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# Notes on Solutions **N.B.** 1. Water is the most common **SOLVENT**. 2. Aqueous Solution = **SOLUTION** WHERE THE **SOLVENT** IS WATER 3. In a solution composed only of liquids or only of gases, the **solvent** is the substance present in the largest amount in the mixture. ## Concentration Thi...

# Notes on Solutions **N.B.** 1. Water is the most common **SOLVENT**. 2. Aqueous Solution = **SOLUTION** WHERE THE **SOLVENT** IS WATER 3. In a solution composed only of liquids or only of gases, the **solvent** is the substance present in the largest amount in the mixture. ## Concentration This is the amount of **solute** dissolved in 100 ml of **solution** (not the solvent). * When a solid and a liquid are mixed to form a solution, the volume of the solution is larger than the volume of the solvent. **Example:** In a saltwater solution with a concentration of 37 g/100ml, there are 37 grams of salt (**solute**) dissolved in 100 milliliters of saltwater (**solution**). ## Saturation * A solution is unsaturated when the solvent can still dissolve more **solute**. * A solution is saturated when the solvent can no longer dissolve any more **solute**. * A solution is supersaturated when the solvent has temporarily dissolved more **solute** than the saturation allows. ## Pure Substances A pure substance is composed of only one type of particle. **Examples:** * Nickel (Ni) * Mercury (Hg) * Distilled Water (H₂O) * Oxygen (O₂) * Steel ??? (Possibly a mixture) **(Note):** Steel is listed as a mixture, implying it is not a pure substance and contains other elements. Fer (Iron), and Carbon are also listed as pure substances.