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# Introduction (3 of 4) * **Time-Based Capnography** * A typical single-breath time-based capnogram comprises of four phases. * CO2 concentration plotted against time (time-based capnography); PCO2, partial pressure of CO2 in the expired gas; PETCO2, partial pressure of end-tidal CO2 (Diag...

# Introduction (3 of 4) * **Time-Based Capnography** * A typical single-breath time-based capnogram comprises of four phases. * CO2 concentration plotted against time (time-based capnography); PCO2, partial pressure of CO2 in the expired gas; PETCO2, partial pressure of end-tidal CO2 (Diagram showing a graph with time on the x-axis and PCO2 on the y-axis. The graph displays four phases (Phase I, Phase II, Phase III, and Phase IV) each with different shapes and values corresponding to different stages of single breath.) # Introduction (4 of 4) * **Volume-Based Capnography (volumetric capnography)** * CO2 concentration plotted against exhaled volume (volume-based capnography). VD, volume of anatomic dead space; VT, tidal volume; PETCO2, partial pressure of end-tidal CO2; PaCO2, partial pressure of arterial CO2 (Diagram showing a graph with exhaled volume on the x-axis and PCO2 on the y-axis. The graph displays the relationship between CO2 concentration and exhaled volume, highlighting the volume of anatomic dead space and alveolar plateau, and the corresponding values for PETCO2 and PaCO2.) **Note:** The figures referenced (Figure 7-1 and Figure 7-2) are diagrams. They show graphs illustrating time-based and volume-based capnography, respectively. The x-axis in both graphs represents time and exhaled volume, and the y-axis represents PCO2 values. The diagrams also show different phases and key areas like the alveolar plateau. Values for key variables (e.g., VT, VD, PETCO2, PaCO2) are labeled.