Chapter 14 Study Guide - Hematology Questions PDF

1. What % of blood is made of red blood cells a. 45% 2. What are the formed elements b. RBC, WBC, Platelets(cell fragments) 3. In addition to other factors, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ has an influence on determining blood volume. c. Percent Body fat 4. What type of formed elem...

1. What % of blood is made of red blood cells a. 45% 2. What are the formed elements b. RBC, WBC, Platelets(cell fragments) 3. In addition to other factors, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ has an influence on determining blood volume. c. Percent Body fat 4. What type of formed element is most abundant d. Red blood cells eukaryotes 5. What type of blood cell is biconcave and lacks a nucleus when they are mature e. Red blood cells 6. Which cell type is an agranulocyte f. Lymphocytes & monocytes 7. What describes platelets g. Thrombocytes/ small disc-shaped cell fragments 8. What is the primary function of lymphocytes h. Immune support act against foreign substances 9. In the absence of [\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_], vitamin B12 is poorly absorbed. i. Intrinsic factor 10. Biliverdin and bilirubin are pigments that result from the breakdown of j. Hemoglobin specifically the heme part of it. 11. What is the order of the breakdown products of hemoglobin k. Hemoglobin heme biliverdin bilirubin 12. Iron is a component of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. l. Heme 13. Which of the formed elements releases serotonin m. Platelets 14. Which WBCs function as a phagocytes n. Neutrophils and monocytes 15. How does heparin prevent the clotting of blood o. inhibits formations of prothrombin activator and the action of thrombin on fibrinogen 16. When does cyanosis occur p. Deoxyhemoglobin are abnormally high 17. Underlying cause of sickle cell disease q. Gene mutation 18. What form of anemia is caused by destruction of bone marrow r. Aplastic anemia 19. What type of white blood cell is important in immunity s. Lymphocytes 20. diapedesis definition t. white blood cells move through cell walls 21. Following an injury, what stimulates the blood vessels in the area to spasm u. Vascular spasm due to serotonin released by platelets 22. The hormone \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ controls red blood cell production via a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ feedback mechanism. v. Erythropoietin, negative 23. Creatinine is an example of what type of plasma component w. NPN nonprotein Nitrogenous substances 24. Plasma electrolytes include x. Sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, bicarbonate, phosphate 25. difference between serum and plasma y. serum does not have fibrinogen where plasma does 26. thrombus definition z. blood clot that forms abnormally in the blood vessel of the heart 27. Prothrombin time blood test is used to evaluate which clotting mechanism a. Extrinsic mechanism 28. Thrombocytopenia definition b. A below normal platelet count 29. What type of antigens are found on the surface of red blood cells of a person with type AB blood c. A and B antigens 30. What determines an individual\'s blood type? d. Protein antigens on surface of RBC 31. In what situation might erythroblastosis fetalis occur e. When pregnant woman with negative Rh is pregnant with an Rh+ fetus and only first pregnancy 32. What is true about a person who is Rh-negative f. Does not have Rh antigen (D) 33. What are universal precautions g. Using PPE and hand washing with all patients 34. Describe leukemia h. Overproduction of abnormal white blood cells (immature, leucoblast) and affects blood marrow 35. What is the main function of plasma albumin i. Help maintain osmotic pressure 36. What is the least abundant leukocyte in a blood sample j. Basophil 37. what element is part of a hemoglobin molecule k. Iron 38. what are two substances that function to dissolve blood clots l. enzyme streptokinase and tPA (Tissue plasminogen activator) 39. Cyanosis is caused by an increased blood concentration of m. Deoxygenated hemoglobin (deoxyhemoglobin) 40. Hypoxemia stimulates release of n. Erythropoietin (EPO) 41. Platelets are cell fragments that are released by what type of cell o. Megakaryocytes 42. If blood is too viscous, what happens to blood flow p. Decreases and sluggish 43. Normal pH of blood q. 7.35-7.45 44. What is a normal hematocrit value? r. 45% 45. Typically, values such as hematocrit, RBC count, and hemoglobin concentration are higher in \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ s. Males than females 46. What is a hematocrit measuring t. \% of blood volume occurred by red blood cells 47. What is a normal white blood count u. 4,500 per microliters 48. What is the correct sequence for differentiation of a red blood cell v. Hemocytoblast myeloid stem cell erythroblast reticulocyte erythrocyte 49. What is pernicious anemia w. Lack of vitamin B12 50. What is hemolytic anemia x. Red blood cells break down faster than they can form 51. Why might elite athletes abuse erythropoietin (EPO) y. Enhanced endurance and performance (more oxygen to the muscles causing more ATP) 52. Definition of a pulmonary embolism z. Clot on pulmonary arteries 53. What blood type can successfully be given to a person with type AB blood a. All blood types 54. What is polycythemia b. Increased number of RBC 55. What is leukocytosis c. Elevated white blood cells