Connectivity Verification with ICMP and Utilities PDF

Connectivity Verification with ICMP and Utilities Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gio4py 1. ICMP Explain how ICMP is used to test network connectivity. 2. Ping Utility An ICMP Echo Message can be used to determine if a...

Connectivity Verification with ICMP and Utilities Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gio4py 1. ICMP Explain how ICMP is used to test network connectivity. 2. Ping Utility An ICMP Echo Message can be used to determine if a host is operational. 3. Traceroute Utility Use Windows tools, ping, and traceroute to verify net- work connectivity. 4. ICMPv4 ICMPv4 is the messaging protocol for IPv4. 5. ICMPv6 ICMPv6 provides the same services for IPv6 but in- cludes additional functionality. 6. Host Confirmation The local host sends an ICMP Echo Request to a host. If the host is available, the destination host responds with an Echo Reply. 7. Destination Un- When a host or gateway receives a packet that it cannot reachable deliver, it can use an ICMP Destination Unreachable message to notify the source that the destination or service is unreachable. 8. Destination Un- The Destination Unreachable codes for ICMPv4 in- reachable Codes cludes the following: 0 - Net unreachable, 1 - Host unreachable, 2 - Protocol unreachable, 3 - Port unreach- able. 1/8  Connectivity Verification with ICMP and Utilities Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gio4py 9. Time Exceeded An ICMPv4 Time Exceeded message is used by a router to indicate that a packet cannot be forwarded because the Time to Live (TTL) field of the packet was decremented to 0. 10. TTL If a router receives a packet and decrements the TTL field in the IPv4 packet to zero, it discards the packet and sends a Time Exceeded message to the source host. 11. Hop Limit IPv6 does not have a TTL field. It uses the hop limit field to determine if the packet has expired. 12. ICMPv6 Features ICMPv6 has new features and improved functionality not found in ICMPv4. 13. Neighbor Discov- ICMPv6 messages are encapsulated in IPv6 and have ery Protocol (NDP) four new protocols as part of the Neighbor Discovery Protocol. 14. Router Solicitation Messaging between an IPv6 router and an IPv6 device (RS) includes Router Solicitation (RS) message. 15. Router Advertise- Messaging between an IPv6 router and an IPv6 device ment (RA) includes Router Advertisement (RA) message. 16. Neighbor Solicita- Messaging between IPv6 devices includes Neighbor tion (NS) Solicitation (NS) message. 17. 2/8  Connectivity Verification with ICMP and Utilities Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gio4py Neighbor Adver- Messaging between IPv6 devices includes Neighbor tisement (NA) Advertisement (NA) message. 18. ICMP Messages ICMP messages are not required and are often not allowed within a network for security reasons. 19. ICMP Common ICMP messages common to both ICMPv4 and ICM- Messages Pv6 include host confirmation, destination or service unreachable, time exceeded and route redirection. 20. Router Solicitation A message sent by a host to a router requesting an RA (RS) message for addressing information. 21. Router Advertise- Messages sent by routers to provide addressing infor- ment (RA) mation to hosts using Stateless Address Auto Configu- ration (SLAAC). 22. Stateless Address A method used by hosts to automatically configure their Auto Configuration own IP addresses and set their default gateway. (SLAAC) 23. Neighbor Adver- Messages sent when a device knows the IPv6 address tisement (NA) of another device but does not know its MAC address, equivalent to an ARP Request for IPv4. 24. Neighbor Solicita- Messages sent to request the MAC address of a device tion (NS) associated with a known IPv6 address. 25. Duplicate Address A process performed to ensure that a global unicast or Detection (DAD) link-local unicast address is unique on the network. 26. Echo Request A message sent by the ping utility to test connectivity to another host on a network. 27. Echo Reply A response sent by a host upon receiving an echo request, indicating that it is reachable. 28. Ping Utility An IPv4 and IPv6 testing utility that uses ICMP echo request and echo reply messages to test connectivity between hosts. 3/8  Connectivity Verification with ICMP and Utilities Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gio4py 29. Timeout Value in The duration set for waiting for a reply to an echo Ping request before indicating that a response was not re- ceived. 30. Ping Summary A report provided by the ping utility after all requests are sent, including success rate and average round-trip time. 31. Local Loopback The address 127.0.0.1 used to test the internal config- Address (IPv4) uration of IPv4 on the local host. 32. Local Loopback The address ::1 used to test the internal configuration Address (IPv6) of IPv6 on the local host. 33. Pinging the Default A connectivity test performed using the ping utility to Gateway check the reachability of the default gateway. 34. Pinging the Remote A connectivity test performed using the ping utility to Host check the reachability of a host outside the local net- work. 35. Pinging the Local A test using the ping utility to verify the internal config- Loopback uration of the local host. 36. NA Message Re- A message sent in response to an NS message that sponse includes the device's Ethernet MAC address. 37. Address Unique- The process of sending an NS message with an IPv6 ness Check address to verify if it is already in use on the network. 38. Network Testing The process of using utilities like ping and traceroute to and Verification assess the connectivity and performance of a network. 39. ICMP 4/8  Connectivity Verification with ICMP and Utilities Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gio4py Internet Control Message Protocol, used for error mes- sages and operational information in network commu- nications. 40. ARP Request A message used in IPv4 to request the MAC address associated with a specific IP address. 41. ARP Reply A message used in IPv4 to respond with the MAC address associated with a specific IP address. 42. 127.0.0.1 Indicates that IP is properly installed on the host for IPv4. 43. ::1 Indicates that IP is properly installed on the host for IPv6. 44. Network Layer The layer from which the response comes when testing IP. 45. Error Message Indicates that TCP/IP is not operational on the host. 46. Pinging the Local Confirms that TCP/IP is installed and working on the Host local host. 47. Pinging 127.0.0.1 Causes a device to ping itself. 48. Default Gateway The router interface serving as the default gateway for a host. 49. Successful Ping to Indicates that the host and the router interface are both Default Gateway operational on the local network. 50. Ping Test Used to test the ability of a host to communicate on the local network. 51. Local Network Confirmed if either the default gateway or another host Communication responds to a ping. 52. Router Interface Indicated if the default gateway does not respond but Problem another host does. 5/8  Connectivity Verification with ICMP and Utilities Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gio4py 53. ICMP Echo Re- Sent by the host to ping its default gateway. quest 54. Echo Reply Sent by the default gateway confirming connectivity. 55. Ping a Remote Host Tests the ability of a local host to communicate across an internetwork. 56. IP Routing Table Used by the router to forward packets during a ping. 57. Successful Ping Confirms communication on the local network and op- Across Network eration of the router as the default gateway. 58. Traceroute Utility Generates a list of hops successfully reached along the path between two hosts. 59. Hops The interfaces of every router in the path between the hosts if data reaches the destination. 60. Last Router Ad- Indicates where the problem or security restrictions are dress found if data fails at some hop. 61. Round Trip Time The time a packet takes to reach the remote host and (RTT) for the response to return. 62. Asterisk (*) in Used to indicate a lost or unreplied packet. Traceroute 63. Traceroute A utility that generates a list of the router hops that were successfully reached along a path. 64. IPv4 TTL The Time To Live field in IPv4 headers used by Tracer- oute to determine the lifespan of a packet. 65. IPv6 Hop Limit The field in IPv6 headers that serves a similar purpose to the TTL in IPv4, limiting the number of hops a packet can take. 66. ICMP Time Exceed- ed message 6/8  Connectivity Verification with ICMP and Utilities Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gio4py A message sent by a router when a packet's TTL or Hop Limit reaches zero, indicating that the packet could not be forwarded. 67. ICMP Packet For- The structure of ICMP messages encapsulated directly mat into IP packets, containing a special header data field. 68. ICMP message Codes used to differentiate between different types of codes ICMP messages. 69. Echo reply ICMP message code 0, which is a response to a ping. 70. Destination Un- ICMP message code 3, indicating that a destination reachable cannot be reached. 71. Redirect ICMP message code 5, suggesting to use another route to the destination. 72. Echo request ICMP message code 8, used to initiate a ping. 73. Time Exceeded ICMP message code 11, indicating that the TTL became 0. 74. Ping An IPv4 and IPv6 testing utility that uses ICMP echo request and echo reply messages to test connectivity between hosts. 75. Connectivity tests Tests that include pinging the local loopback, pinging with Ping the default gateway, and pinging a remote host. 76. ICMPv4 The messaging protocol for IPv4 that sends ICMP mes- sages when IP packets encounter forwarding problems. 77. ICMPv6 The messaging protocol for IPv6 that provides services similar to ICMPv4 and includes additional functionality. 78. Neighbor Discov- A protocol in ICMPv6 that includes messages for router ery Protocol (NDP) solicitation, router advertisements, neighbor solicita- tion, and neighbor advertisement. 7/8  Connectivity Verification with ICMP and Utilities Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gio4py 79. Router Solicitation An ICMPv6 message sent by a host to request router (RS) advertisements. 80. Router Advertise- ICMPv6 messages sent by routers to announce their ments (RA) presence and provide link parameters. 81. Neighbor Solicita- An ICMPv6 message sent to determine the link-layer tion (NS) address of a neighbor or to verify that a neighbor is still reachable. 82. Neighbor Adver- An ICMPv6 message sent in response to a Neighbor tisement (NA) Solicitation, providing the link-layer address of a neigh- bor. 83. ICMP encapsula- The process by which ICMP is included as a data pay- tion load within IP packets. 84. High response An indication that the resources of a router or its con- times nections may be overused. 85. Data losses from a An indication that the resources of the router or its hop connections may be overused. 8/8