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# Digestive System - Spanish Notes This document appears to be notes on the digestive system, written in Spanish. Here's a summary of the key points: ## Parts of the Digestive System * **Pharynx (Faringe):** A muscular tube connecting the mouth to the esophagus. It is part of both the digestiv...

# Digestive System - Spanish Notes This document appears to be notes on the digestive system, written in Spanish. Here's a summary of the key points: ## Parts of the Digestive System * **Pharynx (Faringe):** A muscular tube connecting the mouth to the esophagus. It is part of both the digestive and respiratory systems. It prevents food from entering the windpipe. * **Esophagus (Esófago):** A 25cm long tube that moves food into the stomach via peristalsis (rhythmic muscle contractions). * **Stomach (Estómago):** A muscular pouch in the upper abdomen that stores and partially digests food. * **Small Intestine (Intestino Delgado):** Divided into three sections (duodenum, jejunum, ileum). The duodenum mixes food with bile (from the liver) and pancreatic juices (from the pancreas). The jejunum and ileum absorb nutrients. The walls are lined with villi and microvilli to increase the surface area for absorption. * **Large Intestine (Intestino Grueso):** A wider but shorter tube than the small intestine, responsible for absorbing water, salts and electrolytes (ex: sodium and chlorine) Contains bacteria that ferment undigested material. The material is compacted into feces. * **Rectum (Recto):** The final portion of the large intestine, where feces are stored until expulsion. * **Anus (Ano):** The opening through which feces are eliminated from the body. ## Digestion Processes * **Chemical Digestion:** Stomach acid denatures proteins and kills microorganisms. Pepsin breaks down proteins. Mucus protects the stomach lining from acid. * **Mechanical Digestion:** Muscle contractions in the stomach mix food with digestive juices. **Other Important Notes:** - The text also mentions the epiglottis (a flap that covers the trachea during swallowing), the different enzymes involved in digestion (e.g., bile, pancreatic juices), how different parts of the small intestine are responsible for specific tasks (e.g., bile mixing in the duodenum), absorption and recycling of bile salts, and the role of the large intestine in absorbing water and electrolytes and forming feces.