IMG_1172.jpeg

# Periodic Trends The periodic table arranges elements by atomic number. Elements in the same group have similar properties and the same number of electrons in their outer shells. The group number indicates the number of outer shell electrons. Elements in a period have the same number of electro...

# Periodic Trends The periodic table arranges elements by atomic number. Elements in the same group have similar properties and the same number of electrons in their outer shells. The group number indicates the number of outer shell electrons. Elements in a period have the same number of electron shells but different outer shell electron numbers. Period trends are evident in melting points, with metals tending to have higher melting points due to stronger metal-metal bonds. The metal-metal bonds become stronger as the number of delocalized electrons increases, and the ionic radius decreases. Covalent structures, like carbon (graphite or diamond), and silicon, exhibit exceptionally high melting points due to strong covalent bonds. Simple molecular substances (like N₂, O₂, F₂, etc.) have lower melting points, because weak intermolecular forces are easily broken. Noble gases (Ne, etc.) have the lowest melting points due to the extremely weak intermolecular forces between individual atoms. # Periodic Table A detailed periodic table (showing elements, atomic number, symbols, group, and period) is shown in the image. # Melting Points A graph displaying the melting points of elements across periods 2 and 3 is shown. The graph illustrates trends in melting points across periods.