The Development of Philippine Arts PDF

# The Development of Philippine Arts The development of Philippine arts comes in three major traditions: - Ethnic Tradition - Spanish Colonial Tradition - American Colonial and Contemporary Arts Traditions ## Ethnic Tradition ### Characteristic/Features - Art forms are primarily influenced by t...

# The Development of Philippine Arts The development of Philippine arts comes in three major traditions: - Ethnic Tradition - Spanish Colonial Tradition - American Colonial and Contemporary Arts Traditions ## Ethnic Tradition ### Characteristic/Features - Art forms are primarily influenced by the geographical location and the experiences of the Filipinos (Luzviminda & Sayseng, 2016). - The purpose of arts was integral to life. Arts reflected the pagan beliefs and practices, everyday activities such as fishing and farming, and specific decorative art patterns for the community. ### Various Art Forms from The Regions - **Angono Petroglyphs** - Situated in Binangonan, Rizal. - Discovered by the National Artist, Carlos "Botong" Francisco, in 1965. - There are 127 human and animal figures engraved on the rock wall, dated back to circa late Neolithic. - **Manunggul Jar** - Found in Manunggul Cave, Lipuun Point, Palawan in the early 1960s. - A burial jar that signifies the belief of early Filipinos in life after death. - **Banga** - Banga literally means pots. - The Banga or pot dance is a performance by Kalinga, from the Mountain Province of the Philippines. - This dance shows the elegant grace of the Igorot tribe and the skill and strength of women. ## Spanish Tradition ### Characteristic/Features - Art forms were primarily influenced by religion and secularization. - Spaniards used arts to propagate the catholic faith. ### Various Art Forms from The Regions - **Langit, lupa, at Impyerno** by Josef Luciano Dans - This wall painting is found in St. James the Apostle Church in Paete, Laguna. - Dated 1850, it depicts heaven, the crucifixion of Christ; earth, Adam and Eve; and hell, sinners with different transgressions. - **St. Paul Metropolitan Cathedral** - Located in Burgos, Vigan City, Ilocos Sur. - The original structure was built in 1574 and replaced as a church in 1641. - Follows a Baroque architectural design. ## American Colonial and Contemporary Arts Traditions ### American Colonial #### Characteristic/Features - **Modern Art** - Modern art refers to the practice of art from the 1860s to the 1960s. The main theme of artworks from this time is national identity. #### Various Art Forms from The Regions - **The Making of the Philippine Flag** by Fernando Amorsolo - This painting was made by Fernando Amorsolo, "Grand Old Man of Philippine Art" and born in Manila. - It shows a reminder of the traditions and customs of the Filipino. - **Bayanihan 1962** by Carlos "Botong" Francisco - Carlos "Botong" Francisco was born in Ango, Rizal - This mural painting shows the Filipinos' bayanihan tradition. - It also shows the distinctive style of Francisco's painting, showcasing his mastery in arts. - **Cinco Marias (Tres Marias Series)** by Federico Aguilar Alcuaz - Born in Santa Cruz, Manila. - Depicts the variety of domestic activities (Guillermo, 2007). ### Contemporary Arts - Contemporary art is influenced by the economic, social, political, and environmental context in which the artist is immersed. - It can be said that Contemporary Art expresses the artist's perception and comprehension of these contexts. - Contemporary Arts in the Philippines is diverse, extending beyond the usual genres of the four primary art forms: visual, literary, applied, and performing arts. - Genres are categories of artistic creation characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter. - Many new genres have emerged, including both pure and mixed art forms. ### Examples of Contemporary Art Forms | Category | Examples | |-------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------| | Visual Arts | Pop Art, Word Art, Conceptual Art, Installation Art, Photorealism, Contemporary Realism, Graffiti Art | | Performance Arts | Music (Blues, Electronic, Experimental, Funk, Hip-Hop, Jazz, Metal, Pop, Rock, Roots) | | | Theater Art (Stage, Film, Street Play), Dance (Flash Mob, Street Dances, Compressing Hip-Hop, Funk, House, and Rave) | | Applied Arts | Video Art, Photography, Computer Art, Film and Broadcasting Art, Architecture, Design, and Allied Art | | Literary Arts | Illustrated Novel, Digi-Fiction, Graphic Novels, Manga, Doodle Fiction, Text-Talk Novels, Chick Literature, Flash Fiction, Hyper Poetry, Blog | #### Visual Arts - **Pop Art** - Is an art movement that emerged in the United Kingdom and the United States during the mid- to late-1950s. - It presented a challenge to traditions of fine art by including imagery from popular and mass culture, such as advertising, comic books, and mundane mass-produced objects. - **Word Art** - Is a gallery of text styles that can be added to publications to create decorative effects, such as shadowed or mirrored text. - It can be used to add special text effects to your document. - **Conceptual Art** - Art for which the idea (or concept) behind the work is more important than the finished art object. - This art movement emerged in the 1960s. The term usually refers to art created from the mid-1960s to the mid-1970s. - **Installation Art** - A broad term applied to a range of arts practices that involve the installation or configuration of objects in a space, where the totality of objects and the space create the artwork. - It is a mode of production and display of artwork rather than a movement or style. - **Photorealism** - A genre of art that encompasses painting, drawing, and other graphic media in which an artist studies a photograph and then attempts to reproduce the image realistically in another medium. - **Contemporary Realism** - An art movement that celebrates representational, well-executed paintings created with high technical skill. - Subcategories include figurative realism, narrative paintings, photorealism, and hyperrealism. - **Graffiti Art** - Originated in 1970s New York when young people began to create images using spray paint and other materials on buildings and subway trains. ## Elements of Art - **Space:** In visual arts, space pertains to emptiness. It can be either positive or negative: - **Positive Space:** Refers to the part which is enclosed in a shape. - **Negative Space:** Refers to the opposite part which the shape encloses. - **Line:** Different types of lines may convey different meanings: - **Horizontal Line:** Suggests calmness. - **Vertical Lines:** Convey strength. - **Diagonal Lines:** Create an impression of action. - **Curved Lines:** Create an expression of gradual change of direction. - **Circular Lines:** Suggest an abrupt change of direction. - In visual arts, a line is a series of connected points. - It has two characteristics: - **Form:** Curved, dotted, or broken lines. - **Direction:** Vertical, horizontal, or diagonal lines. - **Shape and Form:** - **Shape:** An area enclosed by a line or lines. - Two-dimensional figures with height and width. - **Types of shapes:** Geometric shapes (triangle, square, rectangle, etc.), organic shapes (shapes found in nature, e.g. a leaf or a cloud), and abstract shapes (asymmetrical and free-flowing shapes). - **Form:** Three-dimensional figures. Its dimensions are height, width, and volume. - They have more depth than shapes. - **Color:** In visual arts, color is associated with the natural phenomenon in our environment. - When a light passes through a prism, it will produce different hues of different wavelengths. - **Color Meaning:** Red (power, passion, love, energy, danger, aggression, excitement, speed, blood, violence), Orange(joy, enthusiasm, creativity, energy, happiness, determination, success), Yellow (happiness, energy, optimism, fear, enlightenment, joy, positivity, clarity, critical judgmental, cautious), Green (growth, ambition, nature, health, prosperity, hope, luck, new beginnings, abundance, balance, harmony, greed, jealousy, possessiveness), Blue (peace, confidence, trustworthiness, calm, serenity, stability, depth, wisdom, faith, truth, heaven, coldness, uncaring, sadness), Purple (luxury, creativity, royalty, power, mystery, spirituality, magic, sci-fi technology, attraction), Black (power, mystery, mourning, death, darkness, sophistication, luxury) White (safety, innocence, purity, cleanliness, virtue). - **Value:** In visual arts, value is considered a property of a color which pertains to its lightness or darkness. - **Texture:** In visual arts, texture is the element that appeals to our sense of feel on things, rough, smooth, bumpy, or slippery. It pertains to the surface of an art piece. ## Elements of Contemporary Art - **Appropriation:** This relates to the modifications made by the artist. - **Hybridity:** This refers to the use of different art mediums put together. - **Technology:** Its application highlights the creativity of the artist. - **Performance:** Carried out for viewers to experience. - **Space:** Intricate use of space. ## Distinct Features of Contemporary Philippine Arts - **Communal Nature:** It reflects the relationships built around the bonds of community and Society. - **Intuitive:** Filipinos are immersed in their consciousness of themselves, their community, and their culture. - **Holistic:** Individuals, groups of people, and events are perceived in their entirety, as well as the unitive use of art materials and forms. - **Creative Process:** The artist puts more emphasis on how their artwork was made than on the artwork itself. - **Integrative:** It encompasses religious, moral, spiritual, social, and environmental concerns. - **Multi-Focal:** It considers everything and everyone: The wide perspective of the artwork, as well as both the artist and viewer. ## Integrative Arts - Employs the use of different art elements used together in distinct different expressions. - A fusion of different art disciplines using different styles and media in creating art. - Examples include the use of computer applications combined with other media, as well as the use of non-traditional art materials in creating artworks. This is usually done with mixed art forms. # Contemporary Art Forms from the Philippine Regions - Artworks from the seventeen regions of the three main island groups of Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao, have been exhibited in different exhibition halls and museums. - Viewers have come to know and understand the present-day art expressions of artists who want their culture, situation, and issues to be known through their artworks. ## Statements on Contemporary Philippine Arts from Regions - The Mindanao region is known for vibrant textile arts in contemporary works. - Artists from the Cordillera region often use bamboo and indigenous fabrics. # Conclusion: This presentation emphasizes the diverse and vibrant nature of contemporary Filipino art. It acknowledges the integral role of traditional practices and the adaptable nature of art forms as artists integrate modern influences. The presentation underscores that contemporary art is not just about individual expression, but also about using art to bridge cultural understanding, address social concerns, and celebrate community values.