Understanding Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) PDF

Understanding Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gio56m 1. Address Reso- A protocol used to determine the destination MAC address lution Protocol of a local device when its IPv4 address is known. (ARP) 2. MAC Address...

Understanding Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gio56m 1. Address Reso- A protocol used to determine the destination MAC address lution Protocol of a local device when its IPv4 address is known. (ARP) 2. MAC Address A physical address used for Ethernet NIC to Ethernet NIC communications on the same network. 3. IP Address A logical address used to send packets from the original source to the final destination. 4. Destination on When the destination IP address is on the same network, Same Network the destination MAC address will be that of the destination device. 5. Destination on When the destination IP address is on a remote network, Remote Network the destination MAC address will be the address of the host's default gateway. 6. ARP Functions ARP provides two basic functions: resolving IPv4 address- es to MAC addresses and maintaining a table of IPv4 to MAC address mappings. 7. Router's Role in Routers examine the destination IPv4 address, de-encap- ARP sulate Layer 2 information, and encapsulate the IP packet in a new data link frame for the outgoing interface. 8. Impact of ARP ARP requests can impact network and host performance Requests as well as pose potential security risks. 9. Domain Name Most applications use DNS to determine the IP address System (DNS) when given a domain name such as www.cisco.com. 10. Next-hop Device The device that the router determines to be the next desti- nation for the packet based on the destination IP address. 11. De-encapsula- The process by which a router removes Layer 2 informa- tion tion from an Ethernet frame. 12. Encapsulation The process of wrapping an IP packet in a new data link frame for transmission. 1/6  Understanding Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gio56m 13. Ethernet Frame A data packet that includes both the MAC address and the data being transmitted over an Ethernet network. 14. Local IPv4 Net- A network where devices can communicate directly using work their MAC addresses. 15. Default Gateway The device that routes traffic from a local network to des- tinations outside that network. 16. PDU Protocol Data Unit, a term used to describe a single unit of data at a specific layer of the network model. 17. Ethernet NIC Network Interface Card that allows a device to connect to an Ethernet network. 18. Network Perfor- The efficiency and speed of data transmission across a mance network. 19. Security Risks of Potential vulnerabilities associated with ARP that can be ARP exploited by attackers. 20. IPv4 Address A 32-bit address used to identify a device on a network. 21. MAC Address The association between an IPv4 address and its corre- Mapping sponding MAC address maintained by ARP. 22. Communicating The process of devices exchanging data directly using on a Local their MAC addresses within the same network. Network 23. Communicating The process of sending data to a device on a different on a Remote network, requiring routing through a default gateway. Network 24. ARP Address Resolution Protocol, a protocol used to map an IPv4 address to a MAC address. 25. ARP Table A table or cache in RAM memory that stores the mapping of IPv4 addresses to MAC addresses. 2/6  Understanding Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gio56m 26. ARP Request A message sent by a device to determine the MAC ad- dress associated with a specific IPv4 address when no entry is found in its ARP table. 27. ARP Reply A response sent by the device that has the target IPv4 address associated with an ARP request. 28. IPv6 Neighbor A process similar to ARP for IPv4, which uses ICMPv6 Discovery messages for address resolution. 29. ARP Cache Timer A timer that removes ARP entries that have not been used for a specified period of time. 30. show ip arp com- A command used on a Cisco router to display the ARP mand table. 31. arp -a command A command used on a Windows 10 PC to display the ARP table. 32. Wireshark A network protocol analyzer used to capture and view Ethernet frames, including ARP and IP addressing. 33. ARP Cache A temporary storage area that holds the IP-to-MAC ad- dress mappings for quick reference. 34. IPv4 Address A unique identifier for a device on a network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication. 35. MAC Address A hardware address that uniquely identifies each device on a network segment. 36. Default Gateway The device that routes traffic from a local network to other networks, often requiring ARP requests and replies. 3/6  Understanding Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gio56m 37. ARP Entry Re- The process of deleting an entry from the ARP table, which moval may require sending a new ARP request to re-establish the mapping. 38. Local Network A network where devices can communicate directly with- out the need for routing. 39. Animation of A visual demonstration showing how ARP operates in ARP Function encapsulating packets into Ethernet frames. 40. ICMP Frames Internet Control Message Protocol frames that are used for error messages and operational information in a net- work. 41. ARP Mapping The sequence of sending an ARP request and receiving Process an ARP reply to establish the mapping of an IPv4 address to a MAC address. 42. Operating Sys- Variations in the ARP cache timer settings based on the tem Differences operating system of the device. 43. Demonstration of An example showing how a device sends an ARP request ARP Request to find the MAC address for a specific IPv4 address. 44. Demonstration of An example showing how a device responds to an ARP ARP Reply request with the corresponding MAC address. 45. ARP Broadcasts As a broadcast frame, an ARP request is received and processed by every device on the local network. 46. Impact of ARP On a typical business network, these broadcasts would Broadcasts have minimal impact on network performance. 47. Performance Re- If many devices start accessing network services at the duction same time, there can be reduction in performance for a short time. 48. ARP Learning 4/6  Understanding Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gio56m After the devices send out the initial ARP broadcasts and have learned the necessary MAC addresses, any impact on the network will be minimized. 49. ARP Spoofing The use of ARP can lead to a potential security risk in some cases. 50. ARP Poisoning A threat actor uses ARP spoofing to perform an ARP Attack poisoning attack. 51. ARP Spoofing It is a technique used by a threat actor to reply to an ARP Technique request for an IPv4 address belonging to another device, such as the default gateway. 52. ARP Reply Ma- The threat actor sends an ARP reply with its own MAC nipulation address. 53. ARP Table Modi- The receiver of the ARP reply will add the wrong MAC fication address to its ARP table and send these packets to the threat actor. 54. IP Addresses IP addresses are used to identify the address of the orig- inal source device and the final destination device. 55. MAC Addresses MAC addresses are used to deliver the data link frame with the encapsulated IP packet from one NIC to another NIC on the same network. 56. ARP Functionali- ARP is used to map the logical IPv4 address with the Layer ty 2 MAC address. 57. ARP Basic Func- ARP provides two basic functions: resolving IPv4 address- tions es to MAC addresses and maintaining a table of IPv4 to MAC address mappings. 5/6  Understanding Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gio56m 58. ARP Process When the destination IPv4 address is on the same net- work as the source, the ARP process sends the IPv4 address to all hosts on the network so that the host with the matching IPv4 address can reply with the corresponding MAC address. 59. ARP Table If the packet's destination IPv4 address is on the same Search network as the source IPv4 address, the device will search the ARP table for the destination IPv4 address. 60. ARP Request If there is no entry for the IPv4 address in its ARP table, the sending device sends out an ARP request to determine the destination MAC address. 61. ARP Reply Re- Only the device with the target IPv4 address associated sponse with the ARP request will respond with an ARP reply. 62. IPv6 Neighbor In IPv6, ICMPv6 Neighbor Discovery (ND) is used. Discovery 6/6