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# Farming System **1.1 Farming & Farming System** **Basic Information on Farming** * **Crops & Livestock:** Farming, also known as agriculture, involves growing crops and raising livestock. Crops and livestock produced from farms are known as farm produce. * **Food & Raw Materials:** These farm...

# Farming System **1.1 Farming & Farming System** **Basic Information on Farming** * **Crops & Livestock:** Farming, also known as agriculture, involves growing crops and raising livestock. Crops and livestock produced from farms are known as farm produce. * **Food & Raw Materials:** These farm products are primarily used for food and raw materials for industries such as clothes (e.g., wool). * **System Approach:** Farming works like a system, which includes inputs, processes, and outputs. **Inputs:** * These are the things needed for farming. * **Physical Inputs:** Sunlight, soil nutrients, land, rainfall, and air temperature. * **Cultural Inputs:** Technology, labor, fertilizers, pesticides, and capital. **Processes:** * These are the types of farm work that convert inputs into outputs. * Ploughing, irrigating, fertilizing, harvesting, and feeding are common examples. **Outputs:** * These are the things produced by the farm. * **Useful Outputs:** Food, farm produce. * **Useless Outputs:** Pollutants, animal waste, sewage, and crop residue. * **Types of Outputs:** * **Cash Crops:** If sold for money. * **Subsistence Crops:** If used as food for farmers. **Feedback:** * Feedback refers to the things put back into the system. * **Examples:** Money, knowledge, and skills of farmers, fertilizer. **Summary Table:** | Category | Description | |---|---| | **Inputs** | Items needed for farming | | **Physical** | Sunlight, soil, land, rainfall, temperature | | **Cultural** | Technology, labor, fertilizer, pesticides, capital | | **Processes** | Farm work converting inputs to outputs | | **Outputs** | Items produced by the farm | | **Useful** | Food, Farm produce | | **Useless** | Pollutants, animal waste, sewage, residue |