Technology in Action Chapter 2 PDF

Technology in Action 16th Edition, Global Edition Chapter 2 Looking at Computers: Understanding the Parts Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education Ltd. Learning Objectives (1 of...

Technology in Action 16th Edition, Global Edition Chapter 2 Looking at Computers: Understanding the Parts Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education Ltd. Learning Objectives (1 of 3) 2.1 Describe the four main functions of a computer system and how they interact with data and information. 2.2 Define bits and bytes, and describe how they are measured, used, and processed. 2.3 List common types of computers, and discuss their main features. 2.4 Identify the main types of keyboards and touch screens. 2.5 Describe the main types of mice and pointing devices. 2.6 Explain how images, sounds, and sensor data are input into computing devices. Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education Ltd. Learning Objectives (2 of 3) 2.7 Describe options for outputting images and audio from computing devices. 2.8 Describe various types of printers, and explain when you would use them. 2.9 Describe the functions of the motherboard and RAM. 2.10 Explain the main functions of the CPU. 2.11 Describe the various means of storing data and information with computing devices. Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education Ltd. Learning Objectives (3 of 3) 2.12 Describe common types of ports used today. 2.13 Describe how to manage power consumption on computing devices. 2.14 Define ergonomics, and discuss the ideal physical setup for using computing devices. Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education Ltd. Understanding Your Computer Computers are Data Processing Devices (Objective 2.1) Computer performs four major functions 1. Input: Gathers data, allows entering data 2. Process: Manipulates, calculates, or organizes data 3. Output: Displays data and information 4. Storage: Saves data and information Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education Ltd. Understanding Your Computer Binary: The Language of Computers (Objective 2.2) Bit –Binary digit –0 or 1 Byte –Unique combinations of 8 bits of 0s and 1s Kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, terabytes, and petabytes Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education Ltd. Understanding Your Computer Types of Computers (Objective 2.3) Cell phones Tablets Laptops and their variants Stationary computers Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education Ltd. Input Devices Physical Keyboards and Touch Screens (Objective 2.4) Used to enter data and instructions Examples –Keyboard –Touch screen –Stylus –Virtual keyboard Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education Ltd. Input Devices Mice and Other Pointing Devices (Objective 2.5) Mouse Touch pad (trackpad) Game controllers Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education Ltd. Input Devices Image, Sound, and Sensor Input (Objective 2.6) Popular for images –Digital cameras –Camcorders –Mobil device cameras –Flatbed scanners –Webcams Popular for sound –Microphone with voice recognition software Sensors Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education Ltd. Output Devices Image and Audio Output (1 of 3) (Objective 2.7) Send data out of the computer in the form of: –Text –Pictures –Sounds –Video Examples –Monitors –Printers –Speakers and headphones/earbuds Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education Ltd. Output Devices Image and Audio Output (2 of 3) (Objective 2.7) Types of display screens –Liquid crystal display (LCD) –Light-emitting diode (LED) –Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) How they work –Pixels –Aspect ratio –Resolution Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education Ltd. Output Devices Image and Audio Output (3 of 3) (Objective 2.7) Speaker –Output device for sound –Surround-sound speakers –Wireless speaker systems Headphones or earbuds –Hearing might be damaged by excessive volume when using earbuds Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education Ltd. Output Devices Printers (1 of 2) (Objective 2.8) Inkjet –Affordable –High-quality color –Quick and quiet Laser –Faster printing speed –Higher-quality printouts –More expensive Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education Ltd. Output Devices Printers (2 of 2) (Objective 2.8) Cloud-ready printers All-in-one printer –Printer, scanner, copier, and fax Large format printer –Prints oversize images 3D printer Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education Ltd. Processing and Memory on the Motherboard The Motherboard and Memory (Objective 2.9) Motherboard –CPU –ROM, RAM, and cache –Slots for expansion cards –Sound/video cards –Network interface card (NIC) Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education Ltd. Processing and Memory on the Motherboard Processing (1 of 2) (Objective 2.10) Central processing unit (CPU) or processor –“Brains” of the computer –Controls all functions of the computer’s components –Processes all commands and instructions –Gigahertz (billions of tasks per second) Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education Ltd. Processing and Memory on the Motherboard Processing (2 of 2) (Objective 2.10) CPU performance measures –Processor speed measured in hertz (Hz) ▪Gigahertz (GHz) –Number of cores ▪Single ▪Dual ▪Quad ▪Ten Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education Ltd. Storing Data and Information Storage Options on Computing Devices (1 of 3) (Objective 2.11) Local storage devices –Hard disk drive ▪Primary storage device ▪Nonvolatile storage ▪Internal drive ▪External hard drive –Solid-state drive (SSD) Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education Ltd. Storing Data and Information Storage Options on Computing Devices (2 of 3) (Objective 2.11) Portable storage options –Flash drive –Flash memory card Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education Ltd. Storing Data and Information Storage Options on Computing Devices (3 of 3) (Objective 2.11) Cloud storage –Files stored on the Internet –Some amount is free –Can purchase additional storage Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education Ltd. Connecting Peripherals to the Computer Ports (Objective 2.12) Thunderbolt –Transfer speeds up to 40 Gbps Universal serial bus (USB) port –Transfer speeds of 10 Gbps Connectivity port –Ethernet port –Up to 10,000 Mbps HDMI port Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education Ltd. Power Management and Ergonomics Power Controls and Power Management (Objective 2.13) Battery drain Power supply Sleep mode Warm/cold boot Hibernate Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education Ltd. Power Management and Ergonomics Setting It All Up: Ergonomics (1 of 2) (Objective 2.14) Ergonomics Guidelines –Monitor position –Adjustable chair –Proper typing position –Breaks –Adequate lighting Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education Ltd. Power Management and Ergonomics Setting It All Up: Ergonomics (Objective 2.14) Assistive (adaptive) technologies –Voice recognition or special keyboards for visually impaired –Special trackballs for users with motor control issues Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education Ltd. Copyright All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Copyright © 2021 Pearson Education Ltd.