ICT PDF

U1: INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY] 6. Consumer Review Networks - for people who want to provide and share information [L1: UNDERSTANDING ICT AND...

U1: INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY] 6. Consumer Review Networks - for people who want to provide and share information [L1: UNDERSTANDING ICT AND ITS RELEVANCE about different products TO SOCIETY] ❖ ICT ❖ Mobile Media - communication devices that - Information and communications are characterized by portability or their ability to be technology moved or carried easily - technologies that are used to support the processing, storing, securing, and transmitting of information ❖ Assistive Media - electronic devices or programs that seek to reach out to PWDs by providing the support that will increase or improve Components of ICT their functional capabilities through the use of 1. People - individuals responsible for the technology development, improvement, and maintenance of an ICT system 2. Procedures - actions performed in a certain Type of Assistive Media order and conditions to make sure an ICT 1. For the Visually Impaired system runs smooth - Brail, audio book 3. Hardware - technical term used to describe physical or tangible parts of a computer system 2. For People with Speech Difficulty 4. Software - generic term for computer - Sign language programs and applications installed in your hardware 5. Data - raw facts or figures that can be 3. For People with Hearing Impairments processed, stored, and transmitted by an ICT system (Singular: datum) - Hearing aid 6. Information - result of processed, organized, and structured data 4. For People with Learning Difficulty - Audiobooks, captions, text-to-speech Dyslexia (difficulty in reading) [L2: SOCIAL, MOBILE, AND ASSISTIVE MEDIA] Dysgraphia (difficulty in writing) Dyscalculia (difficulty in counting) ❖ Social Media - Theraphy (most effective) - Websites or applications that give people the capability to share and receive information and mediacontents with one another. [L3: CONVERGENT TECHNOLOGIES] Types of Social Media Diverge - dive away from each other 1. Social Networking Sites - provide users Converge - combine at some point with a real-time conversation via text messages, audio, or video chat ❖ Technological Convergence 2. Media-Sharing Sites - primary purpose is to share multimedia contents like - Simply converge technologies photographs, audio files, or video - state in which two or more technology entities and functions are combined into one device or system 3. Discussion Sites - designed for individuals who are avid fans of forums and debates - Multi-purpose (smart phones) 4. Bookmarking and Content Curation Sites - platforms for people who are searching for ◇ GPS - Global Positioning System information or ideas that will help them on a project they are working on ◆ Curation - collecting ICT focuses in portability 5. Blogging and Publishing Network Sites - Modalities of Technological Convergence provide users with the tools that will help 1. Computing Technology - improvements them to publish their content in a creative made on electronic devices or gadgets and engaging manner  combining the functions of two devices into 2. Network - collection of computers, internet one gadget devices, and communication media that are used to carry data 2. Content Technology - combines different media formats such as text, pictures, sounds, 3. Server - software system that serves as the and videos into one multimedia content. storage house of data coming in and out of the system. 3. Communication Technology - fast and effective transfer of information through the 4. Processing System - aka Information collaboration of different communication System technologies. - group of hardware and software designed to collect, process, store and distribute information ❖ Website - very reliable technology that aids people in communicating, researching for ❖ Online Platforms - websites or online information, anddisseminating information applications that used by businesses or organizations to offer theirproducts or services using the internet. ❖ Web Page - Website is composed of web pages Classifications of Online Platform Users hyperlinked together. 1. Business - seller 2. Customers - makes purchases ❖ Static Web Page Online Platform Services - fixed content 1. Social Media Platform - promote social interaction and information sharing among - All elements are hardcoded and members of virtual communities. embedded in the web page 2. Web Search Engine - aka Search Engine ❖ Dynamic Web Page Optimization (SEO) - Changeable - Internet-based systems that are used to locate information on the World Wide - Interactive Web. - Can be manipulated by the user 3. Online Payment System - web-based application that allows customers to send payments for their purchases using a facility [L4: USES OF THE INTERNET, ONLINE SYSTEMS, that organizes the transfer of money funds. AND PLATFORMS] 4. Online Advertising Platforms - allows “Online” - interacting through internet business organizations to post their advertisements to websites and online applications. Uses of the Internet 1. Communication tool 2. tool for performing business transactions 5. Creative Content Outlets - web services 3. tool for research that offers assistance to individuals and 4. Entertainment tool organizations in the development of innovative and engaging multimedia content for their websites ❖ Online Systems - Collaboration of hardware, software, and network devices that facilitates the [U2: ONLINE SAFETY AND ETHICS] transfer and processing of data among internet-enabled devices [L1: MAKING ONE’S SELF SAFE IN THE CYBER WORLD] Components of an Online System 1. Terminal Devices - electronic devices such ❖ Cyber World as desktop computers, laptop, tablets, or - Aka Cyberspace smartphone used to send data or instructions to the internet. - virtual in nature and unbounded unlike our physical environment Features of the Cyber World 1. Virtual Self - digital representation of [L2: NETIQUETTE] humans to interact in virtual world 2. Source of Information - data that are ❖ Netiquette - short term for “Internet available to anyone as long as they have etiquette,” which means proper behavior in an internet connection cyberspace. 3. Social Interaction - digital socialization using chat, blogs, vlogs, online games, etc. Core Rules of Netiquette according to Virginia Shea 1. Remember the human. Tools for Social Interaction - Remember that you are interacting with a 1. Facebook person on the other end that deserves 2. Twitter respect. 3. Tumblr 4. Instagram 5. Online games (Mobile Legends, COL, etc.) 2. Adhere to the same standards of behavior online that you follow in real life. Dangers and Threats on the Internet - Always be lawful and ethical regardless of 1. Hacking - stealing and accessing private where you are. information of organizations such as government systems, business systems, etc. 3. Know where you are in cyberspace. - Being rude is prohibited. Always know 2. Identity Theft - act of stealing important where you are. information from the target user by accessing online accounts such as bank accounts, etc. 4. Respect other people’s time and bandwidth. 3. Internet Predators - individuals who lure - Ensure that the content you give is children or teenagers to engage in sexual meaningful and time is not wasted acts or relationships online ◆ Bandwidth - capacity 4. Cyberbullying - online act of humiliation 5. Make yourself look good online. and/or threats that is done with and by children and teenagers - Always produce quality content while being true to yourself. 5. Malicious Software - aka malware, is created to invade and destroy computer 6. Share expert knowledge. systems - Make sure that the information you are Types of Malware: sharing is reliable and credible. ◇ virus ◆ Disinformation - deliberately and ◇ worms intenionally misleading information. ◇ trojan ◆ Misinformation - false or inaccurate information regardless of whether there is an ◇ spyware intent to deceive/mislead ◇ adware 7. Help keep flame wars under control. ◇ ransomware ◇ fileless malware - Never post messages that are provocative, for these add fuel to the fire. 8. Respect other people’s privacy. Tips to Stay Safe online - There is always a reason why something is 1. Think before you click. private. Never publicly expose private 2. Do not share personal information. information. 3. Beware of phishing and scam 4. Keep your device secure. 5. Never share passwords. 9. Don’t abuse your power. 6. Never agree to meet anyone you just met online. - Nobody has the right to take advantage of being knowledgeable in cyberspace. 7. Tell your guardian if something goes wrong online. 8. Cover your webcam when not in used. 10. Be forgiving of other people’s mistakes. 9. Use a strong password. 10. Make sure to logout your account in public - Give people the benefit of the doubt as they devices. can commit mistakes. Nobody is perfect.  11. Don’t underestimate people in the cyberspace. Advantages of Online Research 12. Use your real identity when navigating to Easy access to large information online space. 13. Don’t easily trust people you meet online. Acquire diverse information in ✓ formats Save more time when researching online Get up-to-date and relevant information [L3: GOVERNMENT LAWS FOR INTERNET USERS] Reduce the cost of conducting research ❖ Terms and Conditions Disadvantages of Online Research - stipulations of an agreement to protect the user and the service provider before One may encounter inconsistent information anyone can use its services It is hard to determine if sources are reliable - common on websites offering services One may be charged with payment ​ One may find it difficult to locate information. ❖ Internet law - Aka cyber law One may risk online security and privacy - set of legal principles applied in using the Internet and other computer-related actions and interactions of people. 5-Step Simple Search Process Clarify Four (4) ways to regulate the Internet Search 1. Laws 2. Architecture - structure Delve 3. Norms - baseline info/standards Evaluate 4. Market Regulation Cite Policies for Online Marketing Keypoints ✓ to prevent deceptive and unfair marketing Online research - is a method of collecting information from the List of Online Marketing Policies Internet. 1. Consumer Act of the Philippines Search engine 2. Electronic Commerce Act of 2000 - is a computer program used to search for 3. CAN-SPAM Act information online according to the researcher’s query. Google, Yahoo, and Bing are three (3) Laws for Intellectual Property commonly-used search engines. - Researching online has advantages and ✓ Copyright, trademark, and patent laws are disadvantages. Since information can be found implemented to protect authors, artists, and in a large source such as the Internet, it is inventors. important to use it with caution. List of IPR 1. Intellectual Property Code of the - The 5-Step Simple Search Process according to Philippines Kathleen Morris is: (1) clarify, (2) search, (3) 2. Fair Use delve, (4) evaluate, and (5) cite. These are the 3. Consumer Protection Act skills researchers need to develop for productive online research. List of Laws for Privacy - Each individual is unique. One may practice 1. Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 research skills differently from others, but the 2. The Anti-Bullying Act of 2013 goal is to use the Internet as a tool for gathering 3. Computer Fraud and Abuse Act information effectively and efficiently. [[L4: ETHICS IN CONDUCTING ONLINE U3: WORD PROCESSING SKILLS] RESEARCH] ❖ Online research [L1: GETTING TO KNOW PROCESSING ] - is a method that involves the collection of information from the Internet. ❖ Word processor/s ❖ Search Engine Optimization - is a type of software that enables the user to create, edit, and format text using various tools. - Using SEO will give you better results for the - It enables users to produce documents that information you need. consist of text and graphics.  - It is widely used in different kinds of industries. 7. Thesaurus - built-in synonym provider. 8. Collaboration - allows multiple editors to Examples of Word Processing Software access the document online. - Microsoft Word 9. Internet Features - provides links to external - Google Docs sources via the Internet. 10. Translation and Speech- voice commands, Aside from a computer or laptop, we can also use these text reading, and translation. word processors with our mobile devices. [[L3: CHARACTER AND PARAGRAPH Word Processing Skills FORMATTING] - Various typing tasks require us to be adept at producing text efficiently depending on its The difference between a word processor from a text purpose. editor is a word processor’s customization features that allow manipulation of your work. Basic Word Processing Skills - Keyboard and User Interface Familiarization - Typing Speed and Accuracy - Formatting capability varies depending on the - Page Layouting software or its versions available. - Text Formatting - Microsoft Word is the most commonly used - Inserting Objects word processor software. Word processing software has varied features. Formatting in a Word Processor - Formatting a document is vital in delivering Frequent practice will develop familiarization and content to readers. Following rules on writing understanding. and deciding on the proper structure results in the clarity and effectiveness of the message. Word Processor: Standard Features 1. Insert - adds objects such as tables, images, ❖ Character formatting - refers to the application of and shapes. properties or attributes into single characters or units 2. Delete - removes text or object from the without affecting the whole paragraph. document 3. Cut - deletes chosen data from the page and 1. Font Face: A dropdown to change the font style keeps it on the clipboard. (e.g Arial, Calibri, Times New Roman) and 4. Copy - keeps data on the clipboard. numerical font size 5. Paste - places copied data on chosen field. 2. Increase/Decrease Font size: A clickable to 6. Page Setup - sets the layout of the entire increase or decrease font size document. 3. Change Case: A dropdown for options of 7. Find - tool to search for a string of text and to character casing provide an option to replace it with another. 4. Clear All Formatting: A clickable that removes 8. Word Wrap - formats the alignment of your text formatting properties and object/s. 5. Font Style: A clickable that changes a font into 9. Print - produces a hard copy of the document bold, italic, underline, strikethrough, superscript, when connected to a printer. 10. File - lets the user manage the document using and subscript. functions such as save, print, and open. 6. Text Effects and Typography: A dropdown that 11. Font - allows the user to personalize the style provides a range of text customization and size of the text 7. Text Highlight Color: A dropdown for text 12. Windows - permits multiple screens for users to highlight colors work on. 8. Font Color: A dropdown of font color options\ 13. Spell Check - prompts the user for words spelled differently from the built-in dictionary. Simply click on the Dialogue Box Launcher to access the Font Tab. It will show all options for character formatting. Word Processor: Additional Features The Font Tab - displays a dialogue box similar to the 1. Graphics - allows the user to insert objects default font options. such as diagrams, images, or shapes. 2. Header and Footer - permits customization of The Advanced Tab - provides modifications for character the top and bottom part of the document page. spacing and opentype features. 3. Paragraph Layout - adjusts the indentation and spacing of a paragraph. Character Spacing - permits specific modifications to the 4. Macros - allows the user to automate templates scale, spacing, positioning, and kerning per character unit or patterns for your document. or set. 5. Mail Merge - lets the user send out letters or documents in bulk to different recipients. OpenType Features - allows better support for different 6. Table of Contents and Index - lists topics languages or glyph characters. included in the document. ❖ Paragraph formatting - refers to the application of properties or attributes into a paragraph in a document. ❖ Inserting and Manipulating Graphics in MS Word 1. Picture - Insert picture/s from your computer 1. Automated List: Dropdowns for bullets, or from another connected device (file formats: numberings, and multilevel lists. JPG, PNG, GIF, etc). 2. Decrease/Increase Indent: A clickable to 2. Clip Art - Insert pre-installed rasterized vector increase or decrease indentation. images for version 2010 and lower; 2013 uses 3. Sort: A clickable dialogue box for sorting values a plug-in called Pickit. options 3. Online Pictures - Insert external photos from 4. Show/Hide: A clickable which shows or hides the Internet without using another browser (MS paragraph marks on the page. Word 2013 & up). 5. Align: A clickable for alignment options of left, 4. Shapes - Insert pre-installed editable shapes from a wide selection center, right, or justified 5. SmartArt - Insert pre-made presentation 6. Line and Paragraph Spacing: A dropdown for graphics such as charts and graphs used for vertical paragraph spacing options qualitative data. 7. Shading and Border: A dropdown for shading 6. Chart - Insert pre-made presentation graphics colour and border options for text, paragraph, or such as pie and bar graphs used for quantitative data. table 7. Screenshot - Use screenshots or screen clippings of any active windows available on The Indents and Spacing Tab - is similar to the default your desktop paragraph options. 1. Picture Tools - Formatting tab for inserted The Line and Page breaks Tab - provides changes for images Pagination, Formatting Exceptions, and Textbox. 2. Remove Background - Used to delete unwanted part of an image Pagination - sets up the page numbers of your document. 3. Corrections - Offers photo enhancement such Textbox options - provide wrapping edits with the as brightness, contrast, or sharpness 4. Color - Changes the saturation, tone, or hue of presence of a textbox in the document. the image 5. Artistic Effects - Turns the photo similar into a [[L3: INSERTING AND MANIPULATING GRAPHICS] sketch or painting 6. Compress Pictures - Reduces the size of the - An image, along with text, is a good way to image communicate with your audience so that they 7. Change Picture - Replacing the current image see your point. in the document 8. Reset Picture - Removes all formatting done to - And yet, an image without a word can be the picture misinterpreted; thus, they are more effective 9. Picture Border - Adds an editable outline to the together. image 10. Picture Effects - Adds visual effects on the ❖ Inserting and Manipulating Graphics in Word photo 11. Picture Layouts - Turns image into a SmartArt Processor 12. Position - Selects where the image will be positioned on the page Graphics - are an important medium of expression. It 13. Wrap Text - Selects how the text will be aligned pertains to photos, illustrations, shapes, or objects. Visuals with the image are often used in different facets of life whether personal, 14. Bring Forward - Places the image in front of academic, or professional another object 15. Send Backward - Places the image behind The ability to manipulate graphics in word processors another object serves several purposes: to educate, to inform, to 16. Selection Pane - Shows and organizes a list of promote, to advertise, and to entertain. inserted images 17. Align - Enables modification on the positioning Microsoft Word - is the most accessible and known of the images software for word processing. We will be using it to 18. Group - Binds multiple images together into a illustrate the steps. single image 19. Rotate - Image can be rotated or flipped 20. Crop - Cut or trim portions of the image For effective image content: - If possible, choose a good quality photo that is ❖ Chart appropriate for your text. 1. Column - show data based on horizontal and - Make sure that your image is copyright free or vertical values properly credited. - Make adjustments only if necessary. 2. Line - illustrate points of data based on horizontal and vertical values 1. Drawing Tools - Allows alterations with shapes or objects 3. Pie - show proportions in slices 2. Edit Shape - Changes the shape of the current object 4. Bar - compare data in blocks 3. Draw Text Box - Creates a box that enables text typing 5. Area - illustrate changes of data throughout time 4. Shape Fill - Adds color within the shape 5. Shape Outline - Enables editing of the 6. X Y Scatter - illustrates points in a wide range borderline of the shape of values 6. Shape Effects - Adds visual effects on the shape 7. Stock - show shifts of stock data 7. Text Direction - Changes the orientation of the text in an object 8. Surface - shows the same range of values of an 8. Align Text - Changes the alignment of the text area inside a shape 9. Create link - Inserts links from a shape to 9. Radar - shows the plot of multiple values another 10. Position - Selects position of the object on the 10. Combo - combines two types of charts page 11. Wrap Text - Selects how the text will be aligned with the shape 12. Bring Forward - Places the shape in front of another object 13. Send Backward - Places the shape behind another object 14. Selection Pane - Shows and organizes a list of inserted shapes 15. Align - Enables modification of the positioning of the shapes 16. Group - Bind multiple shapes together into a single shape 17. Rotate - Rotates or flips shapes 18. Size - Changes the numerical size of the shape’s width and height ❖ SmartArt 1. List - used for non-sequential or grouped data 2. Process - used to show a sequence or flow 3. Cycle - used to show continuing sequence 4. Hierarchy - used for stratified presentation 5. Relationship - used to show bond 6. Matrix - Shows a part of the whole 7. Pyramid - Used to show proportions of data 8. Picture - used to show photographic idea