Drug Issues and Violence

Analgesics
Types: Heroin, Opium, Fentanyl, Morphine, Oxycodone, Opiates, Vicodin, Hydrocodone Heroin issues
The public believes it is low-class; it's the worst drug to get hooked on; the most feared drug; the most stigmatized drug, some can use infrequently but it is very uncommon, constitute...

Analgesics
Types: Heroin, Opium, Fentanyl, Morphine, Oxycodone, Opiates, Vicodin, Hydrocodone Heroin issues
The public believes it is low-class; it's the worst drug to get hooked on; the most feared drug; the most stigmatized drug, some can use infrequently but it is very uncommon, constituted on as a narcotic; addicts/junkies get upset when others get clean. Models of Drug-Violence Nexus (three models) The most commonsensical and traditional explanation of why drugs and violence are connected is the psychopharmacological model. (A minority of cases) Another explanation for the fact that drug use often leads to violence is the economic- compulsive model. (A minority of cases) In the systemic violence model, systemic violence is "normatively embedded in the social and economic networks of drug users and sellers. (A majority of cases) Drug-Crime Link (three models) The enslavement model argues that more or less law-abiding citizens, as a result of accident or happenstance a mental defect, medical addiction, poverty, unemployment, or temporary life problems-become trapped into the use of addicting drugs. The predisposition model argues against and opposes the enslavement or medical model. According to proponents of the predisposition model, addicts do not engage in criminal behavior because they are forced into a life of crime by their drug use, and they were not law-abiding people before they became involved in the use of narcotics. The intensification model offers both a synthesis and a reformulation of the enslavement and the predisposition models. This model argues that both contain a grain of truth, yet, as complete explanations, they are flawed in that each is based on an unarguably false empirical premise. Victimization issues
Both empirically and casually, drug users are more vulnerable to crime victimization than is true of persons who do not use drugs. Balloon effect
Pushing down on drug production in one region causes it to bulge somewhere else. No matter how much you "contain" the issue in one area, it'll get worse somewhere else. Trafficking issues
The end-users and addicts are often the victims of a powerful and manipulative business. Drug trafficking is often associated with other forms of crime, such as money laundering or corruption. Trafficking routes can also be used by criminal networks to transport other illicit products. Who controls the drug trade?
At the top, it's controlled by various Cartels (Siñola, Jalisco New Generation, and Gult) and at the bottom it is controlled by local gangs and dealers. The models of drug manufacturing Pure Agricultural Model: refers to systems of trafficking that harvest a product which requires little or nothing in converting it into the ultimate project; it is consumed more or less as grown. Pure Chemical Model: refers to a completely synthetic substance that does not have its origin as an agricultural product at all but is developed exclusively in the lab. It needs a manufacturer with technical expertise to turn precursor chemicals into the finished product - a useable drug. Mixed Model: refers to a substance that began as agricultural produce whose principal psychoactive agent is then synthesized from the plant or converted into a chemical, becoming what is consumed by the customer. AA/NA issues
AA or NA are not always the best option for everyone. Sometimes people need more help, such as an inpatient program to be able to stay clean. It causes people to blame themselves for failing and, consequently, spending more time in the program feeling worse about themselves. Families also blame their loved ones if they don't do well or if they drop out rather than realizing that AA might not be the best approach. Control of drug usage
Drugs are broken down into different "schedules" in an effort to display the likelihood of misuse. Medically prescribed narcotics have been more closely monitored and prescribed less frequently in recent years as misuse and overdoses have grown. Inpatient vs. outpatient treatment Inpatient programs are also knowns as rehabs, they are typically 30-90 day programs designed to help kick addiction. When they first arrive, they detox from their substance of choice then eventually start individual as well as group therapy. Rehab is great for people who need extra help to kick their habit, as it is completely free of outside distractions. Decriminalization vs. legalization issues Decriminalization means it would remain illegal, but the legal system would not prosecute a person for the act. The penalties would range from no penalties at all to a civil fine. This can be contrasted with legalization which is the process of removing all legal prohibitions against the act. Harm reduction Connect individuals to overdose education, counseling, and referral to treatment for infectious diseases and substance use disorders. Distribute opioid overdose reversal medications (e.g., naloxone) to individuals at risk of overdose, or to those who might respond to an overdose. Lessen harms associated with drug use and related behaviors that increase the risk of infectious diseases, including HIV, viral hepatitis, and bacterial and fungal infections. Reduce infectious disease transmission among people who use drugs, including those who inject drugs by equipping them with accurate information and facilitating referral to resources. Reduce overdose deaths, promote linkages to care, facilitate co-location of services as part of a comprehensive, integrated approach. Reduce stigma associated with substance use and co-occurring disorders Promote a philosophy of hope and healing by utilizing those with lived experience of recovery in the management of harm reduction services, and connecting those who have expressed interest to treatment, peer support workers and other recovery support services. How do drug issues contribute to the economy?
The economic cost of drug abuse in the United States was estimated at $193 billion $120 billion in lost productivity, mainly due to labor participation costs, participation in drug abuse treatment, incarceration, and premature death; $11 billion in healthcare costs - for drug treatment and drug-related medical consequences; and $61 billion in criminal justice costs, primarily due to criminal investigation, prosecution and incarceration, and victim costs. Mr. Big Fallacy
"Mr. Big" is a myth in the drug world, a "boss of all bosses." There is no central gang or mafia that controls the entire drug trade but rather multiple small ones. Today, there is no longer any "Mr. Big." Dominant current approach to drugs is prohibition
True. Drugs are considered illicit and you can be arrested for selling in any state and for having them in your possession in some states "Predisposition is necessary for drug use, but not a sufficient condition."
Predisposition is not always necessary. You must have the propensity and the availability. Presidents and their positions on the war on drugs
Nixon created the "War on Drugs," Regan supported it, and had his wife Nancy start the
"Just Say No" campaign, George W. Bush also supported it, Bill Clinton also supported it, Obama did not support it; he thought we should treat it as a medical issue and not criminal, Trump supported it, Biden does not support it and would like to make it so no one is "arrested for drugs alone," and that we should treat it as a medical condition. Drug control act
In determining into which schedule a drug or other substance should be placed, or whether a substance should be decontrolled or rescheduled, certain factors are required to be considered. Its actual or relative potential for abuse. Scientific evidence of its pharmacological effect, if known The state of current scientific knowledge regarding the drug or other substance. Its history and current pattern of abuse. The scope, duration, and significance of abuse. What, if any, risk there is to the public health. Its psychic or physiological dependence liability Whether the substance is an immediate precursor of a substance already controlled under this subchapter.