EEG Classification Revisions PDF

What is the new voltage category added to EEG classifications? A. Very high voltage B. Low voltage C. Medium voltage D. High voltage ANSWER: D How has the definition of intermediate duration changed in EEG classifications? A. From 1–4.9 mins to 1–9.9 mins B. From 5–10 mins to 10–15 mins C. From 1–4...

What is the new voltage category added to EEG classifications? A. Very high voltage B. Low voltage C. Medium voltage D. High voltage ANSWER: D How has the definition of intermediate duration changed in EEG classifications? A. From 1–4.9 mins to 1–9.9 mins B. From 5–10 mins to 10–15 mins C. From 1–4.9 mins to 5–59 mins D. From 1–9.9 mins to 5–10 mins ANSWER: A What change was made to the definition of high voltage? A. Changed from 100 mV to 200 mV B. Changed from 200 mV to 150 mV C. Changed from 150 mV to 200 mV D. Changed from 50 mV to 150 mV ANSWER: B Which classification was changed from a major modifier to a minor modifier in EEG readings? A. Duration B. Amplitude C. Polarity D. Frequency ANSWER: C Which of the following accurately reflects the changed duration for long duration EEG? A. Changed from 10–20 mins to 5–59 mins B. Changed from 5–59 mins to 1–59 mins C. Changed from 1–59 mins to 5–10 mins D. Changed from 5–59 mins to 10–59 mins ANSWER: D What has been stated about findings on EEG in terms of their classification? A. All findings are considered focal. B. Findings can only be regional in nature. C. Findings cannot show asymmetry or slowing. D. Any finding can be focal, regional, or hemispheric. ANSWER: D What is the new frequency added to the EEG background predominant frequency? A. 2.0 Hz B. 0.5 Hz C. 1.0 Hz D. 0.13 Hz ANSWER: D Which of the following best describes Highly Epileptiform Bursts after the updates? A. Two or more epileptiform discharges seen within the majority of bursts at an average frequency of 1 Hz or faster. B. Multiple discharges occurring at a frequency of 2 Hz or faster. C. Presence of more than three epileptiform discharges within a single burst. D. Single epileptiform discharge occurring in all bursts. ANSWER: A What change has been made regarding the description of burst suppression? A. It is now only applicable to certain types of EEG recordings. B. Burst suppression is now described as 50-99% attenuation. C. It is now defined as 90-100% suppression. D. Burst suppression is now defined as 20-50% attenuation. ANSWER: B Which term refers to possible electroclinical status epilepticus? A. Electrographic seizure (ESz) B. Possible electroclinical status epilepticus C. Electroclinical seizure (ECSz) D. Electroclinical status epilepticus (ECSE) ANSWER: B What has been updated concerning the description of nearly continuous EEG backgrounds? A. Revised to require 1-10% continuity. B. Updated to 5-10% attenuation. C. Defined as 10-20% suppression. D. Changed from #10% to 1-9% attenuation/suppression. ANSWER: D What is the new modifier that has been introduced? A. Brief Potentially Ictal Rhythmic Discharges B. Electrographic seizure C. Stimulus-Terminated D. Ictal-Interictal Continuum ANSWER: C What defines an electrographic status epilepticus (ESE)? A. Electrographic seizures that last longer than 30 minutes. B. Recurrent seizures with an interictal state in between. C. Seizures identified during a sleep state without clinical manifestation. D. Continuous clinical seizures occurring without interruption. ANSWER: A What major change combines 'variability' and 'stage II sleep transients'? A. Rhythmic and Periodic Patterns B. Electrographic seizures C. Cyclic Alternating Pattern of Encephalopathy D. State changes ANSWER: D Which of the following statements about the Ictal-Interictal Continuum is correct? A. It only describes interictal states. B. It serves to differentiate between preictal and postictal phases. C. It is primarily concerned with clinical symptomatology. D. It encompasses both ictal and interictal activities on the EEG. ANSWER: D What constitutes Brief Potentially Ictal Rhythmic Discharges (BIRDs)? A. Intermittent bursts that do not reflect electrical changes. B. Ictal phenomena that last for several minutes. C. Rhythmic patterns that may indicate seizure activity. D. Abnormalities that are consistent for over an hour. ANSWER: C Which term is newly introduced to describe bursts that are identical? A. Identical bursts B. Lateralized pattern C. Cyclic Alternating Pattern D. Unilateral Independent ANSWER: A What is the frequency threshold below which no RPP can exist? A. 1 Hz B. 0.5 Hz C. 4 Hz D. 2.5 Hz ANSWER: C Which statement about the suppression/attenuation in EEG is accurate after the updates? A. Only occasional bursts are relevant in determining suppression. B. The entirety of the record must exhibit suppression to confirm the diagnosis. C. Suppression now considered is formalized to 50-75% of the record. D. It is now applicable if there is suppression of 99% of the record. ANSWER: D How should patterns with a frequency of 2.5 Hz and a duration of 10 seconds be classified? A. Rhythmic patterns B. Periodic Discharges C. Electrographic seizures D. BIRDs ANSWER: C What does any RPP with a frequency greater than or equal to 4 Hz and an evolution lasting less than 10 seconds qualify as? A. Periodic Discharge B. Electrographic seizure C. BIRD D. Polyspike ANSWER: C Which of the following definitions aligns with a pattern that is lateralized? A. Patterns that are symmetric across hemispheres B. Patterns consistently beginning in one hemisphere and propagating to the other C. Unilateral Independent patterns D. Patterns that do not propagate ANSWER: B What duration disqualifies a pattern from being categorized as any RPP? A. More than 0.5 seconds B. Less than 0.5 seconds C. Less than 10 seconds D. Exactly 10 seconds ANSWER: B What is classified as a criterion A when it comes to PDs and SW patterns? A. Frequency over 4 Hz and exactly 10 seconds duration B. Exactly 4 Hz frequency and less than 10 seconds duration C. 2.5 Hz frequency and 10 seconds duration D. Frequency under 2.5 Hz and less than 1 second duration ANSWER: C What is the limit for RPP evolution according to the updated terminology? A. Less than 10 seconds and up to 4 Hz B. Less than or equal to 5 seconds C. Greater than 4 seconds and up to 10 Hz D. Exactly 10 seconds and less than 2.5 Hz ANSWER: A What is the updated range for medium voltage in EEG classifications? A. 50–149 mV B. 150–200 mV C. 100–150 mV D. 50–199 mV ANSWER: A How was the classification of high voltage changed in recent updates? A. Changed from $ 200 mV to $ 150 mV B. Changed from $ 250 mV to $ 200 mV C. Remains at $ 200 mV D. Changed from $ 300 mV to $ 250 mV ANSWER: A What is the new duration range for long duration EEG readings? A. 1–59 mins B. 5–59 mins C. 10–90 mins D. 10–59 mins ANSWER: D Which statement accurately describes the change in the classification of polarity in EEG readings? A. Changed from major modifier to minor modifier B. Remains classified as a major modifier C. Changed from a minor modifier to a major modifier D. Introduced as a new category ANSWER: A What significant definition change occurred with intermediate duration in EEG data? A. Changed from 5–9 mins to 10–15 mins B. Changed from 1–4.9 mins to 1–9.9 mins C. No significant changes were made D. Changed from 1–9 mins to 10–14 mins ANSWER: B What was the original range for intermediate duration before the updates? A. 1–5 mins B. 1–9.9 mins C. 5–10 mins D. 1–4.9 mins ANSWER: D What new classification term allows for patterns that begin in one hemisphere and propagate to the other to be classified in a particular way? A. Cyclic Alternating Pattern of Encephalopathy B. Lateralized (bilateral asynchronous) C. Unilateral Independent D. Identical bursts ANSWER: B Which statement accurately describes the requirements for classifying patterns with a typical frequency of 2.5 Hz? A. They must be classified as electrographic seizures if >= 10 seconds. B. They can have a duration of up to 15 seconds. C. They must be less than 5 seconds in duration. D. They are always referred to as PDs regardless of duration. ANSWER: A What is the maximum frequency that an RPP can have if it is to meet any criteria for classification? A. 5 Hz B. 2 Hz C. 0.5 Hz D. 4 Hz ANSWER: D Which of the following represents the updated criteria for defining BIRDs? A. Any RPP with evolution lasting less than 10 seconds. B. Patterns that can occur at any frequency for less than 10 seconds. C. Patterns with a frequency of less than 2 Hz and lasting at least 15 seconds. D. Patterns that occur less frequently than 1 Hz. ANSWER: A What did the revised terminology indicate about RPP evolution? A. RPPs can evolve for any duration before classification. B. Growth in amplitude over time disqualifies patterns from being classified. C. Any evolution lasting more than 10 seconds is disqualified. D. Evolution is only recognized for patterns with a frequency of 5 Hz. ANSWER: C Which characteristic is now defined for Identical bursts under the new terminology? A. Transient bursts recurring at random intervals. B. Patterns that have varying waveforms with similar frequencies. C. Single isolated events with frequencies above 2.5 Hz. D. Repetitive patterns that are exactly the same in amplitude and shape. ANSWER: D What must patterns that express an evolution lasting 10 seconds or more do to be properly classified? A. They must be classified as BIRDs. B. They must meet criterion B for classification as an electrographic seizure. C. They need to have a unique visual representation. D. They should always be described as lateralized patterns. ANSWER: B What constitutes the new term 'Cyclic Alternating Pattern of Encephalopathy' in EEG terminology? A. It relates to the identification of non-convulsive seizure activity. B. It refers to patterns that alternate between stages of wakefulness and sleep. C. It represents repetitive bursts occurring in established cycles. D. It signifies an unsteady EEG background indicative of encephalopathy. ANSWER: D In the revised terminology, what happens to patterns that have a frequency above 4 Hz and a duration below 0.5 seconds? A. They are classified as different types of artefacts. B. They must be reported as seizure-like activity. C. They may qualify as a polyspike. D. They are invalidated as they cannot be classified. ANSWER: C What is the updated condition for identifying Highly Epileptiform Bursts? A. Requires at least 2 epileptiform discharges within 80% of bursts. B. Present if 3 or more different types of discharges are observed at any frequency. C. Identified if multiple spikes are seen at an average of 1 Hz or faster within 50% of bursts. D. Occurs at a frequency of 1.5 Hz or faster within a single burst. ANSWER: C According to the updates, what characterizes Electrographic Status Epilepticus (ESE)? A. It is defined as persistent electrographic seizure activity without interruption. B. It is marked by intermittent non-epileptiform discharges. C. It requires the presence of ictal patterns for over 30 minutes. D. It involves the absence of any discharges over a continuous period. ANSWER: A Which change was made regarding the continuity of nearly continuous EEG backgrounds? A. Continuity now incorporates burst suppression as part of its definition. B. Continuity is now allowed with up to 20% attenuation. C. Continuity's definition was upgraded to include only 0-10% suppression. D. The percentage required for nearly continuous has changed to 1-9% attenuation. ANSWER: D What is the significance of the term Stimulus-Terminated in the context of EEG readings? A. It indicates termination of seizures upon clinical intervention. B. It refers specifically to patterns seen during sleep phases. C. It marks the completion of all patient responses in EEG monitoring. D. It describes seizure activity that ends when a stimulus is applied. ANSWER: D What frequency has been newly added to the predominant background frequency classification? A. Delta (4 Hz) B. Gamma (35 Hz) C. Beta (13 Hz) D. Theta (8 Hz) ANSWER: C How has the definition of Burst Suppression been updated in EEG classifications? A. It is now defined as bursts occurring with 1-49% attenuation. B. It indicates 50-99% attenuation/suppression. C. It includes any bursts with varying frequencies above 4 Hz. D. It refers to 90-100% suppression of activity. ANSWER: B What defines Possible Electroclinical Status Epilepticus? A. Demonstrates prolonged seizure activity with strong clinical correlation. B. Involves a mixture of clinical and non-clinical seizure activities. C. Electroclinical seizure characteristics present intermittently. D. Shows potential seizure activity without definitive clinical signs. ANSWER: D What is stated about Brief Potentially Ictal Rhythmic Discharges (BIRDs)? A. Patterns can involve frequencies exceeding 5 Hz over short intervals. B. They are always associated with tonic-clonic seizures. C. They indicate rhythmic patterns that could link to ictal activity briefly. D. They may reflect non-epileptiform activity more frequently. ANSWER: C What critical update was made to the criteria for describing EEG background frequency? A. Only alpha rhythms are now recognized. B. Fast frequencies are no longer relevant in background classifications. C. The inclusion of beta rhythms has been officially established. D. Exclusivity to beta rhythms has become standard. ANSWER: C What describes the revised criteria for the classification of suppression/attenuation in EEG readings? A. Attenuation must be evident in the entirety of the recording. B. Suppression is understood to mean up to.99% of the recorded activities. C. Continuity is now determined by assessing 1-99% retention of signals. D. Suppression is now indicated by less than 50% loss of activity. ANSWER: B