Chapter 1: Information Technology, the Internet, and You PDF

1 Chapter Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.  Presentation Tips Click the mouse to advance the slides...

1 Chapter Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.  Presentation Tips Click the mouse to advance the slides Click the hyperlink to directly advance to the slide associated with the link; click Return to go back to the calling slide associated with the hyperlink Discussion questions are set to progressively appear on each mouse click Computing Essentials 2015 All key terms are defined in the speakers notes for all chapters 1-2  Learning Objectives Explain the parts of an information system: people, procedures, software, hardware, data, and the Internet. Distinguish between system software and application software. Differentiate between the kinds of system software programs. Define and compare general purpose, specialized, and mobile applications. Identify the four types of computers and the four types of personal computers. Describe the different types of computer hardware, including the system unit, input, output, storage, and communication devices. Computing Essentials 2015 Define data and describe document, worksheet, database, and presentation files. Explain computer connectivity, the wireless revolution, the Internet, and cloud computing. 1-3  Introduction Personal computers are common tools in all areas of life. New forms of learning have developed. College course does not have to be a quarter or semester any longer. Computers offer many new ways to Computing Essentials 2015 communicate. 1-4  Parts of an Information System People Hardware Procedures (“software for humans”) Data Software The Internet Computing Essentials 2015 1-5  People Most important part of any system Contact is Direct Indirect Humans are both the weakest link in an information system and a source of flexibility Procedures are the rules /conventions/social mores that determine how an information system is used Computer uses Computing Essentials 2015 Entertainment Business Medicine Education 1-6  Software There are two major kinds of software: System Software Application Software The purpose of software is to convert data into information. Computing Essentials 2015 1-7  System Software Enables application software to interact with the computer hardware Background software helps manage resources Collection of programs Operating Systems Utilities Device Drivers Computing Essentials 2015 1-8  System Software cont. Operating System Coordinates computer resources Provides the user interface Runs applications Computing Essentials 2015 Return 1-9  System Software cont. Utilities Like sewage, water, and electricity you only miss them when they are gone Perform specific tasks related to managing computer resources Antivirus Program Device Drivers Computing Essentials 2015 Can be thought of as a “language” spoken by the operating system and the hardware Programs designed to allow input or output devices to communicate with the computer 1-10  Hardware – Types of Computers  All computers have memory, processing capacity, input ,and output  Supercomputers  Mainframe computers  Servers / cloud computers: accessed by users remotely, often rented to users instead of owned  Personal computers: Computing Essentials 2015 desktops, laptops, Smartphones 1-11  Application Software End-user software Three types General-Purpose applications Specialized applications Mobile apps Computing Essentials 2015 1-12  Personal Computer Types Desktop Tablet PC Laptop (Notebook) Handheld Computing Essentials 2015 1-13  Personal Computer Hardware Four basic categories of equipment System Unit Input/Output Secondary Storage Communications Computing Essentials 2015 1-14  System Unit Two important components Microprocessor Memory Holds data currently being processed Holds the processed information before it is output Temporary storage, contents are lost when Computing Essentials 2015 power is off Return 1-15  Input/Output Devices Input Keyboard Mouse Output Printer Computing Essentials 2015 Monitor Return 1-16  Secondary Storage Holds data and programs even if power is off Hard disk (HD) Solid-state storage No moving parts (more shock resistant) More reliable Requires less power (why do we care?) More expensive than hard disks (if this wasn’t the case, than these would have replaced HDs completely) Optical disc Computing Essentials 2015 Laser technology Great capacity CDs, DVDs, Blu-ray Return 1-17  Communications Communication devices, such as modems, provide personal computers with the ability to communicate with other computer systems Modems modify audio, video and other types of data into a form that can be transmitted across the Internet Computing Essentials 2015 1-18  Data Raw, unprocessed facts Document files Processed data becomes information Worksheet files Dividing line between data and Database files information is blurry. Depending upon the context the same thing Presentation files might be either data or information. (temperature/climate model Computing Essentials 2015 example) Digital data is stored electronically in files 1-19  Document Files Created by word processors Term papers Memos Letters Computing Essentials 2015 Return 1-20  Worksheet Files Created by electronic spreadsheets to analyze things like budgets and to predict sales Computing Essentials 2015 Return 1-21  Database Files Typically created by database management programs to contain highly structured and organized data For when Excel isn’t enough Computing Essentials 2015 Return 1-22  Presentation Files Created by presentation graphics programs to prepare presentation materials. Computing Essentials 2015 1-23  Connectivity and the Mobile Internet Connectivity Sharing of information Mobile/Wireless devices Cloud computing and the Wireless Revolution Computer networks Connected communication system of computers Largest network is the Internet Cloud Computing Computing Essentials 2015 Uses the Internet and the Web to shift many computer activities from a user’s computer to computers on the Internet 1-24  Careers in IT For a complete listing of careers, visit http://www.mhhe.com/ce2015/ Select Student Edition and then Careers Career Description Webmaster Develops and maintains websites and web resources. See page 52 Software Engineer Analyzes users’ needs and creates application software. See page 81 Computer Support Specialist Provides technical support to customers and other users. See Computing Essentials 2015 page 105 Computer Technician Repairs and install computer components and systems. See page 132 Technical Writer Prepares instruction manuals, technical reports, and other scientific or technical documents. See page 159 Network Administrator Creates and maintains computer networks. See page 213 1-25  A Look to the Future Using and Understanding Information Technology The Internet and the Web Powerful Software Powerful Hardware Security, Privacy and Ethics Organizations Changing Times Computing Essentials 2015 1-26  Open-Ended Questions (Page 1 of 2) Explain the parts of an information system. What part do people play in this system? What is system software? What kinds of programs are included in system software? Define and compare general-purpose applications, specialized, applications and apps. Describe some different types of general-purpose applications. Describe some types Computing Essentials 2015 of specialized applications. 1-27  Open-Ended Questions (Page 2 of 2) Describe the different types of computers. What is the most common type? What are the types of personal computers? What is connectivity? What are wireless devices and the wireless revolution? What is a computer network? What are the Internet and the Web? What is cloud computing? Computing Essentials 2015 1-28