Trends, Network and Critical Thinking in the 21st Century PDF

**Trends, Network and Critical Thinking in the 21^st^ Century** **Quarter 3- Modules 1-8** **Writers:** Conrado M. Perez, LPCNSHS-CAA Campus Aquilino D. Salvador, CAA Campus Mary Rose B. Baita, LPCNSHS- Golden Acres Campus Glorefe C. Duro, LPCSNSHS, Doña Josefa Campus Marietta P. Paa, LPCTVSHS **Content Validator:** Conrado M. Perez, LPCNSHS-CAA Campus **Consolidator/Team Leader** Mary Jane Aranda, PES Camella Annex **Language Editor** Jeferson M. Lumbao, LPCNSHS - Golden Acres Campus +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Lesson** | **The difference between a trend | | | and a fad and how to spot a | | **1** | trend** | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **Most Essential Learning Competency** - - **What is it?** **The Meaning of Trend** **Examples of Trend\--** Mobile Apps, in-line Skating, organic food products, environmental industries, social media platforms. **The process of identifying a trend** **Trend analysis-***[ is the widespread practice of collecting information and attempting to spot a pattern, or trend, in the information.]* **Trend spotting-***[ is the identification of new trends or attempting to see the future.]* **Trend spotter -***[ is a person who notices and reports on new fashions, ideas, or activities that are becoming popular.]* **What is Fad**? **Fad**- the easiest way to categorize a fad is one word**: short-lived.** - Typically, fads last for a total of one season, but they can also last less than a month. Fads are novelty driven fashion choices. A fad is often referred to as "catching on" with the larger population. But will often fade as quickly as it appeared. The easiest way to remember a fad is through a simple alliteration: **fads fade**. Although engaging in fads can be fun, they are often not worth investing a large amount of money or time**.** Because fads are so unpredictable, they can be a high-risk venture. When a fad dies, it dies very quickly, and many businesses have been caught with a large product inventory that no one wants to buy. **Some examples are**: hula hoop, Rubik's cube, yo-yos, Cabbage Patch Kids, Pokemon, movies, books, song, television programs, Phrases, gestures, novelty products, toys and games are most common **Characteristics of a Fad:** **1**.*Fad is confined to a particular segment in society.* 2.*Fad is trivial because of its short life expectancy. It is prone to being outmoded.* 3.*Fad is not created, but it is revived from a style that existed all along in the lives of some subgroups.* **Process of Identifying a Trend:** A look becomes a trend if it undergoes the following stages**:** **1. Fringe Stage:** In this stage, an innovative idea, whether in the form of a new product, service or in other form, develops into the market or becomes known to the trendiest consumers. In this stage, entrepreneurial and business firms participate to develop and innovate ideas**.** **2. Trendy:** In this stage, consumer and public awareness of the trend grows as the early adopters participate together with the innovators to increase the perceptibility of the trend. During this stage, the most fashion --forward brands and retailers assess the viability of the concept. They usually conduct test-market research. **3.Mainstream:** During this stage, the "conservative consumers join the trend, the idea of popularity and acceptance continues to increase, the corporation and company brands exploit the growing demand for that idea. In this stage, the trend becomes the mainstream product or service. When it happens, a number of things may occur. **Elements of a trend:** **1. Duration of time-**Trends have longer staying power and enjoy a longer period of popularity. The lifespan of products or ideas that become trends does not disappear quickly as opposed to a fad. **2.Acceptability-**Trends are popularly accepted by many industries and people. It tends to stay longer, because they receive popular support from consumers and companies who believe in these trends as accepted ideas or patterns that can endure time. **3. Cultural basis-** A trend is rooted in the people's cultural traditions, beliefs, and values. A trend persists and continues, because people have seen it as part of their society's culture. It has a form of connection with a society's culture. **4.Transitory increase or decrease-** A trend shows a transitory increase or decrease of an idea, event, or phenomenon, but all trends have the potential to eventually slow down and decline. **Differences of Trends and Fad:** **1. Duration of time-** A fad product enjoys a few months of unexpected popularity. Trend has a more long-lasting effect in the marketplace. **2. Numbers of industries affected-** A fad often appears in a single industry and rarely crosses over into others. **3. Industry acceptance-**investing in a fad item is risky for companies known for setting trends. It can be very difficult to tell the difference between one and the other before the product or service reaches the buying public. **4.Consumer adoption and perception of overall quality-** Fad items rarely expected to stand for a longer period, but trends tend to survive decades in which they were created. Trends are items introduced in the market that have greater consumer adoption due to their effectiveness. Some fads that eventually lose the following are products of false advertising, so they eventually die a few months or years. **5. Reason for rise-**Trends have identifiable and explainable increases caused by consumers needs and in consonance with other consumer lifestyle trends. On the other hand, fads are determined by an emotional need to purchase based on publicity and fervent product opinions. **6. Incubation period and life span-**Trends develop slowly while fads increase, decrease, and eventually die out quickly. Trends have long staying power. Trends take longer to build, and their effects may be felt for years and sometimes even decades. **7.Scope-** trend usually includes several brands or products that are applicable to diverse consumer segments, while fad includes only a single brand or product and has limited appeal outside of one narrow consumer segment. **8. Cultural Roots-**Trends have deeper cultural roots than fads, because fads cross borders easily. Trends have cultural attachments to the society in which it is introduced. If a fad has no cultural connections with the people, its popularity and acceptability are short lived. **To become an innovator, we must learn how to scan the business world to discover these dawning trends and potential disruptors.** **Several determinants can affect a trend's duration, including:** - - - - - - - - **Processing Questions:** 1\. Why do trends enjoy greater popularity and support from the young generations? **2**. How trends affect the culture of the people? 3\. How can a fad become a trend? Can you give an example of a fad that became a trend? **Activity: EXPLAIN** Performance task: **My Idea of a Future Trend** Think of an idea in this time of pandemic that can be a trend. You can base your idea from what you have seen in television, in any newspaper or any other sources. Be able to explain how your idea can become a trend in the future. Use the different elements and characteristics of a trend to explain how it can be a trend. Be creative in explaining your idea to your classmates. 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| | | | | | _\_\_\ | points | | | | | | | maximum): | | | | | | | \ | | | | | | Main | A = 13 - | | | | | | Points | 15 | | | | | | \_\_\_\_\ | points\ | | | | | | _\_\_\ | B = 10 - | | | | | | | 12 | | | | | | | points\ | | | | | | Organizat | C = 7 - 9 | | | | | | ion | points\ | | | | | | \_\_\_\_\ | D = 4 - 6 | | | | | | _\_\_\ | points\ | | | | | | | F = 0 -- | | | | | | | 3** | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Style | | | | | | | \_\_\_\_\ | | | | | | | _\_\_\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Mechanics | | | | | | | \_\_\_\_\ | | | | | | | _\_\_\ | | | | | | | \ | | | | | | | Total | | | | | | | Points | | | | | | | \_\_\_\_\ | | | | | | | _\_ | | | | | | | = grade | | | | | | | of | | | | | | | \_\_\_\_\ | | | | | | | _\_** | | | | | +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+ +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Lesson** | **Parts of a whole, Emerging | | | Pattern, Causes and | | **2** | Consequences** | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **Most Essential Learning Competency** - - - **What is it?** **Critical Thinking Skill: Parts-to-Whole Thinking** **Why Parts is important?** There are many natural objects that are made up of several interlocking parts: the tree outside the window, the squirrel jumping onto the tree, the clouds above, the air itself, the jet fighter flying through the sky, and the solar system, galaxies, and the cosmos beyond. All of these consist of smaller parts which fit together to make the whole, but pieces are not only manmade and natural objects. There are sections even of abstract ideas. Many of the stories, films, cultures, religions all have component pieces. Arguments are made up of parts, but what is the point of knowing the parts? If the pieces were placed together in a different way, it would result in something different. Adjust one item in a recipe and the taste of the meal changes, right? So, there is a special relationship between the parts and the whole inside objects and ideas that makes the whole object, what it is, and that allows it to work the way it does. Therefore, in order to understand something, you really must understand its parts and its relationships to the whole. **Is Identifying Parts to Whole worth the study?** Understanding how each part contributes to the whole and the working of each part helps us understand the world around us. That means you can look at the pieces and find out which one led to the weird taste if the whole is goofed up -- say, the soup you cooked for dinner tastes bad -- then you can look at the parts and figure out which one contributed to that bad taste. In a broader sense, if your relationship with your spouse does not fit well, you can break it down and find out what part needs to be changed by understanding the parts of a relationship. **What can go wrong with thinking about Parts to Whole?** 1. 2. 3. Patterns -------- A [[pattern]](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/pattern.asp) is a sequence of data that is recognizably repeated. It can be identified in the history of the asset being evaluated or other assets with similar characteristics. Patterns include market volume analysis, as well as price research. Patterns can take place in a downward or upward trend, or they can mark the start of a new trend. Patterns are the distinguishing formations formed on a map by security price change. A pattern is defined by a line that links common price points, such as closing prices or peaks or lows. Chartists aim to recognize the future direction of the price of a security. There are patterns to the beginning, peak, and [[continuation]](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/continuationpattern.asp). A \"follow-through day\" pattern is an example of a pattern some analysts use to assess market bottoms. The topping pattern of \"[[head-and-shoulders]](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/h/head-shoulders.asp)\" is common among day traders and swing traders, while continuation patterns include the \"[[cup-and-handle]](https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/cupandhandle.asp),\" \"flat base,\" and \"three weeks tight.\" \"The trend is your friend\" is a popular catchphrase among technical analysts. Setting up a line chart will also identify a trend. The line formed between a high and a low is a trendline. If that line is going up, then the trend is up. The trendline is down if the trend line slopes. Trendlines are the bases of most patterns in the chart. **Identifying Emerging Patterns** Three components that should be searched for when identifying emerging patterns. **1. Apply the disruption theory.** Disruption reaches a market at the lowest level with a smaller, more affordable product, rather than beginning at the top with a large, costly product that competes directly with the product of the top business. (Think of the first Kia vs. GM\'s Cadillac cars.) How\'s it working out? It helps you to predict what the competition will do in response to what you are planning to do, and to predict whether their competitive response to what you are doing will kill off your new company. The traditional business model is the development of improved goods in search of profit, based on current successful ones. If you think that you can win based on the same profit model, rivals can kill your company off. However, if you come in with a cheaper commodity and a lower price at the bottom rung, and climb up slowly, the rivals won\'t bother staging a toe-to-toe battle. In another video, \"The Innovator\'s Prescription\" (from a Mayo Clinic conference in 2009), Christensen notes that IBM is the last original manufacturer of large computer equipment left standing because it has built up, over and over again, fresh, innovative business departments for new products, and scrapped outmoded ones, enabling it to grow. **2. What customers should I focus on?** Never go for an existing market if the idea relies on new technologies. Fight against non-consumption instead. For example, go after people who simply can\'t afford the product or service. Christensen offers Sony\'s illustration of introducing the \"crummy, tinny\" transistor radios. The company sold them to teenagers that allowed the teenagers to do things they had not been able to do before: have a portable radio. To this business sound didn\'t matter, just comfort. Then Sony did the same by bringing solid state \$99 TVs to people who couldn\'t afford the old tube consoles. The fresh, affordable TV was clearly better than nothing. Sony then only made better and better goods and shared them with their customers. This wiped out several businesses using vacuum tubes. Two other references here. Are there clients who want an electric car that won\'t go far or quick? Yes, teenage parents in suburbia. Are there people willing to settle for inexpensive solar panels that are sporadically unusable because U.S. companies are seven years away from what U.S. customers want? Yes, new emergent Asian and African markets. **3. How do you know if the customer will buy your product or service?** The question to ask is, "What is the job to be done?\" You need to consider what makes us purchase a product or service. It turns out neither propensity nor probability. So, it is the job to do with your product or service. A quick-food business sold a lot of milkshakes. Research has shown that they were mainly sold early in the morning to people who had long commutes driving alone. Milkshakes filled the bill better than donuts or bananas to keep these drivers alive for much of their traffic. Client is the wrong analytical tool. Understanding the work that the consumer is trying to do, we will build the product to get the job done. By applying the three steps of Christensen you can achieve the right business product and model for long-term success. Clayton Christensen is Kim B. Clark Professor of Corporate Administration at Harvard. He teaches Construction and Sustaining a Successful Enterprise. In 2011, Christensen was named as the world\'s most influential business thinker in a poll of thousands of executives, consultants and business school professors. **Causes and Consequences** **Causes** Each historical event took place as a result of a series of events that happened beforehand. Things which lead directly to another event are called causes. Some causes had occurred immediately before the event started, while others existed several years prior to causing the event. Short Term Causes are causes that had occurred only a few hours, days or weeks before the event. Long Term Causes are causes that had existed for years, decades or centuries before the event. Just because before the occurrence something happened doesn\'t mean it had triggered it. A trigger is something that has a direct impact on the case. Another way to think about it is to suggest that if the former had not existed, the latter occurrence would not have occurred. Not all the causes which lead to a specific historical event are as influential as one another. Some triggers are more prominent than others. **Assessing Causes** Example questions for assessing Causes: Why did the incident take place under examination? What earlier events were central to the occurrence of the checked event? What inspired those people who took part in this event? What were the economic, political, military or social motives leading to this event? **Consequences** Each historic occurrence has a flow-on impact on things that happen after it. Events that take place due to the incident being investigated are considered \'Consequences. \'Such consequences can include impacts on individuals, cultures, values or any other historical aspect. Short Term Consequences are the consequences that occurred only a few hours, days or weeks after the event. Long Term Consequences are the consequences that occurred years, decades or centuries after the event. The more you study history, the more you realize that consequences also become causes for other events. **Assessing Consequences** Example questions for assessing Consequences: What later events were the direct results of the event under examination? What [[changed]](https://www.historyskills.com/historical-knowledge/change-and-continuity/) in society as a result of the past event? What were the economic, political, military or social changes which resulted from this event? **Processing Questions ** 1. 2. 3. **Activity: Collage Making** **Instruction:** Create a collage on a long bond paper using magazines and newspapers pictures about emerging patterns. Collage Rubric Criteria Poor 2 pts. Fair 3 pts. Good 4 pts. Excellent 5 pts. ------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Content Knowledge The picture collage did not demonstrate student\'s understanding of gratitude and/or the assignment. The picture collage generally demonstrated student\'s understanding of gratitude and/or the assignment, but a few things were lacking. The picture collage clearly demonstrated the student\'s understanding of gratitude and/or assignment. The picture collage sincerely demonstrated the student\'s understanding of the gratitude assignment. Students added extra information above what was needed or discussed in class. Creativity Not much effort put into making the collage colorful, unique, or eye-catching. Some effort was given to make the collage interesting. The student demonstrated creative methods for designing a collage. Various materials were utilized, and colors were distributed. The student demonstrated creative methods for designing a collage. Various materials were utilized, and colors were distributed. It was very neat and appealing. Organization The pictures & words were not organized/ balanced and did not cover the bond paper area. Students did not include several types of pictures, words, art required for this assignment. The pictures & words were generally organized/ balanced but may not have covered the bond paper area. Students may not have included various types of pictures required for this assignment. The pictures & words were well organized and included several different types of media photos or art required for this assignment. The pictures were extremely well organized/ balanced and included several different types of pictures, words, drawings required for this assignment **PROCESS QUESTIONS:** 1. 2. 3. -- ----------------------------------------------- **Strategic Analysis and Intuitive Thinking** -- ----------------------------------------------- **Most Essential Learning Competency** - a. b. **What is it?** Decision-making is a part of our everyday lives. From choosing what clothes to wear, food to eat, music to listen to, what gadgets to buy, what tv show to watch, what business to open, all of these involve a certain way of thinking to be able to come up with a sound decision. According to the widely acknowledged dual process theory of cognition (Evans, 2008) there are two basic kinds of thinking processes or systems at work when we are reasoning, passing judgments or making decisions: **strategic analysis** and **intuitive thinking.** They are widely acknowledged as important tools in decision-making. **Strategic Analysis** is the process of examining, using one's rationality or reason, the organization's surroundings and resources and how they relate with each other to formulate a strategy to meet the objectives and improve performance. It is a process of developing strategy for a business by researching the business and the environment in which it operates. It is a form of thinking which is analytic, rule-based, conscious, explicit and slow. On the other hand, **intuitive thinking** is a phenomenon of the mind. It is defined as the ability to acquire knowledge without inference or the use of reason. It is characterized as a form of thinking which is intuitive, heuristic, unconscious, implicit, and fast. **KEY COMPONENTS IN STRATEGIC ANALYSIS** The components in strategic analysis enable an organization or institution to determine whether there are factors that will aid in the achievement of the specific objectives (due to an existing strength of the specific objectives), (due to an existing strength or opportunity) or if there are obstacles that must be overcome before the desired outcome can be realized (due to weakness or threats). The use of SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) analysis aims to identify the internal and external factors seen as important in achieving an objective. **Internal Factors** − the strengths and weaknesses internal to the organization. **External Factors** − the opportunities and threats presented by the environment external to the organization. These are presented as follows: **a. Strengths** -- These are the positive attributes internal to your organization and within your control. Strengths often encompass resources, competitive advantages, the positive aspects of those within your workforce and the aspects related to your business that you do particularly well, focusing on all the internal components that add value or offer you a competitive advantage **b. Weaknesses** -- These refer to the factors that are within your control yet hinders you to obtain or maintain a competitive edge such as lack of resources, limited access to skills or technology, limited expertise, substandard services or poor physical location. Weaknesses capture the negative internal aspects of your business that weaken the overall value of the products or services. This category can be extremely helpful in providing an organizational assessment, provided you focus on an accurate identification of your company's weaknesses. **c. Opportunities** --These pertain to the summary of the external factors that represent the motivation for your organization to exist and prosper. For example, in a business organization, these factors include the specific opportunities existing within your market that provide a benefit, including market growth, lifestyle changes, resolution of current problems or the basic ability to offer a higher degree of value in relation to your competitors to promote an increase in demand for your products or services. One element to be aware of is timing. For example, are the opportunities you are catering to ongoing or is there a limited window of opportunity? **d. Threats** -- These refer to the external factors beyond the control of your organization that have the potential to place your marketing strategy, or the entire business, at risk. The primary and ever-present threat is competition. However, other threats can include unsustainable price increases by suppliers, increased government regulation, economic downturns, negative press coverage, shifts in consumer behavior or the introduction of "leap-frog" technology that leaves your products or services obsolete. Although these forces are external and therefore beyond your control, SWOT analysis may also aid in the creation of a business. Analysis may view the internal factors as strengths or as weaknesses depending upon their effect on the organization's objectives. What may represent strengths with respect to one objective may be weaknesses (distractions, competition) for another objective. The external factors may include macroeconomic matters, technological change, legislation, and sociocultural changes, as well as changes in the marketplace or in a competitive position. SWOT Analysis is just one method of categorization and has its own weaknesses. For example, it may tend to persuade its users to compile lists rather than to think about actual important factors in achieving objectives. It also presents the resulting lists uncritically and without clear prioritization so that, for example, weak opportunities may appear to balance strong threats. It is prudent not to eliminate any candidate SWOT entry too quickly. The importance of individual SWOTs will be revealed by the value of the strategies they generate. A SWOT item produces valuable strategies. A SWOT item that generates no strategies is not important. **COMPONENTS OF INTUITIVE THINKING** There are five (5) components of intuitive thinking. These are: 1\. **Intuitive Thinking lacks rationalization.** It is not being orderly, as having no rationalization. It does not possess reason nor observation; little or no conscious deliberation and independently of any reasoning process. 2\. **Intuitive Thinking is not sequential.** Hayashi (2001) states that we are reaching conclusions on the basis of things that go on in our perceptual system, where we are aware of the result of the perception but we are not aware of the steps. Intuitive thinking is a nonlinear, nonempirical process. 3\. **Intuitive Thinking includes insight**. It is a deliberation -- without attention, that is, the mind is deliberating without any attention to that process, and at the end of that deliberation in the unconscious thought process, and there is an insight from the unconscious to the conscious. Intuition is a shortcut in that it bypasses the step by-step process. This explains the 'aha' sensation you experience when you learn something that you actually already know. 4\. **Immediacy** -- Intuitive thinking proceeds automatically, immediately interpreting the present relationship. An intuition occurs immediately with no planning. The person (intuited) can perform most effectively when he is not conscious. The hallmark of intuitive mode is seeing without glasses, hearing without filters, touching with ungloved hands (Noddings and Shore, 1984). Intuition does not imply accuracy, rightness or moral goodness, but it does imply commitment and clarity. Schon (1982) describes the immediacy of intuition as reflected by the getting of truth all at once without the time-consuming effort of deliberation. Mandler (1995) proposes the term "mind popping to explain thoughts and solutions that come to mind non-deliberately when one is engaged in intuition. 5\. **Intuitive thinking is sensing relationships**.The component of sensing relationships reflects the formulation of connections. This is based upon a person's knowledge structures which reflect his level of expertise. For example, a music composer formulates a series of notes of a certain pattern to make music. A designer selects a key piece of furniture to complement the décor. **Processing Questions** 1. 2. 3. **DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITY:** **MY PERSONAL SWOT ANALYSIS** As a senior high school student, one of your goals is to have a good academic performance so that you'll have good grades which in turn will give you an opportunity to get into respectable and good performing colleges and universities in the future. This early on, you should start planning or coming up with a strategic analysis to be able to achieve your goal, and what better way to do that than making your own SWOT analysis. Reflect on yourself and the things and people that surround while filling out the SWOT analysis form below. **Processing questions:** 1. 2. 3. +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Lesson** | **Apply Strategic Analysis and | | | Intuitive Thinking** | | **4** | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **Most Essential Learning Competency** 1. 2. **What is it?** **ATTAINING FACILITY IN STRATEGIC ANALYSIS** Strategic analysis helps you understand the company's strategic position. It is important to analyze environmental changes and find out how they can affect the manager and his employees. Strategic analysis aims to create a view of the key factors which can have an impact on the present and future performance of your company. If strategic analysis is carried out in a correct manner then it will help you choose the right strategy. Some key factors in strategic analysis are discussed briefly below. Understanding them can help you overcome difficulties. **a. The environment:** An institution (company, school, business, etc.) cannot exist without being able to interact with a complex commercial, economic, political, technological, cultural, and social environment. The institution is faced with changes to the environment, and a clear understanding of their impact is of great importance for the formation of a strategic plan. These external effects are called threats and weaknesses and they are part of the SWOT analysis. **b. The resources of your organization or institution:** Resources of the organization are internal influences. This strategic capability of your company can be seen as your strengths and weaknesses which can also be a part of your SWOT analysis. **c. The expectations of different stakeholders:** The development of your company or any institution also depends on the expectations of the stakeholders of your company. Their beliefs and assumptions constitute the culture of your company. For example, the thinking of two managers of different divisions may result in different conclusions about your strategy, though they are facing the same environmental conditions. Hence, many influences come from your stakeholders and the magnitude of their impact upon your strategy depends on the respective power of each group of stakeholders (i.e. the greater the power of a division in your company, the stronger their influence upon your strategic analysis). A reflection upon these key factors; your company environment, resources, expectations and objectives within the cultural and political framework of your company should be the starting point for the execution of your strategic analysis. **STRATEGIC CHOICE** After undertaking strategic analysis, you will be ready to make a strategic choice. A strategic choice is defined as the selection of the best possible course of action based on the evaluation of your available strategic options. **STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION** The final step, strategy implementation is defined as the way in which you will translate your strategy into actions. Strategic implementation requires careful planning and proper deployment of your company's resources, careful handling of possible changes in your organization structure and effective change management. Implementation of your strategy can take place in several stages **INTUITIVE THINKING AND HEURISTICS** Intuitive thinking is usually associated with thinking that makes use of ***heuristics.*** Heuristics are mental shortcuts or thinking maneuvers that enable the decision-maker to make quick judgments, evaluations or decisions often by simplifying difficult problems or tasks. They are likened to the "rules of the thumb" which lessen the time of decision-making and allow decisions to be made without much evaluation. let us examine some of the major forms of heuristics identified by psychologists: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. **INTUITIVE THINKING IN DEALING WITH VARIED ACTIVITIES** While intuitive thinking contrasts with analytical reasoning, intuition involves a particular type of reasoning. Intuition acts in a complementary fashion with reason, and it is impossible to isolate the two meticulously and discretely. The Intuitive process could be described as a mode of reasoning that ironically incorporates analytical processes while functioning in contrast to them. Some varied activities in which intuitive thinking can be used are as follows: 1\. An entrepreneur who suddenly has a brilliant idea, sees a potential business opportunity between her pizza delivery service and delivering processes to busy young professionals. The act of relating two services that initially seem unrelated occurs through insight---an intuitive thinking. 2\. Jumble word by methodically (not analytically), manipulating the order of the letters. 3\. Drawing analogies. This is correspondence between things otherwise dissimilar or that if two things are known to be alike in some respects, then they must be alike in other respects. 4\. Arrangement problems such as jigsaw puzzles and anagrams can be considered as problems for intuitive thinking. An insight problem can be solved in two (2) ways: feeling-of-warmth indicators and incubation. Incubation, or taking away from the content of interest is thought to facilitate solutions. **Processing Questions:** 1. 2. 3. **DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITY:** **SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS** Read the situation below. Choose a form of heuristic that can be applied in the situation and explain what your personal decision is in the given situation. Note that your decision should be supported by a form of heuristic. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ **Rubric for checking the essay:** **Scoring Rubrics** --------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------- **3** **2** **1** **Accuracy** The words used are spontaneous and grammatically fluent The words used are in taglish form and has grammatical problems **Relevance** The essay example shows his/her understanding of the topic. The essay satisfactorily shows his/her understanding of the topic The essay vaguely shows his/her understanding of the topic +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Lesson** | **The Concrete Effects of | | | Globalization and to One's Daily | | **5** | Life.** | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **Most Essential Learning Competency** - - **What is it?** Globalization is the keyword for the rise of global networks. Globalization is rooted from the word ***global*** which means that actions occur "across political and cultural boundaries, "which means "creates intensive as well as spatially extensive interconnections between a range of institutions, and actors and develops '" transnational processes, institutions, and actors; and develops "transnational processes, institutions, and ways of interpreting the world as a single space" (Holton, 2008, 6). **Globalization** is the process in which the economies of different countries around the world become increasingly assimilated over time. **Elements of Globalization** 1. **Privatization-** refers to the policies of the government to transfer government-owned corporations and sell them to the control of the private sector. When a government-owned company is privatized, it becomes profit oriented. In the Philippines, most of the government owned corporations that have been privatized are related to public services like electricity, water, transportation, and telecommunications. When these services became privatized, the cost of electricity, water, telecommunications services and even transportation became expensive because their private owners became profit-driven and no longer service-oriented. 2. **Deregulation** refers to the streaming of government's control over the industry for basic commodities like oil supply, water, and electricity.to deregulate means that the government will not anymore intervene with certain companies for as long they provide valid reasons for their courses of actions. 3. **Liberalization** is a policy wherein laws regarding restrictive importation of products are modified or totally abolished. Liberalization is done by amending or abolishing policies that restrict or limit the importation of goods in the form of tariffs and quotas. When it's implemented, products of developed countries can now penetrate the markets of developing countries and the least developed nations. **Types of Globalization** 1. **Economic Globalization** is an economic process that involves the movements of economic resources from one country to another. 2. **Cultural Globalization** like products, culture has also been commodified. When books, films, and music are released, they are not only sold in the United States or in Europe but they are alo sold and promoted in the international market. Whether it's the Harry Potter film and book or the new Justin Bieber album, these new trends are also popularized not just in developed countries but also in developing countries. A new trend that is developing in relation to cultural globalization in the North to the South flow of culture. In the last few years, western media owners have become interested in opening television channels in developing countries. 3. **Political Globalization** The establishment of regional globalization like the European Union (EU), ASEAN, and APEC aims to establish a world under a single government. The member-states of these organizations remain sovereign, but they are bound to perform obligations and follow commitments that they have signed when they joined these organizations. By doing so, they have, to a certain extent, bounded and integrated themselves to the policies of the concerned international organizations and groupings (PreserveArticles.com,2012). **Effects of Globalization** Some scholars believe that globalization is an important trend to promote economic development. According to John Williamson (1998), the chief economist for the South Asia Region at the World Bank, globalization has the following positive effects on the economy. 1. Globalization provides an increase in the level of global output. 2. Globalization brings the best technology and other forms of intellectual capital to the countries that cannot produce it. 3. International capital flows can transfer savings from countries where the marginal product of capital is low to those where it is high. 4. Globalization influences the distribution and levels of income. Globalization is also viewed negatively by other economists and scholars. Manuels Castells global network theorist contends that globalization has led to the erosion of cultural diversity, and it has produced a unified global system of culture and economic values. **Globalization on Labor and Migration** Change is inevitably in every aspect of life, both personal and social. Such change is experienced by people in various ways and in different magnitudes and consequences. The world today is significantly experiencing these changes in the field of environment, culture, politics and economics. **Understanding Globalization** Globalization is the most powerful force for change in the world today affecting all societies on the planet. It entails the movement of capital, free flow of goods and services, the increased mobility of individuals, and the expansions of multinational corporations and transnational organizations. Globalization has integrated the product and financial markets of economies around the world through the driving forces of trade and capital flows across borders. One of the goals of globalization is for the world to become more interdependent. People and countries of the world are closely woven together especially in the economic aspect. It aims to standardized income distribution through its economic integration schemes. It shows that globalization has advantages and disadvantages. **Globalization and Migration** The issue of globalization is linked with migration and with movement of capital and commodities. Migration is said to be as old as human civilization, and there is clear proof that globalization is inextricably related to it. National Geographic defines human migration as the movement of people from one territory to another for the purposes of taking up either as permanent or temporary residence. Movement can be considered as voluntary or involuntary, long term or short term. **Why do people Migrate?** People migrate for various reasons, the reasons may fall under four categories: environmental, political, cultural, and economic. it is categorized as \"push\" and \"pull\". **Push Factors -** are those that motivate people to move from one place to another because of difficulty. **Pull Factors** - those that motivate people to move from their place to another place because of some desires. **Migration, Globalization and Climate Change** Natural calamities like earthquakes, tsunamis, typhoons and floods have brought varying degrees of devastation around the world. The global consciousness that climate change may represent one of the most significant threats of the near future has stimulated humanity\'s collective interest in disaster. Achim Steiner, Director General of the international Union for Conservation of Nature, believes that migration, both forces and voluntary, will be the most significant consequences of climate change and environmental degradation. **Migration and Development** **Migration-** movement of people from one territory to another for the purpose of taking up either a permanent or temporary residence. **Types of migration:** **Internal Migration**. -looking for a new residence within their own country or state **External Migration-** moving in a different country or state I**mmigration**. moving into a new country **Forced migration**- when the states force the people to migrate for a reason. **GLOBAL MIGRATION**- a situation in which people go to live in foreign countries, especially in order to find work: Most global migration is from developing countries to developed ones. global migration patterns. **The word 'development' is widely used to refer to a specified state of advancement or growth. It could also be used to describe a new and advanced idea or product; or an event that constitutes a new stage under changing circumstances.** Global networks- is one major trend in the twenty-first century. Robert Holton (2008), describes it as a "major feature of contemporary processes of globalization" which are highly evident in the everyday lives of people and organizations whose area of operations go beyond a country's own borders. The concept is made up of two important terms, namely "global" and "network". **Global** means that an entity's reach is beyond the territorial borders of a country; thus, it destroys the cultural and economic barriers that separates regions and places. Being global connotes that entities cross boundaries and are connected to more than one country with the entity member often located in different places. **Networks** (Zeev Maoz (2011, 7 and 38-39) defines networks as a set of units like nerves, species, individual or state, with a particular rule which determines the degree or directions of relation or ties that exist between or among social entities or units. **A Global network can be defined as a set of units manifesting certain ties or relationships that exist and operate beyond territorial borders of a particular country.** Roger, Cohen,and Vertovec (2001, iii-vi) note that global networks are made up of "dynamic and flexible types of connections between individuals, groups, or organizations that crisscross the world. **Characteristics of Global Network** 1.Global networks across borders and connect to more than one country 2.Movement across a boundary is long-term 3Global networks are not confined within a particular country. **Two (2) Major Types of Global Networks** **1.Technical global networks -**is a form of global network adopted from telecommunications systems that utilize a variety of satellite, cable and wireless technologies. **2. Interpersonal global network -**is a form of global network that includes cross-border groups such as migrants, aid or social workers involved in advocacy work and even professionals discussing and debating about new ideas and discoveries. **Processing Questions** 1.How does globalization affect Filipino migration and overseas employment? 2.How do the three elements of globalization affect the Philippine economy? Is it beneficial to our country's economy and society? 3.How would you explain the role of technology to globalization? **Activity: Performance task**: JUMBLED LETTERS. Arrange the letters and write the correct answer on the space provided for. 1. **T E A L I N R N I O M G T I A N R -**looking for new residence within their own country or state \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ 2. **V E T D O P M E L N E**- is widely used to refer to a specified state of advancement or growth. It could also be used to describe a new and advanced idea or product; or an event that constitutes a new stage under changing circumstances. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ 3. **T ES R N W K O -** a set of units like nerves, species, individual or state, with a particular rule which determines the degree or directions of relation or ties that exist between or among social entities or units. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ 4. **A I L A I N O G O B L Z T -** is the process in which the economies of different countries around the world become increasingly assimilated over time. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_-. 5. **L B A L G O R I N O T A M G I** - a situation in which people go to live in foreign countries, especially in order to find work: Most global migration is from developing countries to developed ones. global migration patterns develop as new technologies of communication encounter a variety of functions. +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Lesson** | **The Different Contributions of | | | the Parts to a Whole and the | | **6** | Important role of Creative | | | Imagination in Putting Together | | | the Various Part of the Whole** | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **Most Essential Learning Competency** - - **What is it?** **Important Role of creative Imagination in putting together the various part of a Whole** The best way to have a good idea is to have many ideas and arguably the best way to have many ideas is to expand your perspective of the thing or space you're working with. Imagination is the creative ability to form images, ideas, and sensations in the mind without direct input from the senses. You can expand your perspective in a number of ways: by talking with others to hear their ideas and thoughts, by [reading perspectives of history](https://creativesomething.net/library), or by [adjusting your perspective](https://creativesomething.net/post/122083274872/discover-the-obscure-through-attention-and?rq=attention) of any particular thing or circumstance. You can expand your perspective by breaking apart the thing you're looking at or the space around it, by asking questions or zooming in/out either literally or figuratively. In doing so you open up the possibility of nearly endless ideas because the complexity of any single thing is the sum of its parts and history. You can look at anything and consider each of the attributes of it, then go further to consider the attributes of those attributes and so on. A shoe is a shoe until you really look at it and its parts. The sole, the shoelaces, the tongue and toe tip. Further into any of those parts continues expanding your perspective of what makes a shoe into a shoe: the fabrics, plastics, and other materials. Or consider the patterns used for stitching the materials of a shoe together: how do the patterns strengthen or weaken the shoe as a whole? How do the materials interact with each other: is a single, long thread stitched through two parts stronger than many shorter threads? Where might glue have been used? What other materials or patterns could be used for each component? How does changing any of those influence the larger whole? These types of ideas are possible even if you don't work in the shoe industry, because all you need to do is observe, question, and imagine. In your own life and work you can generate many new ideas by looking at the attributes---the texture, function, parts and components, even history of anything, then imagining what would happen if any of them changed. If you replaced something, removed it entirely, or used more of the attribute. If you want to have many ideas: don\'t merely look at a thing or problem in its entirety, instead consider the sums of the whole and how changing any one of them will change the larger parts. ![](media/image2.png) What can go wrong with thinking about Parts to Whole? ----------------------------------------------------- 1. 2. 3. **Processing questions:** 1\. Why is it important to know and understand the parts of a whole? 2\. Think of an example on what smaller things make up a whole. 3\. For each part, what would happen if it were different, malfunctioning or missing? +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Lesson** | **Activities that Exemplify Care | | | for the Environment and the | | **7** | Effects of Consumption and | | | Production Patterns on Climate | | | Change** | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **Most Essential Learning Competency** - - **What is it?** If there's one thing humanity has in common, it's our planet. We might speak different languages. We might make more money than other people. We might look different, act different, and have different opinions, but we all have at least one thing in common...the Earth. Our planet gives us the food we eat, the materials to make our houses, and the power to create books, light bulbs, and laptops. We depend on the planet for everything, for both beauty and basic needs, since without its resources, we wouldn't exist. But what about individuals? What can we do to pitch in and help save the Earth? There are plenty of things you can do every day to help reduce greenhouse gases and your carbon footprint to make a less harmful impact on the environment. Taking care of the Earth is not just a responsibility, it\'s a necessity. There are different ways for us to contribute and help in taking care of our environment these are the following: **1.** **Conserve Water** -- Water is wasted more frequently than we can see. Turn off the faucet as you are brushing your teeth, Don't turn your shower on until you're ready to get in and wash your hair, Limit your water usage as you wash dishes and Save up your dirty clothes by washing a full machine load of clothes uses water and energy than 2 half loads this means lower bills as well. **2.** **Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle** -- The most effective way to reduce, waste is to not create it in the first place, making a new product requires a lot of materials and energy- raw materials must be extracted from the earth, and the product must be fabricated then transported to wherever it will be sold. As a result, reduction, reuse and recycle are the most effective ways you can save natural resources, protect the environment and save money. Repair rather than replace. Take your own bags when shopping to reduce use of plastic bags, use fewer plastic bottles. Avoid Styrofoam. Avoid products designed specifically for a short life span. Collect waste and help to establish community centers where it can be pooled and sorted for re-use. Reduce your dependence on the car -- walk, Walking and biking are evident ways to reduce greenhouse gases. **3. Eat Sustainable Foods** -Today, large-scale food production accounts for as much as [[25 percent of the greenhouse emissions]](https://nctce.com.au/what-is-sustainable-food-a-guide-to-eating-more-sustainably/). So how do you eat sustainably? Choosing food from farmers that aim to conserve the natural resources and have as little impact on the land as possible. But even buying as much as you can from local farmers makes a difference. Eating more whole grains, vegetables, fruits and nuts, and less red meats and processed foods does too. Grow your own fruits and vegetables. You can [[grow a garden]](https://home.howstuffworks.com/starting-a-vegetable-garden.htm) in your own backyard or spaces at home. **4. Plant a Tree (or Two)-** Trees improve our air quality by filtering harmful dust and pollutants such as ozone, carbon monoxide, and sulfur dioxide from the air we breathe. Trees give off oxygen that we need to breathe. Trees also remove all other kinds of junk from the air, including sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and [small particles](https://health.howstuffworks.com/wellness/when-it-comes-to-air-pollution-tiniest-particles-might-be-worst.htm). Some indirect economic benefits of trees are that if we reduce the energy, we use then utility companies will have less demand placed on the infrastructure, thus reducing operating costs which can be passed on to the consumer. So, go ahead, plant a tree. It\'s good for everybody. **5. Proper disposal techniques**, never throw garbage into empty lots -- these lead to water contamination. Recycle engine oil. Never throw it down the drain. One liter of oil will contaminate up to two million litres of water. Never use pesticides or fertilizers near water sources, and never pour chemicals down the drain, this contaminates supplies. Combine plants that protect each other -- acting as natural insecticides. Waste management is important because it helps in maintaining the cleanliness of the whole world. It needs to be practiced, because the entire population\'s health and protection depend on it. **Effects of Production and Consumption Pattern in Climate Change** Production is a process of combining various material inputs and immaterial inputs in order to make something for consumption. It is the act of creating an output, a good or service which has value and contributes to the utility of individuals. Consumption, defined as spending for acquisition of utility, is a major concept in economics and is also studied in many other social sciences. It is seen in contrast to investing, which is spending for acquisition of future income. A consumer is a person or a group who intends to order, orders, or uses purchased goods, products, or services primarily for personal, social, family, household and similar needs, not directly related to entrepreneurial or business activities. **As consumers, how our consumption patterns affect climate changes?** As we perform our daily routine of our life on this planet, we consume different foods, shelters and services. There are three broad consumption categories: **1. Households and Utilities-** households are spending on: **Electricity-** we cannot maintain current patterns of energy consumption without Carbon dioxide causing further damage to emission, the earth's delicate climatic balance and leaving our 80% of carbon causing our children a future without dioxide is imbalance in the energy produced when earth's atmosphere fossil fuels and resulting in climate tropical forests changes. All forms of electricity generation have an environmental impact on our air, water and land, but it varies. Making electricity use an important part of each person's environmental footprint. Producing and using electricity more efficiently reduces both the amount of fuel needed to generate electricity and the amount of greenhouse gases and other air pollution emitted as a result. Electricity from renewable resources such as solar, geothermal, and wind generally does not contribute to climate change or local air pollution since no fuels are combusted **Water** -- as what we always say water is life that is very necessary in our every life. Furthermore, and almost most importantly, water takes a lot of energy, time, and money to filter and clean so that it\'s drinkable. Wasting water or overusing household water means you\'re wasting the energy-intensive process of filtration. Water also affects the quality of rainwater and of water resources both above and below ground, and damages natural systems. The causes of freshwater pollution are varied and include industrial wastes, sewage, runoff from farmland, cities, and factory effluents, and the build-up of sediment and other. **Public services** --The environmental impact of transport is significant, because transport is a major user of energy, and burns most of the world\'s petroleum burning fossil fuels like gasoline and diesel releasing carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, into the atmosphere. This creates air pollution, including nitrous oxides and particulates, and is a significant contributor to global warming through emission of carbon dioxide. **Natural gas** - Natural gas is a fossil fuel, though the global warming emissions from its combustion are much lower than those from coal or oil. Natural gas emits 50 to 60 percent less carbon dioxide (CO2) when combusted in a new, efficient natural gas power plant compared with emissions from a typical new coal plant usually needs to be processed before it can be used. When it is extracted, natural gas can contain a variety of elements and compounds other than methane. Water, ethane, butane, propane, pentanes, hydrogen sulphide, carbon dioxide, water vapor, and occasionally helium and nitrogen may be present in a natural gas well. In order to be used for energy, the methane is processed and separated from the other components produces negligible amounts of sulfur, mercury, and particulates. Burning natural gas does produce nitrogen oxides (NOx), which are precursors to smog. **Telephone services -** Telecommunications provide a technological foundation for societal communications. Communication plays a central role in the fundamental operations of a society from business to government to families. Most directly, information and communications technology (ICT) has environmental impacts through the manufacturing, operation and disposal of devices and network equipment. The Natural Resources Defense Council observes that lead, mercury, and cadmium found in personal electronic devices such as mobile phones can "release dangerous toxins into our air and water when burned or deposited in landfills improperly. As a concerned individual consumer who wants to preserve our planet that we live in" Watch Your Waste! Did you know? That solid waste (garbage) continues to build up in dump sites, landfills, rivers and the sea, long after you think you've disposed it. That some of the things you throw away today will still be clogging drains, polluting drinking water, and creating major health problems for your children and future generations. Disposable diapers and plastic bottles thrown into the sea take 450 years to degrade. Aluminum cans take 200 years to degrade and tin cans take 50. Final disposal of all waste consists of open dumping and burning. This is impacting negatively on the soil and air. 1 percent of the world's tropical forest is lost every year. 2\. **Mobility** - is a daily consumption issue and a basic need (Basic necessities\'\' -- refers to rice, corn, bread, fresh, dried and canned fish and other marine products, fresh pork, beef and poultry meat, fresh eggs, fresh and processed milk, infant formulas, fresh vegetables, root crops, coffee, sugar, cooking oil, salt, laundry soap, detergents, firewood, charcoal, candles and other commodities as may be classified by the DTI and the DA.). Consumption decisions directly or indirectly determine working conditions, job creation, social welfare as well as the economic situation of people, companies, countries everybody is involved. Mobility is a major source of GHG (Greenhouse Gases) emissions and resource use including bio system services related to consumption and resulting in an increase in the temperature of the earth surface. The emission of greenhouse gasses from fossil fuel burning is the primary human activity that affects the rate of climate change. 3\. **Food** - Food consumption and production have a considerable impact on the environment. These contribute to climate change that can disrupt food availability, reduce access to food, and affect food quality. For example, projected increases in temperatures, changes in precipitation patterns, changes in extreme weather events, and reductions in water availability may all result in reduced agricultural productivity. Moderate warming and more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere may help some plants to grow faster. However, more severe warming, floods, and drought may reduce yields. Global Warming is already affecting world food production patterns and causing increases in infectious diseases. Finding solutions together, Sustainable consumption means fulfilling our needs for food, shelter, clothing, and services while protecting the earth's natural resources. This is an enormous challenge as it requires us to put aside narrow interests and share the earth's resources. It requires us to preserve nature's capital to provide an adequate standard of living for those alive today as well as for generations to come. Addressing the twin challenges of poverty and environmental degradation requires changing how goods are produced, consumed, and distributed. It also requires people to use resources more efficiently as well as thinking of the environmental impact of their consumption and acting to preserve the environment. Consumers have the responsibility to help to push our society towards economic prosperity, environmental quality and social justice. In other words, we have to move in the direction of sustainable consumption. Process Questions: 1\. How does your pattern of consumption affect climate change? 2\. What is your role as a consumer in preserving our environment? 3\. As consumers, if we cannot go away with the products that we consume in our daily lives that are harmful to our environment, what can we do to lessen their negative effects? **Activity: Poster Making** Directions: Create a poster showing care for the environment using recycled materials. Be guided by the rubrics given below. Poster could be done digitally or traditionally. Use bond paper /Oslo paper. Category 20 15 10 5 --------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Required elements The poster includes all required elements as well as additional information The required elements are included in the poster All but 1 required element are included on the poster Several required elements missing Labels All items of importance on the poster are clearly labeled with labels that can be read from at least 3 feet away Almost all item of importance on the poster are clearly labeled with labels that can be read from at least 3 feet away Many items of importance on the poster are clearly labeled with labels that can be read from at least 3 feet away Labels are too small to view or no important items were labeled Graphic - Relevance All graphics are related to the topic and make it easier to understand. All borrowed graphics have a source citation All graphics are related to the topic and most make it easier to understand. Some borrowed graphics have a source citation All graphics are related to the topic. One or two borrowed graphics have a source citation Graphics do relate to the topic or several borrowed graphics do have a source citation Attractive The poster is exceptionally attractive in terms of design, layout and neatness The poster is attractive in terms of design, layout and neatness. The poster is acceptably attractive though it may be a bit messy. The poster is distractingly messy or very poorly designed. It is not attractive. Grammar There a no grammatical/mechanical mistakes on the poster There are 1 -- 2 grammatical/mechanical mistakes on the poster There are 3-4 grammatical/mechanical mistakes on the poster There are more than 4 grammatical/mechanical mistakes on the poster +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | **Lesson** | **Solving and Making a Stand on | | | Climate Change** | | **8** | | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ **Most Essential Learning Competency** - - **What is it?** **Mitigation and Adaptation Approaches** ** ** Climate change is a complicated environmental problem and so it requires a multidimensional technique to deal with it. Solving the problem requires scientific, economic, social, political, moral, and ethical perspectives. Its scopes and nature influence not only one country, but the whole world. All of humanity needs to be on board if we are decided to limit the extreme and catastrophic consequences of global warming and climate change. Response to climate change requires a two-pronged technique. **Mitigation Approach** It refers to the reduction of emissions of greenhouse gases and the stabilization of the levels of heat-trapping greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Mitigating climate change means decreasing the effects of climate change. To do this, it is important to lessen the flow of warmness-trapping greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. It can be carried out with the aid of using both lessening the sources of the greenhouse gases with the aid of decreasing fossil fuels burning for energy, warmness or shipping production, or with the aid of using enhancing the sinks that acquire and store greenhouse gases like oceans, forests, and soil. To mitigate climate change, the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2014) calls for: 1\. The prevention of hazardous human intervention with the climate system. 2\. The stabilization of greenhouse gas levels is based on a time frame that would allow ecosystems to adapt to climate change. The stabilization of the surroundings will ultimately result in insufficient food supply and sustainable economic development. **Adaptation Approach** ** ** It refers to the ability of human beings to evolve to the consequences of climate change that we are now experiencing. Adapting to climate change is inevitable. We ought to modify the real and projected consequences of climate change. The adaption technique to climate change targets to lessen people's vulnerability to the terrible and extreme consequences of climate change. It calls for using the positive effects and advantages of climate change to our advantage. This concept is primarily based totally on the notion that all through history, humanity has been capable to adjust and cope with the changes in the surroundings. In the 2014 United Nations Report on Climate Change Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability, world governments in different bureaucratic ranges are imposing regulations to evolve the climate change problems. Climate change is presently covered in different improvement plans. Government regulations deal with the subsequent problems associated with climate change: 1\. How should governments cope with the increasing threats of extreme disasters and their associated risks? 2\. How should institutions protect coastlines? 3\. How should they deal with sea-level encroachment? 4\. How can land and forests be managed appropriately? 5\. How should the government address the reduction of water availability and supply? 6\. How should agencies develop resilient crop varieties? 7\. How should the government protect energy and public infrastructure? ** ** **What can we do to help address climate change?** We can all assist limit climate change. As a student, you could additionally assist in decreasing the reasons and mitigate the consequences of climate change. Here are a few easy methods that you could do at home, in the office, and even on the road to assist in this selfless task to save the environment. **At Home** ** ** Here are a few steps that you could do to help reduce greenhouse gas emissions: **1. Change light bulbs**. Replace the most often used light bulbs in your homes with certified merchandise that can assist the surroundings. Choose light bulbs that generate less warmness and use less energy than trendy lighting. **2. Reduce, reuse, and recycle**. Practice reducing, reusing, and recycling in your homes because through this easy action you could assist conserve energy and decrease pollution and greenhouse gas emission. Recycle papers, newspapers, beverage bottles and containers, and biodegradable merchandise. Practice composting your food waster, vegetable, fruit peelings, and leftovers to lessen the quantity of rubbish which might be sent to landfills. This can help lessen greenhouse gas emissions. **3. Use water efficiently**. Heating, pumping, and treating water use a lot of energy and due to these, saving water intake can help lessen greenhouse gas emissions. Saving water is a very simple manner to help the surroundings. **4. Practice composting**. Practice simple composting by converting food and backyard waste into herbal fertilizers to help lessen the quantity of rubbish despatched to landfills. This easy act can help limit greenhouse gas emissions. **At the Office** ** ** Offices consume a large quantity of energy for cooling, lighting, and operating different devices. Here are some steps that you could do to help protect the environment and help address climate change. **1. Manage your office equipment energy wisely**. The total energy consumed by an unused digital device is equal to the yearly output of approximately 12 power plants. Learn to save energy in your workplace by turning off pc video display units and different workplace devices while no longer in use. Always unplug laptop power cords while they are no longer used and always flip off devices and lights at the end of the day. By doing these easy acts, you could help save energy and lessen greenhouse gas emissions at work. **2. Learn to commute**. Using public transportation, carpooling, or cycling while going to work or school can save energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. If you are using a vehicle, find the fuel efficiency of your vehicle. **3. Reduce, reuse, and recycle**. Reducing, reusing, and recycling at the workplace can help save energy and decrease pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions. Reducing, reusing, and recycling at the office can be done in different ways. Recycle papers and use them as scratch papers. Instead of throwing used computers or devices, donate those used devices to public schools and agencies that needed this equipment. ** ** **On the Road** ** ** When you operate automobiles, those automobiles release greenhouse gases into the environment and make contributions to climate change. Below are easy methods on a way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions: **1. Buy a fuel-efficient and low-greenhouse gas automobile**. If you are making plans to buy a brand new vehicle, better choose the cleanest maximum gasoline-green automobile which can fulfill your needs. Find fuel-efficient automobiles. **2. Drive smart**. Here are a few pointers to enhance your vehicle's fuel economy and thereby help lessen greenhouse gas emissions:(a). Go easy at the brakes and gas pedal. (b). Avoid difficult accelerations. (c). Lessen your time idling. It should be no more than 30 seconds. (d). Remove unnecessary objects in your trunk to lessen weight. **3. Ensure right vehicle maintenance**. Remember to always have regular automobile tune-ups and comply with the vehicle's maintenance schedule. Use the recommended grade of motor oil for your vehicle. If your vehicle is well-maintained, you are confident that it is more fuel-efficient and more reliable. It produces fewer greenhouse gas emissions. **4. Check tires regularly**. Check your tire pressure regularly. Cars with under-inflated tires increase tire wear and decrease the vehicle's fuel economy. It can result in higher greenhouse gas and different air pollutant emissions. **5. Use renewable fuels**. Use renewable fuels and green fuels for your vehicle to help lessen greenhouse gas emissions and air pollutants. **Process Questions ** 4. 5. 6. **Activity: Slogan Making** **Instruction:** Create a slogan on a long bond paper that tells a promise to be made to protect the lives of others, and that of the environment. **Slogan Making Rubric** **Criteria** **Poor 2 pts** **Fair 3 pts** **Good 4 pts** **Excellent 5 pts** ------------------ ----------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------ Correct Grammar Many grammar mistakes Some grammar mistakes. A few grammar mistakes No grammar mistakes. Creativity No creation has been used. Some creative ideas used. Shows many creative ideas Very creative poster Neatness Very careless and untidy. Many untidy errors. Some untidy errors Very neat and tidy poster Well Organized Poster is poorly put together and very difficult to understand. Poster is put together okay but is difficult to understand. Poster is organized well but still a little difficult to understand. Information is well organized and easy to understand Use of resources Lack use of any available resources Use of a few available resources. A good use of available resources. Excellent use of available resources **PROCESS QUESTIONS:** 1. 2. 3. References: Dela Cruz, Arleigh Ross D., Napoleon M. Mabaquiao Jr., Cecile C. Padrigon. Trends, Networks and Critical Thinking in the 21st Century Culture. Quezon City. Phoenix Publishing House Inc. **[[https://tinyurl.com/y3yx5eoy]](https://tinyurl.com/y3yx5eoy) ** ***References:*** *Ariola, Mariano M.* Trends, Networks and Critical Thinking in the 21^st^ Century. Manila. Unlimited Books Library Services and Publishing Inc. ***References:*** *Ariola, Mariano M.* Trends, Networks and Critical Thinking in the 21^st^ Century. Manila. Unlimited Books Library Services and Publishing Inc. *Dela Cruz, Arleigh Ross D.,* Napoleon M. Mabaquiao Jr., Cecile C. Padrigon. Trends, Networks and Critical Thinking in the 21^st^ Century Culture. Quezon City. Phoenix Publishing House Inc. References Dela Cruz, Arleigh Ross D., Napoleon M. Mabaquiao Jr., Cecile C. Padrigon. Trends, Networks and Critical Thinking in the 21st Century Culture. Quezon City. Phoenix Publishing House Inc [[https://tinyurl.com/y3wj4lp8]](https://tinyurl.com/y3wj4lp8) [[https://tinyurl.com/y4mhze9s]](https://tinyurl.com/y4mhze9s) References Dela Cruz, Arleigh Ross D., Napoleon M. Mabaquiao Jr., Cecile C. Padrigon. Trends, Networks and Critical Thinking in the 21st Century Culture. Quezon City. Phoenix Publishing House Inc [[https://tinyurl.com/y3wj4lp8]](https://tinyurl.com/y3wj4lp8) [[https://tinyurl.com/y4mhze9s]](https://tinyurl.com/y4mhze9s) Reference: [[https://tinyurl.com/y627jyhs]](https://tinyurl.com/y627jyhs) [[https://tinyurl.com/y2jytm43]](https://tinyurl.com/y2jytm43) [[https://tinyurl.com/yxa3rajb]](https://tinyurl.com/yxa3rajb)

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