IMG_E62811D1-31BE-4FF7-92EC-44C5CF3A32B8.jpeg

# Unit 4-The Skeletal System Study Guide (ISN pages 44-61) ## Learning Intentions: * Identify the five functions of the skeletal system. (CFA #1) * Identify and describe the features of a long bone. (CFA #1) * Compare and contrast the anatomy and histology of compact and spongy bone and the...

# Unit 4-The Skeletal System Study Guide (ISN pages 44-61) ## Learning Intentions: * Identify the five functions of the skeletal system. (CFA #1) * Identify and describe the features of a long bone. (CFA #1) * Compare and contrast the anatomy and histology of compact and spongy bone and the location and function of each. * Identify the roles of osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts in bone growth and ossification. (CFA #2) * Describe the role of calcitonin and parathyroid hormone in regulating blood calcium levels (skeletal homeostasis). (CFA #2) * Differentiate the axial and appendicular skeletons and be able to identify the major bones of each. * Identify the types of joints, describe the movement of each, and classify as fibrous, synovial, or cartilaginous. * Describe the diseases and disorders of the skeletal system and the homeostatic imbalance involved with each. ## Intro to the Skeleton/Anatomy of a Long Bone (ISN 45-46) and CFA #1 1. Describe the functions of the skeletal system. 2. How are bones classified? List an example for each classification. 3. Describe and be able to identify/label the anatomical features of a long bone. ## Microscopic Anatomy of Bone (ISN 48) 1. Where do we find spongy bone compared to compact bone and how do they differ? * Identify the structural components of each type of bone (trabeculae, bone marrow, structure of an osteon, etc.). Be able to label the following parts of compact bone: Central/Haversian canal, osteocyte, canaliculi. 2. Compare and contrast osteocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts. ## Bone Formation and Remodeling and Skeletal Homeostasis (ISN 49, 51 and 52 and your wheel) and CFA #2 1. Describe the process of bone formation in utero (developing baby). 2. Describe the composition of bone and the importance of each component. 3. Describe the process of bone remodeling (include hormones, important cells, etc) 4. Describe the four steps that occur when a broken bone is repaired. ## Axial and Appendicular Skeleton and Joints (ISN 53-59) 1. Be able to identify the sections of the axial and appendicular skeleton and the major bones found in each (including specific bones of the skull) 2. Describe the vertebral column and the importance of its curvature. 3. Compare the structure of the three types of joints and know the specifics of the synovial joint. What is a suture? Identify the components of a synovial joint. 4. Be able to compare and contrast the types of synovial joints and their various ranges of movement (give examples of each type) 5. Know the role of tendons and ligaments. ## Bone Mapping (ISN 61) 1. Be able to define the bone features you took notes on and identify the required bone markings on the bone you chose to research (See Handout as needed) **Remember to study all bellwork questions, be familiar with important vocabulary (see board), review your CFA 1 and 2, and lab activities from this unit as well as your PRS terms too.** **Source:** [Image of document] **(Note: Image is not included in this response.)**