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```markdown # Neoclassicism and Preromanticism ## Neoclassicism * The second half of the 700 developed Neoclassicism, an artistic movement that was inspired by classical art, namely the Greek culture. * In this period, the discoveries of important archaeological excavations developed, such as...

```markdown # Neoclassicism and Preromanticism ## Neoclassicism * The second half of the 700 developed Neoclassicism, an artistic movement that was inspired by classical art, namely the Greek culture. * In this period, the discoveries of important archaeological excavations developed, such as Herculaneum and Pompeii. * Pompeii (1768) feeds a continuous curiosity that leads visitors and scholars to reflect on ancient art felt as "elegance, grandeur, magnificence" of classical art. ## Winckelmann * The greatest exponent of Neoclassicism, Winckelmann, went to Italy and elaborated the concept of "beauty and ideal" that is identified in artistic works realized by the ancients * Ancient art is, according to him, serene, harmonious, always calm, and beauty consists in dominating passions, in elegant and controlled language. ## Influence * Many artists and studios approached archaeology * They began to search for Greek and Roman ruins. * In the following period, after studying the works of art, they began to give rise to Neoclassical art. * Greco-Roman antiquity became the privileged model. ## Imitation * In order to reach the original forms of "beauty", the imitation of the ancients became the only way to find the purity of nature. ## Three Typologies of Neoclassicism 1. Archaeological Neoclassicism: it depicts mythological, harmonious forms ```