Accessibility Code 2019 PDF

CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT 2019 The Code on Accessibility in the Built Environment 2019 is electronically published by the Building and Construction Authority. © Building and Construction Authority, July 2019 Visit our friendly built environment website at http://www.friendlybu...

CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT 2019 The Code on Accessibility in the Built Environment 2019 is electronically published by the Building and Construction Authority. © Building and Construction Authority, July 2019 Visit our friendly built environment website at http://www.friendlybuildings.sg/  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 CONTENTS Chapter 1: Accessibility In The Built Environment 1.1 Scope 1 1.2 Definitions 2 Chapter 2: Provisions For Accessibility 2.1 Accessibility in the Built Environment 5 2.2 Residential Development 11 2.3 Minimum Accessible Provisions 12 2.4 Inter-connectivity 15 2.5 Exemptions 16 2.6 Additions and Alteration Works 16 Chapter 3: Arriving At The Building 3.1 Access to Buildings 17 3.2 Approach to Buildings 18 3.3 Passenger Alighting and Boarding Points 18 3.4 Taxi Shelters 20 3.5 Accessible Vehicle Parking 22 3.6 Kerb Ramps 27 3.7 Pedestrian Crossing 31 Chapter 4: Accessibility Around And Within The Building Horizontal Circulation 4.1 Floor and Ground Surfaces 33 4.2 Accessible Routes, Corridors and Paths 35 4.3 Headroom 45 4.4 Doors 46 Vertical Circulation 4.5 Changes in Levels 59 4.6 Ramps 61 4.7 Handrails and Grab Bars 70 4.8 Passenger Lifts 73 4.9 Lifts Designated for Wheelchair Users 76 4.10 Platform Lifts and Wheelchair Stairlifts 80 4.11 Stairs 82 4.12 Stairs for the Ambulant Disabled 88 Chapter 5: Sanitary Provision 5.1 General 89 5.2 Accessible Individual Washrooms 92 5.3 Accessible Water Closet Compartments 100 5.4 Water Closet Compartments for the Ambulant Disabled 104 i CONTENT  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 5.5 Urinals for the Ambulant Disabled 108 5.6 Components in the Accessible Washroom 109 5.7 Bath Facilities 120 5.8 Accessible Changing Room 129 5.9 Wheelchair Transfer 132 Chapter 6: Usage Of Space, Facilities And Elements Within The Building 6.1 Illumination 135 6.2 Controls and Operating Mechanisms 136 6.3 Seating Spaces 140 6.4 Service and Information Counters 142 6.5 Drinking Fountains 144 6.6 Public Telephones 145 6.7 Eating Spaces 147 6.8 Hearing Enhancement Systems 151 6.9 Family-Friendly Facilities 152 6.10 Accessible Rooms, Guestrooms and Serviced Apartments 154 Chapter 7: Residential Development 7.1 General Requirements 157 7.2 Entrances to Units 157 7.3 Bathrooms for Future Retrofitting 160 7.4 Switches and Socket Outlets 163 Chapter 8: Anthropometrics And Signage 8.1 Anthropometrics and Space Allowances 164 8.2 International Symbol of Access for Persons with Disabilities 172 8.3 Directional Signs 175 8.4 Service Identification Signs 176 8.5 Signage 176 Appendix A: Design Guidelines for Family-Friendly Facilities A.1 Application 184 A.2 Recommended Facilities 184 A.3 Design Considerations 185 Appendix B: Design Guidelines for Older Persons B.1 Ageing and Safety 198 B.2 Falls in Home 198 B.3 Advantages of Considerate Design 199 B.4 Mobility 200 B.5 Prevention of Falls 200 B.6 Design Consideration 203 B.7 Top Ten Design Points 205 ii CONTENT  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 Appendix C: Design Guidelines for Children With Disabilities C.1 Application 208 C.2 Interpretation 208 C.3 Handrails and Grab Bars 209 C.4 Seating Spaces 209 C.5 Drinking Fountains 210 C.6 Sanitary Provisions 210 C.7 Children’s Reach Ranges 212 C.8 Lifts 213 C.9 Public Telephones 213 C.10 Canteens 213 C.11 Computer Rooms 213 C.12 Libraries 214 Appendix D: Design Guidelines for Persons With Visual Impairment D.1 Introduction 215 D.2 Visual Contrast in Building Interiors 216 D.3 Detectable Warning Surfaces 220 D.4 Application of Tactile Ground Surface Indicators 227 Appendix E: Design Guidelines for Parks And Open Spaces E.1 Graduated Difficulty of Access 233 E.2 Outdoor Recreation Access Routes 233 E.3 Viewing Areas 236 E.4 Outdoor Steps 238 E.5 Outdoor Facilities 240 E.6 Signage 244 Appendix F: Slip Resistance Of Floor Finishes F.1 Grading of Slip Resistance 247 Appendix G: Keypad Design Requirements G.1 General 249 G.2 Keypads Used Inside Lift Cars 249 G.3 Keypad Design 249 G.4 Registration of Calls 250 G.5 Notices 250 iii CONTENT  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 List Of Figures Figure 1 Passenger Alighting and Boarding Point Figure 2 Taxi Shelter Figure 3 Angled Parking for Accessible Lots Figure 4 Parallel Parking for Accessible Lots Figure 5 Access Levels Figure 6 Directional Sign Figure 7 Examples of Signage at Accessible Parking Lot Figure 8 Kerb Ramp with Flared Sides Figure 9 Kerb Ramp with Returned/Continuous Kerbs Figure 10 Kerb Ramp with Built-Up/Extended Kerbs Figure 11 Parallel Kerb Ramp Figure 12 Kerb Ramps Location at Pedestrian Crossings Figure 13 Kerb Ramps Location on Island Figure 14 Gratings Figure 15 Dimension and Space Requirements for Accessible Corridors Figure 16 Width of Accessible Checkout Lane Figure 17 Access beside Turnstiles Figure 18 Trailing Bar Figure 19 Limits of Protruding Objects Figure 20 Freestanding Objects Mounted on Posts Figure 21 Resting Areas Figure 22 Overhead Hazard Figure 23 Clear Width of Doorways Figure 24 Markings on Glass Doors Figure 25 Minimum Doorway Manoeuvring Space Figure 26 Minimum Doorway Manoeuvring Space for 2-way Swing Door Figure 27 Minimum Doorway Manoeuvring Space at Leading Edge of Door Leaf Figure 28 Manoeuvring Space of Doors in a Series Figure 29 Examples of Door Handles Figure 30 Door Opening Force Figure 31 Vision Panels and Kickplates Figure 32 Guardrails at Out-Swinging Automatic Doors Figure 33 Contrasting Colour, Coloured Bands and Detectable Warning Surfaces on Ramps Figure 34 Ramps Figure 35 Level Landings and Edge Protection Figure 36 Ramps and Landings Figure 37 Handrail Extensions Figure 38 Sectional View of Edge Protections Figure 39 Handrails Figure 40 Braille and Tactile Markings on Lift Control Panels Figure 41 Grab bars in Lift Cars Figure 42 Lift for Wheelchair User Figure 43 Example of Platform Lift Figure 44 Example of Wheelchair Stairlift iv CONTENT  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 Figure 45 Staircase Figure 46 Handrail Extensions Figure 47 Stair Detail Figure 48 Example of Accessible Toilets in School Figure 49 Detail of Accessible Individual Washroom Figure 50 Location of Jumbo Toilet Roll Dispenser Figure 51 Detail of Larger Accessible Individual Washroom Figure 52 Accessible Water Closet Compartment within a Toilet Cluster Figure 53 Accessible Water Closet Compartment Figure 54 Water Closet Compartments for the Ambulant Disabled Figure 55 Urinal for the Ambulant Disabled Figure 56 Washroom Accessories Figure 57 Wash Basin for Person with Disabilities Figure 58 Water Closets Figure 59 Bathtub for Persons with Disabilities Figure 60 Alternative Layout Plan of Bathtub for Persons with Disabilities Figure 61 Roll-in Shower Stall for Wheelchair Users Figure 62 Example of Accessible Individual Washroom Layout with Shower Facility Figure 63 Symbol for Accessible Changing Room Figure 64 Accessible Changing Room Figure 65 Wheelchair Transfer: Diagonal Approach Figure 66 Wheelchair Transfer: Side/Parallel Approach Figure 67 Wheelchair Transfer: Frontal Approach Figure 68 Controls and Operating Mechanisms Figure 69 Examples of Tap Controls Figure 70 Wheelchair Spaces for Audience Seating Figure 71 Approach to Table or Counter Figure 72 Service and Information Counters Figure 73 Built-in Drinking Fountains Figure 74 Telephone Booth Figure 75 Seating Arrangements Figure 76 Table Dimensions Figure 77 Symbol of Access for People with Hearing Loss Figure 78 Family Car Parking Lot Figure 79 Example of Accessible Rooms in Hotels Figure 80 Residential Unit: Minimum Doorway Width and Manoeuvring Space at Entrance Figure 81 Residential Unit: Corridors and Entrances Figure 82 Residential Unit: Ramp at Entrance Figure 83 Residential Unit: Width of Doorway at Right Angle to Corridor Figure 84 Wheelchair Space Allowances: Minimum Clear Floor Space Figure 85 Wheelchair Space Allowance: Minimum Clear Turning Space Figure 86 Typical Dimensions of Wheelchairs Commonly Used by Adults Figure 87 Reach Ranges: Forward Reach Without Obstruction Figure 88 Reach Ranges: Forward Reach Over Obstruction Figure 89 Reach Ranges: Side Reach Without Obstruction Figure 90 Reach Ranges: Side Reach Over Obstruction v CONTENT  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 Figure 91 Positions Taken by a Wheelchair when Negotiating a Door in a Passageway Figure 92 Comfortable Walking Widths Figure 93 Symbol of Access for Persons with Disabilities Figure 94 Example of Symbols for Persons with Different Needs Figure 95 Directional Sign Figure 96 Directional Sign to Facility Figure 97 Service Identification Signs at Destinations Figure 98 Location of Door Signs on the Latch Side of Doors Figure 99 Recommended Specifications for Braille on Signage Figure 100 Example of Raised Tactile and Braille Sign Figure A1 Water Closet for Young Children Figure A2 Urinal for Young Children Figure A3 Wash Basin for Young Children Figure A4 Example of Fold-up Type Child Protection Seat Figure A5 Child Protection Seat in Water Closet Compartment Figure A6 Child Protection Seat and Diaper Changing Station in Accessible Individual Washroom Figure A7 Example of Fold-up Type Diaper Changing Station Figure A8 Example of Family Washroom with Child WC, Child Protection Seat and Diaper Changing Station Figure A9 Example of Accessible Family Washroom with Child WC, Child Protection Seat and Diaper Changing Station Figure A10 Example of Lactation Room Figure A11 Example of Lactation Room at Workplace Figure A12 Locker for Baby Carriages Figure B1 Examples of Rollator, Electric Wheelchair and Motorised Scooter Figure B2 Layout of House Suitable for the Aged Figure D1 Effective Luminance Contrast Figure D2 The Hue Circle Figure D3 Effective Hue Contrast Figure D4 Saturation Contrast Figure D5 Warning Indicators Figure D6 Directional Warning Indicators Figure D7 Application of Tactile Ground Surface Indicators at Pedestrian Crossings and Kerb Ramps Figure D8 Application of Tactile Ground Surface Indicators at Stairs, Steps, Escalators and Passenger Conveyors Figure D9 Application of Tactile Ground Surface Indicators at Flush Pedestrian Vehicular Way Figure D10 Tactile Guidance Strips Figure E1 Interconnected Facilities Figure E2 Resting Area Figure E3 Edge Protection for Access Route Figure E4 Clear Ground Space Figure E5 Unobstructed View Figure E6 Landings vi CONTENT  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 Figure E7 Outdoor Rinsing Showers Figure E8 Telescope Figure E9 Information Board Figure E10 Directional Sign Figure G1 Keypad Buttons List Of Tables Table 1 Accessibility for Persons with Disabilities and Families with Young Children Table 2 Accessible Parking Lots Table 2A Accessible Parking Lots for Hospitals Table 3 Accessible Route Widths Table 4 Changes in Levels Table 5 Gradient and Length of Ramps Table 6 Minimum Clear Width of Door Openings for Residential Units Table 7 Height of Letters Table 8 Sizes of Symbols Table 9 Colour Contrast Table 10 Recommended Specifications for Braille on Signage Table C1 Grab Bar Height Table C2 Water Closet Centre Lines Table C3 Toilet Seat Heights Table C4 Forward Reach Table C5 Side Reach Table D1 Luminance Contrast Table E1 Risers and Treads Table E2 Outdoor Constructed Features Table F1 Slip Resistance of Typical Flooring Surfaces vii CONTENT  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 PREFACE 1 The Code on Accessibility (the “Code”) has been critical in the making of an inclusive built environment. The Code not only informs requirements and provides guidelines pertaining to accessibility and universal design, but also serves to drive the industry in realising an accessible built environment in Singapore which is fast becoming a super-aged society. 2 Started as the “Code on Barrier-Free Accessibility in Buildings” in 1990, the Code evolved in 2007 to include the whole built environment and was renamed the “Code on Accessibility in the Built Environment”. This fifth review of the Code continues the initiative of the previous reviews, which included the formation of the Code Review Committee (“Committee”) and consultations with relevant stakeholders such as government agencies, voluntary welfare organisations, other interest groups and industry players. A draft of the Code was circulated to the industry through a circular as well as to the public via REACH to gather feedback. The expansive consultation process gathered many comments and suggestions from the public and the industry which were considered and deliberated by the Committee before the Code was finalised. 3 Since the last revision to the Code in 2013, the proportion of the elderly population has increased from 11% to 14% in 20181 and is expected to reach 21% by 20252. The built environment will need to address the needs of our rapidly ageing population. As such, the Code refines existing requirements to allow more equitable access for elders and persons with disabilities. This includes more accessible parking lots within hospitals and shorter ramp runs for easier manoeuvring on wheelchairs. 4 At the same time, there has been a marked advancement in technology resulting in a proliferation of personal mobility aids in Singapore, such as motorised wheelchairs and scooters. This improved mobility allows the elderly as well as persons with disabilities more autonomy within our urban environment. In the latest revision to the Code, requirements are enhanced to accommodate this new mobility climate, such as requirements for larger accessible toilets for manoeuvring of larger mobility aids and refined design requirements for accessible lifts to enable easier use by persons on wheelchairs. 5 Apart from addressing the needs of an ageing population, the revised Code continues the path Singapore had started towards the realisation of an inclusive built environment. The Code introduces more accessibility and universal design features to improve the built environment for all. The provision of accessible changing rooms in selected developments allows persons with severe disabilities to be changed and cleaned up with dignity, while the mandatory provision of lactation rooms across more building types will allow mothers to feed their children or express milk in comfortable and private spaces. 1 Singapore Department of Statistics; https://www.tablebuilder.singstat.gov.sg 2 National Population and Talent Division; https://www.population.sg/articles/singapore-a-superaged-country viii CONTENT  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 6 The realisation of an accessible built environment for all requires a concerted effort from all industry stakeholders, including developers, professionals, builders and suppliers. The Code serves to stipulate essential accessibility provisions for various aspects of the built environment across a spectrum of building types. Developers and industry professionals should incorporate these requirements early during the design phase of the project, which together with early engagement with relevant users and stakeholders, will provide the best opportunity to shape an inclusive built environment while having minimal cost impact. 7 With a more refined and relevant set of accessibility requirements, the revised Code will address the future needs of various users including the elderly, families with children and persons with disabilities. Apart from fulfilling Singapore’s obligations under the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, the Code also demonstrates Singapore’s lead in advancing the ASEAN Enabling Masterplan 2025, by ensuring seamless connectivity and accessibility for all within Singapore and contributing to ASEAN’s commitment of creating an inclusive region, where persons with disabilities can navigate in the city and lead fulfilling lives. 8 The Building and Construction Authority would like to extend its appreciation to the members of the Code Review Committee, the industry and the public for contributing their invaluable time, inputs and efforts towards the review and development of this Code. BUILDING PLAN AND UNIVERSAL DESIGN DEPARTMENT BUILDING PLAN AND MANAGEMENT GROUP BUILDING AND CONSTRUCTION AUTHORITY ix CONTENT  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 CHAPTER 1 ACCESSIBILITY IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT ▪ Scope Cl 1.1 ▪ Definitions Cl 1.2 1.1 SCOPE Requirement and guidelines for accessibility 1.1.1 The aim of this Code is to set out the fundamental design and construction requirements and guidelines for making those buildings specified in Table 1 of Chapter 2 accessible to persons with disabilities and families with young children. 1.1.2 Where buildings are required to be designed for family-friendly environments where families with infants and young children are likely to congregate, the “Design Guidelines for Family-Friendly Facilities” in Appendix A are recommended for adoption. 1.1.3 Where buildings are required to be designed or retrofitted to provide accessibility and safety to future older and infirm populations, it is recommended that the “Design Guidelines for Older Persons” in Appendix B be adopted. 1.1.4 The requirements and guidelines in this Code are intended to apply to adult persons with disabilities. Where a building is required to be designed or retrofitted to accommodate children with disabilities, it is recommended that the "Design Guidelines for Children with Disabilities" in Appendix C be adopted. 1.1.5 Where a physical environment is needed to meet the needs of persons with visual impairment, it is recommended that the "Design Guidelines for Persons with Visual Impairment" in Appendix D be adopted. 1.1.6 In addition to the requirements specified in the Code, landscape designers are encouraged to adopt the “Design Guidelines for Parks and Open Spaces” as indicated in Appendix E for Parks and Open Spaces. 1.1.7 The requirements specified in the Code, relevant to the use of wheelchairs, are based on the dimensions of commonly used wheelchair sizes and users. For larger wheelchairs and motorised scooters, additional space allowances will have to be considered according to the needs of the intended users. 1.1.8 Persons with severe physical disabilities may have requirements beyond the standards provided in this Code. 1 Chapter 1  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 1.1.9 The information and guidelines in the Appendices are not mandatory requirements. 1.2 DEFINITIONS Definitions 1.2.1 For the purpose of this Code, the definitions below must apply: “accessible” describes a site, building, facility, pedestrian path and interconnection that complies with this Code and that can be approached, entered and used by persons with disabilities, older persons and other intended users as specified in this Code; “accessible changing room” is a facility that combines an individual washroom and a changing room for use by older children or adults with disabilities who require the help of caregivers to clean up and change diapers; “accessible route” is a continuous unobstructed path connecting all accessible elements and spaces in a building or facility that can be negotiated safely by persons with disabilities. This accessible path must not incorporate any step, drop, stairway, turnstile, revolving door, escalator or other impediment which would prevent it from being safely negotiated. Interior accessible routes must include doorways, corridors, floors, ramps, lifts and clear floor spaces at fixtures. Exterior accessible routes must include parking access aisles, kerb ramps, walkways and ramps; “access route plan” is a plan showing the barrier-free access to the building from adjacent buildings and nearest public facilities as well as barrier-free access within the building; “ambulant disabled” is a person who is able, either with or without personal assistance, and who may depend on prostheses (artificial limbs), orthoses (callipers), sticks, crutches or walking aids to walk or negotiate suitably graded steps with convenient handrails; “building” must include part of a building; “circulation path” is an exterior or interior way of passage from one place to another for pedestrians including walkways, hallways, courtyards, doorways, stairways and stair landings; “detectable warning surface” is a surface feature of contrasting colour, tone and texture, built in or applied to walking surfaces or other elements to alert persons with visual impairment of hazards on a circulation path; 2 Chapter 1  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 “family washroom” is a public, unisex washroom that is available for use by an individual and an accompanying child, family member or caregiver of the same or opposite sex; “grab bar” is a bar used to maintain balance and to give steadying, stabilising assistance or support in locations such as bathrooms, toilets and lifts; “guide dog” is a specially bred and extensively trained service animal that guides a blind or visually impaired person; “handrail” is a rail used to give stability and support in circulation areas such as corridors, passageways, ramps and stairways to assist in continuous movement; “individual washroom” is a compartment having the basic requirements of a water closet compartment, wash basin and other essential washroom accessories as required by persons with disabilities; “kerb” is a side barrier to a road or pavement; “kerb ramp” is a short ramp cutting through a kerb or built up to it; “operable part” is part of a piece of equipment or appliance used to insert or withdraw objects or to activate, deactivate, or adjust the equipment or appliance (for example, coin slot, push-button, handle); “persons with disabilities” are persons whose mobility and use of a building are affected as a consequence of one or more of the following physical or sensory disabilities or impairments: (a) mobility impairment; (b) mobility impairment which requires the use of wheelchair; (c) hearing impairment or deafness; or (d) visual impairment or blindness; “place of public resort” means a building or a defined or enclosed place used either as a church, chapel, mosque, temple or other place where public worship is or religious ceremonies are performed, or as a community club, country club, cinema, theatre, public exhibition/concert/lecture hall, public ballroom, museum, stadium or a public place of assembly for persons admitted thereto by tickets; 3 Chapter 1  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 “primary access route” is the main access route used by the occupants or visitors from the road to the main entrance and the key functional or activity areas of the place or building; “ramp” is an inclined way connecting one level to another; “secondary access route” is an access route provided in addition to the primary access route and caters to a lower volume of human traffic; “symbol” means the International Symbol of Access for persons with disabilities; “tactile” describes an object that can be perceived using the sense of touch; “tactile ground surface indicator” consists of warning indicators and directional indicators. It provides cues, which, when combined with other environmental information, assist people who are blind or vision-impaired with their orientation. Orientation is a person’s awareness of where they are, where they are going, and where they have been; “water closet compartment” is a compartment having a water closet with grab bars installed to assist persons with disabilities; “wheelchair user” is a person who depends on a wheelchair for mobility; “width” is the clear distance from one finished surface to another; “white cane” is a mobility aid to guide persons who are visually impaired and to detect obstructions as they move in the environment. 1.2.2 Unless otherwise specified, all dimensions shown in the figures in this Code are in millimetres (mm). 1.2.3 Where “must” is used in this Code, it refers to mandatory design requirements and where “should” is used, it refers to recommended design requirements. 1.2.4 Unless the context otherwise requires: (a) words importing the singular must include the plural and vice versa; and (b) words importing the masculine gender must include the feminine gender and vice versa. 4 Chapter 1  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 CHAPTER 2 PROVISIONS FOR ACCESSIBILITY ▪ Accessibility in the Built Environment Cl 2.1 ▪ Residential Development Cl 2.2 ▪ Minimum Accessible Provisions Cl 2.3 ▪ Inter-connectivity Cl 2.4 ▪ Exemptions Cl 2.5 ▪ Additions and Alterations Works Cl 2.6 2.1 ACCESSIBILITY IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT Application of accessibility in the built 2.1.1 The areas or levels in the types of buildings specified in Table 1 must be environment made accessible for persons with disabilities and other intended users in accordance with the provisions of this Code. 2.1.2 Where a site, building, facility, room, or space contains more than one use, each portion must comply with the applicable requirements for that use. TABLE 1 Accessibility for Persons with Disabilities and Families with Young Children Key provisions to note** Building Type Accessible Areas Sanitary Other provisions provision 1. Residential WC at common Cl 2.2 and Chapter 7. Buildings area. (a) 4 storeys and below All communal areas and (without lift access); facilities at 1st storey. (b) 4 storeys and below All communal areas and (with lift access); facilities. (c) 5 storeys and above. All communal areas and facilities. Note : **The table serves as a quick reference for key facilities and accessible features to be provided for the various building types. Relevant provisions that are specified in the Code must also be complied with. Legend AM : Water closet compartment for the ambulant disabled UGB : Urinal for the ambulant disabled WC : Accessible Toilet 5 Chapter 2  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 TABLE 1 (continued) Accessibility for Persons with Disabilities and Families with Young Children Key provisions to note** Building Type Accessible Areas Sanitary Other provisions provision 2. Shophouses First storey for non- WC Minimum 1 no. WC at 1st residential use must be Storey. Where space is a accessible to employees constraint, an AM may be or the public. considered. 3. Office buildings All areas intended for AM, UGB, WC Cl 6.8: Hearing enhancement access by employees or systems must be provided. the public. Cl 4.6.1.4, 4.11.1.2 and 5.1.8: Tactile and Braille signs must be provided. 4. Shopping All areas intended for AM, UGB, WC Cl 2.3.8: Seats and counters complexes and access by employees or must be provided. multi-purpose the public. complexes Cl 6.8: Hearing enhancement systems must be provided. Cl 6.9: Family-friendly facilities must be provided. Cl 4.6.1.4, 4.11.1.2 and 5.1.8: Tactile and Braille signs must be provided. Note : **The table serves as a quick reference for key facilities and accessible features to be provided for the various building types. Relevant provisions that are specified in the Code must also be complied with. Legend AM : Water closet compartment for the ambulant disabled UGB : Urinal for the ambulant disabled WC : Accessible Toilet 6 Chapter 2  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 TABLE 1 (continued) Accessibility for Persons with Disabilities and Families with Young Children Key provisions to note** Building Type Accessible Areas Sanitary Other provisions provision 5. Hotels, boarding All areas intended for AM, UGB, WC Cl 2.3.3: 1 in 100 guest houses, chalets access by employees, rooms to be accessible. and backpacker guests or the public. 1 in 50 guest rooms to be hotels elder friendly. Cl 6.8: Hearing enhancement systems must be provided. Cl 4.6.1.4, 4.11.1.2 and 5.1.8: Tactile and Braille signs must be provided. 6. Serviced apartments All areas intended for AM, UGB, WC Cl 2.3.4: 1 in 100 apartments access by employees, to be accessible. residents, visitors, or the public. Cl 4.6.1.4, 4.11.1.2 and 5.1.8: Tactile and Braille signs must be provided. 7. Places of public All areas intended for AM, UGB, WC Cl 2.3.5: Where permanent resort access by employees or fixed seating arrangements the public. are provided, wheelchair spaces are to be provided. Cl 6.8: Hearing enhancement systems must be provided. Cl 6.9: Family-friendly facilities must be provided. Cl 4.6.1.4, 4.11.1.2 and 5.1.8: Tactile and Braille signs must be provided. Note : **The table serves as a quick reference for key facilities and accessible features to be provided for the various building types. Relevant provisions that are specified in the Code must also be complied with. Legend AM : Water closet compartment for the ambulant disabled UGB : Urinal for the ambulant disabled WC : Accessible Toilet 7 Chapter 2  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 TABLE 1 (continued) Accessibility for Persons with Disabilities and Families with Young Children Key provisions to note** Building Type Accessible Areas Sanitary Other provisions provision 8. Parks and open All areas intended for AM, UGB, WC Cl 2.3.5: Where permanent spaces including access by employees or fixed seating arrangements zoos, civic plazas, the public. are provided, wheelchair etc. spaces are to be provided. Cl 6.9: Family-friendly facilities must be provided. 9. Sports complexes All areas intended for AM, UGB, WC Cl 2.3.7: At least one and public access by employees or individual shower stall must swimming pools the public. be accessible. Cl 6.8: Hearing enhancement systems must be provided. Cl 6.9: Family-friendly facilities must be provided. Cl 4.6.1.4, 4.11.1.2 and 5.1.8: Tactile and Braille signs must be provided. 10. Restaurants and All areas intended for AM, UGB, WC Cl 6.7: Wheelchair spaces eating access by employees or provision for eating outlets. establishments the public. 11. Markets and hawker All areas intended for AM, UGB, WC Cl 6.7: Wheelchair spaces or food centres access by employees or provision for eating outlets. the public. Cl 4.6.1.4, 4.11.1.2 and 5.1.8: Tactile and Braille signs must be provided. Note : **The table serves as a quick reference for key facilities and accessible features to be provided for the various building types. Relevant provisions that are specified in the Code must also be complied with. Legend AM : Water closet compartment for the ambulant disabled UGB : Urinal for the ambulant disabled WC : Accessible Toilet 8 Chapter 2  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 TABLE 1 (continued) Accessibility for Persons with Disabilities and Families with Young Children Key provisions to note** Building Type Accessible Areas Sanitary Other provisions provision 12. Transport stations, All areas intended for AM, UGB, WC Cl 2.3.10: At least one interchanges, and access by employees or entrance on each side of the passenger terminals the public. road must be made accessible. Cl 6.8: Hearing enhancement systems must be provided. Cl 6.9: Family-friendly facilities must be provided. Cl 4.6.1.4, 4.11.1.2 and 5.1.8: Tactile and Braille signs must be provided. 13. Pre-schools, All areas intended for AM*, UGB*, WC *AM and *UGB are not schools, colleges, access by employees, required in pre-schools, universities and students or the public. primary and secondary institutions of schools. learning Cl 6.8: Hearing enhancement systems must be provided. Cl 4.6.1.4, 4.11.1.2 and 5.1.8: Tactile and Braille signs must be provided except for pre-schools and schools. Note : **The table serves as a quick reference for key facilities and accessible features to be provided for the various building types. Relevant provisions that are specified in the Code must also be complied with. Legend AM : Water closet compartment for the ambulant disabled UGB : Urinal for the ambulant disabled WC : Accessible Toilet 9 Chapter 2  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 TABLE 1 (continued) Accessibility for Persons with Disabilities and Families with Young Children Key provisions to note** Building Type Accessible Areas Sanitary Other provisions provision 14. Hostels, halls of All areas intended for AM*, UGB*, WC Cl 2.3.6: At least one in residence or access by employees, every 100 rooms or part dormitories residents, students or thereof must be accessible. the public. *AM and *UGB are not required in hostels and halls of residence or dormitories for primary and secondary schools. Cl 6.8: Hearing enhancement systems must be provided. Cl 4.6.1.4, 4.11.1.2 and 5.1.8: Tactile and Braille signs must be provided. 15. Hospitals, health- All areas intended for AM, UGB, WC Sanitary facilities within the care centres, clinics, access by patients, wards or homes for nursing homes, residents, employees or patients/residents are to be homes for the aged the public. provided in accordance with and welfare homes the hospitals’ and homes’ requirements and needs. Cl 6.8: Hearing enhancement systems must be provided in hospitals and clinics. Cl 4.6.1.4, 4.11.1.2 and 5.1.8: Tactile and Braille signs must be provided in hospitals and clinics. Note : **The table serves as a quick reference for key facilities and accessible features to be provided for the various building types. Relevant provisions that are specified in the Code must also be complied with. Legend AM : Water closet compartment for the ambulant disabled UGB : Urinal for the ambulant disabled WC : Accessible Toilet 10 Chapter 2  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 TABLE 1 (continued) Accessibility for Persons with Disabilities and Families with Young Children Key provisions to note** Building Type Accessible Areas Sanitary Other provisions provision 16. Factories, All areas intended for WC Cl 2.3.11: Exception areas workshops, access by employees or applicable. industrial buildings the public. and office/showroom areas in warehouses 17. Worker dormitories. Designated area leading WC There must be at least one to accessible room. accessible room with accessible toilet and shower facilities. 18. Vehicle parks For vehicle parking Cl 3.5: Accessible parking (Surface parking, buildings and buildings lots provision to comply with vehicle parking with vehicle parking Table 2 or Table 2A where buildings or facilities, car parking applicable. buildings with areas are to be made vehicle parking accessible. This facilities) includes interconnectivity of the car parking area to lift lobbies and entrances as well as to adjacent buildings. 19. Taxi and bus All areas intended for Cl 3.4: Taxi shelters. shelters access by the public. Note : **The table serves as a quick reference for key facilities and accessible features to be provided for the various building types. Relevant provisions that are specified in the Code must also be complied with. Legend AM : Water closet compartment for the ambulant disabled UGB : Urinal for the ambulant disabled WC : Accessible Toilet 2.2 RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT Residential development 2.2.1 All communal areas and facilities within a residential development must be made accessible for persons with disabilities in accordance with the provisions of this Code. 11 Chapter 2  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 2.2.2 For residential development of 4-storey buildings and below without lift Exception access, all communal areas and facilities at 1st storey level must be accessible. 2.2.3 In the residential unit, Requirements within the residential (a) difference in levels between the floor of the entrance to the unit and the units abutting common area must not be more than 50 mm with manoeuvring space complying with clause 7.2; (b) there must be at least one bathroom with toilet and shower/bathing facilities in every residential unit that can be retrofitted for older persons and wheelchair users complying with clause 7.3; and (c) switches and socket outlets must be provided at a height of between 450 mm and 1200 mm from the floor level, complying with clause 7.4. Note: (1) Clause 2.2.3 must not apply to non-strata landed housing and serviced apartments. (2) Height of socket outlets in residential units’ kitchen must not be required to comply with clause 7.4.1. 2.3 MINIMUM ACCESSIBLE PROVISIONS 2.3.1 Banks and ticketing offices Banks and ticketing offices 2.3.1.1 At least one service counter must be provided in banks and ticketing offices for wheelchair users and persons with hearing impairment in accordance with the requirements of service and information counter and hearing enhancement systems in clauses 6.4 and 6.8 respectively. 2.3.2 Service booths Service booths 2.3.2.1 Where kiosks and/or dispensers such as automatic teller machines (ATMs), cash dispensers, cash deposit machines, electronic service stations (eg. AXS, SAM, multimedia kiosks), library book-drops are provided, at least one kiosk and/or dispenser must be made accessible. 2.3.3 Hotels, boarding houses, chalets and backpacker hotels Hotels, boarding houses, 2.3.3.1 In hotels, boarding houses, chalets and backpacker hotels, at least one in chalets and every 100 guestrooms or part thereof must be accessible. backpacker hotels 2.3.3.2 In addition to clause 2.3.3.1, at least one in every 50 guestrooms or part thereof must be provided with elder-friendly features such as grab bars in bathrooms and toilets. 12 Chapter 2  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 2.3.3.3 At least one service and information counter must be provided for wheelchair users and persons with hearing impairment in accordance with the requirements of service and information counters and hearing enhancement systems in clauses 6.4 and 6.8 respectively. Note: For hotels, boarding houses, chalets or backpacker hotels that are expected to cater to a larger number of persons with disabilities, the owners are encouraged to provide over and above the required minimum number of guestrooms. 2.3.4 Serviced apartments Serviced apartments 2.3.4.1 In serviced apartments, one in every 100 apartments or part thereof must be accessible. 2.3.5 Cinemas, theatres, concert halls, stadia and other places of public Cinemas, theatres, resort concert halls, stadia and 2.3.5.1 In cinemas, theatres, concert halls, stadia and other places of public resort other places of public resort where permanent fixed seating arrangements are provided, a minimum of two wheelchair spaces must be provided where there are 200 seats or less. Additionally, one wheelchair space must be provided for every subsequent 200 seats or part thereof. 2.3.5.2 The wheelchair spaces, each measuring 900 mm wide by 1200 mm deep, must be located alongside the fixed seats to enable wheelchair users to sit together with their able-bodied or ambulant companion. 2.3.5.3 At least one service and information counter must be provided for wheelchair users and persons with hearing impairment in accordance with the requirements of service and information counters and hearing enhancement systems in clauses 6.4 and 6.8 respectively. Note: (1) Wheelchair spaces should be an integral part of any seating plan. Efforts must be made to disperse the seating spaces throughout the seating area and in each pricing tier. (2) Persons in wheelchairs usually sit higher and their viewing positions should be arranged so as not to obstruct the view of persons who may be seated behind. 2.3.6 Hostels, halls of residence or dormitories Hostels, halls of residence or dormitories 2.3.6.1 In hostels, halls of residence or dormitories, at least one in every 100 rooms or part thereof must be accessible. 2.3.6.2 Hearing enhancement systems must be provided in accordance with clause 6.8. 13 Chapter 2  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 2.3.7 Sports complexes and public swimming pools Sports complexes and public 2.3.7.1 In sports complexes and public swimming pools, at least one individual swimming shower stall must be accessible. pools 2.3.7.2 At least one service and information counter must be provided for wheelchair users and persons with hearing impairment in accordance with the requirements of service and information counters and hearing enhancement systems in clauses 6.4 and 6.8 respectively. 2.3.8 Departmental stores, supermarkets, foyers and public concourses Departmental stores, supermarkets, 2.3.8.1 In departmental stores, supermarkets, foyers of places of public resort and foyers and public concourses, seats must be provided for persons who are unable to public concourses stand for long periods. 2.3.8.2 At least one accessible checkout lane and counter must be provided. 2.3.8.3 At least one service and information counter must be provided for wheelchair users and persons with hearing impairment in accordance with the requirements of service and information counters and hearing enhancement systems in clauses 6.4 and 6.8 respectively. Note: (1) It is recommended that seats be provided with armrests or grab bars to assist older persons or persons with disabilities to get up from the seats. (2) Where changing rooms are provided in departmental stores or supermarkets, it is recommended that at least one changing room should be provided with a foldable door, swing out doors or a curtain for wheelchair users. The size of the room should have a minimum dimension of 1000 mm by 1200 mm. 2.3.9 Halls and Auditoriums Halls and auditoriums 2.3.9.1 In halls and auditoriums where permanent fixed seating arrangement is provided, a minimum of two wheelchair spaces must be provided where there are 200 seats or less. Additionally, one wheelchair space must be provided for every subsequent 200 seats or part thereof. 2.3.9.2 The wheelchair spaces, each measuring 900 mm wide by 1200 mm deep, must be located alongside the fixed seats to enable wheelchair users to sit together with their able-bodied or ambulant companion. 2.3.9.3 Hearing enhancement systems must be provided in accordance with clause 6.8. 14 Chapter 2  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 2.3.10 Transport stations and Interchanges Transport stations and interchanges 2.3.10.1 Where entrances are located across roads, at least one entrance on each side of the road must be made accessible. 2.3.10.2 At least one service and information counter must be provided for wheelchair users and persons with hearing impairment in accordance with the requirements of service and information counters and hearing enhancement systems in clauses 6.4 and 6.8 respectively. 2.3.11 Industrial buildings Industrial buildings 2.3.11.1 Except the following areas, all areas in the industrial buildings intended for access by employees or the public must be accessible: (a) Process plants and structures which deals with the oil and gas industry, the refinery industry, the chemical industry and premises which handle chemicals, toxic materials and potential explosive compounds. This includes ancillary office areas located within the same development; (b) Areas with activities that require a “gowning regime” (e.g. clean or sterile rooms, etc.); (c) Production areas with heavy machinery, etc.; (d) Areas used for warehousing and storage. 2.3.11.2 For flatted factories or industrial buildings for multiple users, at least one accessible washroom must be provided at one of the toilet cluster common areas of every level. 2.4 INTER-CONNECTIVITY Barrier-free inter- connectivity 2.4.1 The provisions of this Code apply to building works within the development and it must be read in conjunction with LTA’s and NParks’ guidelines where street work/public footpaths and public open spaces/parks are involved respectively. Where interfaces between buildings and from building to infrastructures are involved, the developer/owner of the building works must ensure that accessibility right up to the interface is considered. 2.4.2 An access route plan showing the primary access route connecting from the Access route plan infrastructure to the entrance of the building and primary access route within the building must be provided for building plan approval. 15 Chapter 2  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 2.4.3 Footpaths in road reserve abutting development under construction must be Public footpaths kept barrier-free, unobstructed and free of construction activities and equipment. The footpath must be adequately protected from the debris of construction work. 2.4.4 In the event that the existing accessible public footpath has to be temporarily removed or altered, an alternative accessible footpath with a minimum width of 1200 mm has to be provided in addition to signage to direct users. 2.5 EXEMPTIONS General exceptions 2.5.1 The provisions of this Code must not apply to the areas which would pose a health or safety risk for persons with disabilities. These areas include the following: (a) Construction sites and structures which are directly associated with the process of construction; (b) Areas which are raised primarily for purposes of security, lifesaving, or fire safety, including but not limited to, observation or lookout galleries, prison guard towers, fire towers or life guard stands; (c) Plants, equipment rooms and machinery spaces; (d) Loading docks. 2.6 ADDITIONS AND ALTERATIONS WORKS Additions and alterations works 2.6.1 The provision of this Code must apply to all new areas and existing areas with extensive alteration works which require plan submission and approval from the Commissioner of Building Control. 16 Chapter 2  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 CHAPTER 3 ARRIVING AT THE BUILDING Objective : Accessible Approach and Entry All users must be able to arrive on the site, approach the building as well as enter safely and independently. At least one route of travel must be safe and accessible for everyone, including persons with disabilities. ▪ Access to Buildings Cl 3.1 ▪ Approach to Buildings Cl 3.2 ▪ Passenger Alighting and Boarding Points Cl 3.3 ▪ Taxi Shelters Cl 3.4 ▪ Accessible Vehicle Parking Cl 3.5 ▪ Kerb Ramps Cl 3.6 ▪ Pedestrian Crossing Cl 3.7 3.1 ACCESS TO BUILDINGS Access and entrance 3.1.1 The buildings specified in Table 1 of Chapter 2 must be provided with at least one accessible entrance door served by an approach complying with clause 3.2. 3.1.2 The access must be through the main entrance of the building. Note: If there are other main entrances, such entrances should also be made accessible. 3.1.3 Directional signs bearing the Symbol of Access must be displayed at all other non-accessible entrances to direct persons with disabilities to the accessible entrance. 3.1.4 At least one accessible route leading to an accessible entrance of the building must be provided from the alighting and boarding point of taxi shelters, bus shelters (if any) and vehicle parking lots for persons with disabilities. 3.1.5 The width of the accessible entrance door must not be less than 850 mm as described in clause 4.4 and the width of corridors or passageways leading to and from such access doors must be in accordance with clause 4.2. 17 Chapter 3  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 3.1.6 A permanent floor diagram of durable material indicating the accessible Overall floor diagram routes and facilities must be displayed at an appropriate place in every storey of a non-residential building. In the case of residential buildings, it must be displayed at an appropriate place where common facilities are provided. 3.2 APPROACH TO BUILDINGS Approach to buildings 3.2.1 A passenger alighting and boarding point complying with clause 3.3 should, where possible, be provided at the level of approach for persons with disabilities to alight from and board a vehicle. 3.2.2 Where transfers have to be made from vehicular surfaces to pedestrian surfaces, the driveways and pavements or footway surfaces must be ramped or blended to a common level. 3.2.3 Differences in levels between driveways and pavements or footways must be avoided. Where the difference is unavoidable, such drops must comply with clause 4.5 and Table 4. 3.3 PASSENGER ALIGHTING AND BOARDING POINTS Alighting and boarding points 3.3.1 At least one alighting and boarding point, if provided, must be sheltered. 3.3.2 Where there is a level difference, a passenger alighting and boarding point, as illustrated in Figure 1 (a), must: (a) provide an access aisle of at least 1200 mm wide by 4500 mm long adjacent and parallel to the vehicle pull-up space; (b) have a kerb ramp complying with clause 3.6 if there is a kerb between the access aisle and the vehicle pull-up space. 3.3.3 Where there is no level difference, a tactile warning indicator with contrasting colour must be provided as illustrated in Figure 1 (b). 18 Chapter 3  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 4500 min Alternate 900 position for min Contrasting kerb ramp Kerb ramp colour band Tactile warning indicator 1200 min Access aisle Road kerb Vehicular way (a) Passenger Alighting and Boarding Point with Kerb Ramp and Access Aisle Tactile warning indicator No level difference 1200 Access aisle min 600 min 300 Vehicular way (b) Passenger Alighting and Boarding Point with no level difference Figure 1 Passenger Alighting and Boarding Point Note: (1) Where bollards are used, it must comply with clause 4.2.4.5. (2) Bollards should be identifiable by using contrasting colours and should not be linked with ropes or chains to minimize hazards for people with visual impairment. 19 Chapter 3  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 3.4 TAXI SHELTERS Taxi shelters 3.4.1 General 3.4.1.1 At least one accessible route must be provided from the alighting and boarding point of a taxi shelter to the walkway that leads to the accessible building entrance. 3.4.1.2 The Symbol of Access, in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 8, must be installed to direct persons with disabilities to an accessible entrance. 3.4.2 Location 3.4.2.1 Taxi shelters should be located as near as possible to an accessible entrance. 3.4.2.2 A taxi bay should, where possible, be provided at the level of approach for persons with disabilities to alight and to board the vehicle. 3.4.2.3 Where transfers have to be made from a vehicular surface to a pedestrian surface, the driveways, pathways or walkways must be blended to a common level or ramped in accordance with Table 4 of Chapter 4. 3.4.3 Width 3.4.3.1 A clear passageway with a minimum width of 1200 mm as shown in Figure 2 must be provided. 3.4.4 Handrails 3.4.4.1 Where handrails are provided, it must: (a) comply with clause 4.7; and (b) be placed at a height of between 800 mm and 900 mm from the floor level. 3.4.5 Ramps 3.4.5.1 Where a taxi shelter is not on the same level with the access aisle, it must have two separate ramps, conforming to Table 4 of Chapter 4, for boarding and alighting as shown in Figure 2. 3.4.5.2 Where there is a kerb between the access aisle and the vehicle pick-up space, it must have a kerb ramp complying with clause 3.6. 20 Chapter 3  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 3.4.6 Seats 3.4.6.1 Seats must be provided at the taxi shelter for the ambulant disabled and these must not impede the movement of the wheelchair user. 3.4.6.2 Suitable armrests should be provided at the ends of the seats to assist the ambulant disabled or older persons to get up. Note: Bum rests should be avoided as they are not suitable for the ambulant disabled or older persons. Seats Roof eave line Contrasting colour band Railing 1200 min Ramp TAXI SHELTER Ramp for boarding Edge and alighting protection Contrasting 1200 min 900 min colour band Ramp for boarding Access aisle and alighting 175 TAXI BAY TAXI BAY Road kerb Vehicular way (a) Layout plan of Taxi Shelter TAXI TAXI (b) Front and side view of Taxi Shelter Figure 2 Taxi Shelter 21 Chapter 3  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 3.5 ACCESSIBLE VEHICLE PARKING Accessible Vehicle parking 3.5.1 Parking Provision Parking provision 3.5.1.1 Where vehicle parks are required to be provided, the number of accessible parking lots for vehicles driven by persons with disabilities must be in accordance with Table 2 except in hospitals: TABLE 2 Accessible Parking Lots Number of vehicle parking lots Number of accessible lots First 50 lots (1-50) 1 Next 50 lots (51-100) 1 Every subsequent 200 lots or any part 1 thereof 3.5.1.2 For hospitals, the number of accessible parking lots must be provided in accordance with Table 2A: TABLE 2A Accessible Parking Lots for Hospitals Number of vehicle parking lots Number of accessible lots First 50 lots (1-50) 2 Next 50 lots (51-100) 2 Every subsequent 200 lots or any part 1 thereof Note: (1) The number of accessible parking lots provided must be over and above the LTA’s parking requirements. (2) However, for small developments where the minimum requirement for car parking lots is 10 or less, no additional accessible parking lot is required provided one of the lots is designed and constructed in accordance with the specification in the Code but without displaying the Symbol of Access. Should the need arise; the car parking lot can be converted into an accessible lot. 3.5.2 Accessible Vehicle Parking Lots 3.5.2.1 An accessible vehicle parking lot must: Accessible vehicle parking lots (a) have a firm, level surface without aeration slabs; 22 Chapter 3  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 (b) have the minimum dimensions of 4800 mm by 3600 mm for angled parking as illustrated in Figure 3; and (c) have the minimum dimensions of 5400 mm by 3600 mm for parallel parking as illustrated in Figure 4. For parallel parking, where vehicles cannot be parked by reversing or where there are obstructions at the ends of the parking spaces, the minimum stall length must be 7200 mm. Vertical sign on wall Symbol of Access 4800 min 3600 min 3600 min Figure 3 Angled Parking for Accessible Lots PARKING AISLE 7200 min 5400 min 3600 min Wall or obstruction Vertical sign Symbol of Access on wall Figure 4 Parallel Parking for Accessible Lots 23 Chapter 3  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 3.5.3 Vehicle Park Entrance 3.5.3.1 Clear directional signs must be displayed at appropriate places to direct drivers with disabilities to the location of accessible parking lots before approaching the vehicle park entrance. 3.5.3.2 Vehicle park entrances must have a height clearance of at least 2000 mm. 3.5.4 Location 3.5.4.1 Accessible parking lots that serve a particular building must be located as close as possible to an accessible entrance and/or lift lobby. 3.5.4.2 For a vehicle park that does not serve a particular building, accessible parking lots must be linked to an accessible walkway which must not be part of the driveway. 3.5.4.3 The accessible route should not require wheelchair users to pass behind vehicles that may be backing out. Note: It is recommended that the minimum lighting for accessible parking lots should be in accordance with the current edition of SS 531. 3.5.5 Accessible Entrance 3.5.5.1 An accessible path leading to the entrance of the building, as shown in Figure Accessible entrance 5, must be level or have a kerb ramp complying with clause 3.6. 24 Chapter 3  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 Building Entrance Pathway to accessible building entrance Tactile warning indicator Sign on post Sign on wall Kerb Kerb ramp 4800 900 Symbol of Access min on parking lot 3600 3600 Figure 5 Access Levels 3.5.6 Auto-pay Machines 3.5.6.1 Vehicle park auto-pay machines must: Auto-pay machines (a) be located on the same level as the accessible vehicle parking lots; and (b) have the operable parts complying with clause 6.2. 3.5.7 Symbol of Access Symbol of Access 3.5.7.1 The Symbol of Access, in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 8, must be clearly marked on the accessible parking lots for vehicles driven by persons with disabilities only. 3.5.7.2 The Symbol of Access painted or marked on the designated lot must comply with clause 8.2.2 and the following: (a) a white stylized figure with dimensions of at least 1000 mm but not more than 1500 mm in length on a blue background; and (b) be located in the centre of the lot. 25 Chapter 3  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 3.5.8 Signage Signage 3.5.8.1 The Symbol of Access in accordance with clause 8.2.2 must be displayed at entrances to car parks to indicate the provision of accessible vehicle parking lots for persons with disabilities within the parking vicinity. 3.5.8.2 Directional signs as shown in Figure 6 must be displayed at points where there is a change of direction to direct persons with disabilities to the accessible parking lots. Figure 6 Directional Sign 3.5.8.3 Where the location of the accessible parking lots is not obvious or is distant from the approach viewpoints, directional signs should be placed along the route leading to the accessible parking lots. 3.5.8.4 Accessible parking lots must be identified by the Symbol of Access in accordance with clause 8.2.2. A vehicle parked in the designated lot must not obscure such signs. 3.5.8.5 Vertical signs must be provided immediately adjacent to the parking lots to make them readily visible. Examples of signage at accessible parking lots are shown in Figure 7. 3.5.8.6 Vertical signs must: (a) have a dimension of at least 450 mm by 450 mm; 26 Chapter 3  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 (b) be installed at a height of at least 1500 mm from the floor surface to the centre of the sign; and (c) have the telephone number of the building management, Town Council or the relevant authority clearly printed on them for the purpose of reporting unauthorised parking. Figure 7 Examples of Signage at Accessible Parking Lot 3.6 KERB RAMPS Kerb ramps 3.6.1 General 3.6.1.1 Kerb ramps: (a) do not require handrails; (b) must not project onto a road surface; (c) must be located or protected to prevent obstruction by parked vehicles; and (d) must be free from any obstruction, such as signposts, traffic lights, bollards and the like. 3.6.1.2 The gradient of a kerb ramp must not be steeper than 1:10. 27 Chapter 3  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 3.6.1.3 The width of a kerb ramp must be at least 900 mm. 3.6.1.4 Where the vertical rise is greater than 175 mm, the kerb ramp must also conform to the requirements of clause 4.6. 3.6.1.5 Surfaces of kerb ramps must: (a) be slip-resistant; (b) have a detectable warning surface of 600 mm depth where the colour and texture are contrasted with the adjacent surfaces; and (c) where kerb ramps are located at road crossings or other identified paths Tactile warning indicators intended for pedestrian use in crossing a vehicular way, have a detectable warning surface in the form of tactile warning indicators. Note: A textured surface will assist in giving a secure foothold to the ambulant disabled. The use of detectable warning surfaces at change in levels will assist persons with visual impairment. Tactile warning indicators must be used at areas where pedestrian ways meet vehicular ways at the same level. 3.6.2 Kerb ramps with flared sides Kerb ramps with flared sides 3.6.2.1 Kerb ramps must have flared sides where pedestrians are likely to walk across them as shown in Figure 8. 3.6.2.2 The gradient of the flared sides must not be steeper than 1:10. 3.6.3 Kerb ramps with returned/continuous kerbs Kerb ramps with returned/ continuous 3.6.3.1 Kerb ramps with returned/continuous kerbs as shown in Figure 9 are an kerbs alternative approach that can be used where pedestrians are not expected to walk across the ramps. 3.6.4 Kerb ramps with built-up/extended kerbs Kerb ramps with built-up/ extended kerbs 3.6.4.1 Kerb ramps with built-up or extended kerbs as shown in Figure 10 are not recommended if they project into roadways as they are dangerous to users and obstructive to vehicles. 3.6.5 Parallel kerb ramps Parallel kerb ramps 3.6.5.1 Parallel kerb ramps as shown in Figure 11 are recommended for narrow walkways. 28 Chapter 3  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 Figure 8 Kerb Ramp with Flared Sides Ra m Up p 60 0 30 0 Figure 9 Kerb Ramp with Returned/Continuous Kerbs 29 Chapter 3  CODE ON ACCESSIBILITY 2019 mp er Ra steep 0 t :1 No an 1 th Ra 60 No mp 0 ts U tha tee p 30 0 n 1 per :10 mp er Ra te