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# 71 Energy ## 1. Energy from Food * **Energy:** Needed to live, helps us to grow and repair our bodies, move and keep warm. Food is a source of energy. * **Joule:** A unit for measuring energy. * **Kilojoule:** 1000J = 1kJ * **Diet:** The food that a person eats. * **Weight:** The amount of force...

# 71 Energy ## 1. Energy from Food * **Energy:** Needed to live, helps us to grow and repair our bodies, move and keep warm. Food is a source of energy. * **Joule:** A unit for measuring energy. * **Kilojoule:** 1000J = 1kJ * **Diet:** The food that a person eats. * **Weight:** The amount of force with which gravity pulls things – measured in Newtons (N). * **Balanced Diet:** Eating a variety of foods to provide all the things that the body needs. * **Nutrients:** Substances needed from food. ## 2. Energy Stores and Transfers * **Transferred:** When energy is moved from one store into another. * **Forces:** A push, pull or twist, and a type of energy transfer. * **Electricity:** A way of transferring energy through wires. * **Stored:** When energy is captured within an object and can be moved to another store by energy transfers. * **Chemical Energy:** Energy stored in chemicals (such as food, fuel and batteries). * **Kinetic Energy:** Energy stored in moving things. * **Thermal Energy:** Energy stored in hot objects. * **Strain Energy:** Energy stored in stretched or squashed objects. Also called elastic potential energy. * **Gravitational Potential Energy:** Energy stored in objects in high places that can fall down. ## 3. Fuels * **Fuel:** A substance that contains a store of chemical or nuclear energy that can easily be transferred. * **Nuclear Energy:** Energy stored inside materials (also called atomic energy). * **Law of Conservation of Energy:** The idea that energy can never be created or destroyed, only transferred from one store to another. * **Nuclear Fuels:** Used in nuclear power stations to generate electricity. * **Uranium:** A radioactive metal that can be used as a nuclear fuel and used in Nuclear Power plants. * **Fossil Fuels:** A fuel formed from the dead remains of organisms over millions of years. * **Coal:** A fossil fuel made from the remains of plants. * **Oil:** A fossil fuel made from the remains of microscopic dead plants and animals that lived in the sea. * **Natural Gas:** A fossil fuel made from the remains of microscopic dead plants and animals that lived in the sea. ## 4. Other Energy Resources * **Solar Power:** Generating electricity using energy from the Sun. * **Solar Panel:** Flat plats use energy from the Sun to heat water. * **Solar Cell:** Flat panels that use energy transferred by light from the Sun to produce electricity. * **Solar Power Station:** A large power station using the Sun to heat water to make steam, which then generates electricity. * **Wind Turbine:** Generates electricity using energy transferred from the wind. * **Hydroelectric Power:** Electricity generated by moving water turning turbines and generators. * **Geothermal Power:** Electricity generated using heat from rocks underground. * **Photosynthesis:** Carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen ## 5. Using Resources * **Fossil Fuel Advantages:** Cheap compared to others and convenient to use in cars/vehicles. * **Fossil Fuel Disadvantages:** Non-renewable, releases polluting gases when burnt. * **Nuclear Advantages:** No polluting gases generated, * **Nuclear Disadvantages:** Non-renewable, Very expensive, Dangerous waste materials. * **Renewable Advantages:** No polluting gases, Renewable. * **Renewable Disadvantages:** Most not available all the time and only available in specific locations **Note:** The image includes a table at the end, but it is incomplete and doesn't display the relevant information.