤﺎ ﺽﺷﺤ ﻤﺍﺣ ﻠﻰﻮﻱﻋ ﺘﺎﺗﺤ ﻬﻠ ﻮﻉﻛ ﻤﻟﺸ ﺍ- ﻪ4ﻴ ﺛﺜﻼ ﻟﺍﺍﺕ ﺪﻳﺮ ﻴﻴﺴ ﻠﻜﻟ ﺍ- 3 : ﺔﻨﺒ ﺘﺼﺮﻣ ﻴﻐﻟ ﺍﻮﻥ ﺪﻫﻟ ﺍ- ﺏ ﺍﺕ ﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﻛﻼ ﻮﺘﻭﺳ ﺮﺒﻟ ﺍ- 1 ﺎﺕ ﻨﻴ ﺑﺮﺘ ﻟﺍ -2 ﺍﺕ ﺪﻳﻭ ﺮﺘﻟﺴ ﺍ -3 . ﺒﻦﺘﺼ ﻟﺍﻠﻰ ﻪﻋﻴ ﻠﺑ ﺎﻘ ﻟﺍﻪ ﻠﻭﻝﻓ ﺮﻴﺴ ﻠﻜﻟ ﺍﺮﺘ ﺍﺳﺎ ﻣﺮ ﺍ ﻟﺤﺍ ﻭﻝﺮ ﻴﺴﻠ ﻜﻟ ﺍ- 4 ﺒﻦ ﺘﺼﻟ ﺍﻗﻢ ﺭ ﻗﻢ ﺮﻟﺍﺍ ﺬﻡﻫ ﺪﺘﺨ ﻳﺴﺪﻫﻦﻭ ﻟﺪﻣﻦﺍ ﺍﺣﻡﻭ ﺍﺮﺔﻏ ﻨﺑﻮ ﺔﻟﺼ ﻣﺯﺍﻼ ﺓﻟ ﺪﺎﻋ ﻘﻟ ﺎﺕﺍ ﻣﺍ ﺮﻠﻲﻏ ﺩﻣﺪ ﻋ ﻣﻞ ﺎﻌﻮﻥﻣ ﻜﺓﻳ ﺮﻴﺔﻗﺼ ﻠﻠﺴ ﻟﺴﻧﺖﺍ ﺎﺎﻛ ﻤﻠ ﻴﺚﻛ ﻤﻲﺣ ﻟﺸﺤ ﻣ ﺾﺃ ﺎﻠﺤ ﻟﺔﻠ ﻠﺴﻟﺴ ﻮﻝﺍ ﺔﻃﻓ ﺮﻌﻤ ﻟ . (ﻜﺴﻲ ﺎﺳﺐﻋ ﻨﺗ ﻟﻲ) ﺎ ﺔﻋﻨ ﺑﻮﻟﺼ ﺍ 11 ﺔ ﺭﺟﺪ ﻬﻟﺍ ﺔ ﻓﺎﺎﺿ (ﺑﺔ ﻌﺒﻣﺸ ﺔ)ﺒ ﻠﻮﻥ ﺻ ﻟﻰ ﺩﻫ (ﺍﺔ ﻌﺒﻤﺸ ﻟﺮﺍ ﻴﻮﻥ ﻏ ﺪﻫﻟ ﺍ ﻮﺕ) ﻳﺰﻟ ﻮﻝﺍ ﻮﺗﺤ ﻫ ﺪ ﺎﻋﻣﻞﻣﺴ ﺎﺩﻋ ﻮﻮﺟ ﻊﺑﺒ ﺮﻣﺸ ﻴﻐﻟ ﻤﻲﺍ ﻟﺸﺤ ﻣ ﺾﺍ ﺎﻟﺤ ﺔﻓﻲﺍ ﻭﺟﺩ ﺰﻤﻟ ﺮﺍﺍﺻ ﻭﻟﻼ ﻴﻦﻭﺟ ﺭﺪﻴ ﻬﻟ ﺍ . ﺎﺔ ﻋﻴ ﻩﻟﺭ ﺍﺮ ﺎﺕﺣ ﺭﺟﻓﻲﺩ (ﻭNi ﺜﻞ) ﻣ ﺎﺕ ﻨﻴ ﻮﺟﻟ ﺎ ﻬﻟﺍ ﻪﻓﺎ ﺍﺿ- 4 ﺮ ﺍﺻﻭ ﻟﻰﺍﻻ Brﺍ ,Cl, ﺎﻑI ﻳﻀ ﻨﻲ ﺪﻫﻟ ﻣ ﺾﺍ ﺎﻟﺤ ﺔﻓﻲﺍ ﻭﺟﺩ ﺰﻤﻟ ﺍ ﺩﻓﻲﺍﻝ ﻮﻮﺟ ﻤﻟﻊﺍ ﺒﺮ ﻣﺸ ﻴﻐﻟ ﺍ Tr igl ycer ide ﺩﻱ ﻮﻴﻟ ﺍﻗﻢ ﺮﻟﺍ (ﻣﻦ ﺔﻓﻲ)100gm ﻭﺟﺩ ﺰﻤﻟ ﺮﺍﺍﺻ ﻭﻟﻰﺍﻻ ﺎﻑﺍ ﻤﻀﻟ ﺩﺍﻮ ﻴﻟﺎﺕﻣﻦﺍ ﻣﺍ ﺮﻠﻲﻏ ﺩﻣﺪ ﻮﻋﻫ ﻣﺾ ﺍﻮﻟﺤ ﺔﻣﻦﺍ ﻠﻴﻠ ﺔﻗﻴ ﻤﻠﻰﻛ ﺎﻋﻬ ﺋﺍ ﻮﺘﺮﻻﺣ ﻴﻐﺪﻫﻦ ﺻ ﻠﺩﻱﻟ ﻮﻴﻟ ﻗﻢﺍ ﺮﻟﻮﻥﺍ ﻜﻳﺪﻫﻦﻭ ﻟﺍ ﺓ ﺮﻴﺒ ﺔﻛﻴ ﻤﻠﻰﻛ ﺎﻋﻬ ﺋﺍ ﻮﺘﺮﻻﺣ ﺒﻛ(ﺍ Inumber ﺔ)ﻤ ﻴﻘﻮﺕﻓ ﻳﺰﻟ ﺎﺍﻣ ﺔﺍﻌ ﺒﺮﻣﺸ ﻴﻐﻟ ﺔﺍﻴ ﻨﺪﻫ ﻟﺍ . ﺎﻥﺘ ﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﺬﻳﺖﺑ ﺜﻞﺯ ﺔﻣﻌ ﺒﺮﻣﺸ ﻴﻐﻟ ﺍﺔﻴ ﻨﺪﻫ ﻟﺍﻣﺾ ﺍﻮﻟﺤ ﺍﻣﻦ Ranci dit ﺔyﻧﺨ ﺭﺰﻟ ﺍ -5 12 ﺔ ﻬﻳﺮ ﺔﻛﺋﺤ ﺍﺭ ﻌﻢﻭ ﺎﻃﻬ ﻟﺒﺢ ﺍﺻﺔﻭ ﻠﻳﻮ ﺓﻃﺮ ﺘﻔﻟ ﻛﺖﺮ ﺘﻲﺗ ﻟﺍﻮﻥ ﺪﻫﻟ ﺍﻠﻰ ﻠﻖﻋ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡﻳﻄ ﻮﻫ ﺎ ﻤﻧﺦﻫ ﺭﺰﺘ ﻠﻟﻴﻦ ﻌﺋﺎ ﻟﺸﺍ ﻴﻦﻮﻋ ﻨﻟ ﺍﻭ Hy drol yti cRanci dit y:( ﻮﻥﺪﻫ ﻠﻟﺋﻲ ﺎﻤ ﻟﺍﻠﻞ ﺘﺤﻟ ﺍﻧﺦ ﺰﺗ ﻠﻲ) ﻴﻠ ﺘﺤﻟ ﺍﻧﺦ ﺭﺰﺘ ﻟﺍ -ﺍ ﺮﻙ ﺗﻮﻴ ﺒﻟ ﺍﻣﺾ ﺎﺎ:ﺣ )ﺜﻝ ﺓﻣﺮ ﻴﺔﻗﺼ ﻠﻠﺴ ﺍﺕﺳ ﺔﺫﻴ ﻤﻣ ﺾﺷﺤ ﺍﻮﻠﻰﺣ ﻮﻱﻋ ﺘﺘﻲﺗﺤ ﻟﺍﻮﻥ ﺪﻫﻟ ﺍ ﺔ ﺋﺤﺍ ﺎﺭﻬ ﺘﻲﻟ ﻟﺓ VFA