WEEK 1 Filipino Thinkers PDF

# DISS ## 2nd Quarter Lesson ### Week no. 1 Learning Engagement 1st Semester | Quarter 2 | Week 1 | SY 2023-2024 Prepared by: Ms. Leah ## MELC Examine the social ideas of Filipino thinkers starting from: 19th Century - Jose Rizal, - Isabelo de los Reyes, - and other Filipino intellectuals ## Who...

# DISS ## 2nd Quarter Lesson ### Week no. 1 Learning Engagement 1st Semester | Quarter 2 | Week 1 | SY 2023-2024 Prepared by: Ms. Leah ## MELC Examine the social ideas of Filipino thinkers starting from: 19th Century - Jose Rizal, - Isabelo de los Reyes, - and other Filipino intellectuals ## Who is a Social Thinker? - Regards as forefronts and visionaries for social advancements during their time. - Regarded as great individuals who have contributed significantly to the development of political, social thoughts and philosophy. - Provided significant contributions to the advancement of the disciplines of the social sciences. ## Important Thinkers of the Revolutionary Period 19th Century ## Jose Rizal (Reformist) (1861–1996) - Birth: June 19, 1861, in Calamba, Laguna - Writer, poet, teacher, ophthalmologist, novelist, and renowned social thinker. A genuine scholar and one of the great Filipino thinkers of all time. - It was during his stay in Europe that he penned two of his most important works, which are believed to have sparked the 1896 Revolution: - Noli Me Tangere (1887) and - El Filibusterismo (1891). - The two are fictional works that were based on the social issues that Filipinos were experiencing during that period - inequality, racism, and colonialism, among others. - Every Filipino should be educated well on the concepts and exercise of freedom and it can only be attained by educating the masses of the truth - a truth that is based on science and rational thinking, and non from the morality-based education provided by the Church. ## EMIC PERSPECTIVE Viewing the culture of a society from an INTERNAL perspective. ## ETIC PERSPECTIVE Viewing the culture of a society from an EXTERNAL perspective ## Jose Rizal (Reformist) (1861–1996) - Sucesos de las islas Filipinas by Antonio de Morga (Bagoong-decomposed / smelly salted fish) - La Solidaridad - Sobre La Indolencia De Los Filipinos "On the Indolence of the Filipinos" - Rizal explained the reason for the indolence of the Filipinos, emphasizing the following factors: - Hot climate - Galleon Trade and Polo y servicios - Limited education for Filipinos ## Andres Bonifacio (1863-1897) November 30, 1863 in Tondo, Manila - Bonifacio is the founder of the revolutionary society, Katipunan. - “Ang Dapat Mabatid ng mga Tagalog” (What the Tagalogs Should Know) stressing unity, education, and resistance against the Spanish. - The Cry of Pugad Lawin ## Apolinario Mabini (1864–1903) July 23, 1864 “Brain of Revolution” - Apolinario Mabini became well known in Philippine history as the “Sublime Paralytic" and the “Brains of the Revolution." - Most influential works – - El Verdadero Decálogo (The True Decalogue), - La Revolucion Filipina (The Philippine Revolution), and - Ordenanza de la Revolución (The Ordinance of the Revolution). - Mabini said, “True liberty is only for what is good and never for what is evil; it is always in accordance with reason and the upright and honest conscience of the individual". ## Emilio Jacinto (REVOLUTIONIST) (1875–1899) December 15, 1875 - Referred to as the “Brains of the Katipunan" due to significant contributions to the Katipunan, primarily his Kartilya ng Katipunan (Primer of Katipunan) and his article published in Kalayaan. He became Andres Bonifacio's advisor and secretary. - Jacinto promoted the concept of equality in three respects: race, gender, and social status. He argued that any person, whatever his social class, gender, or skin color, should be treated fairly. - He highlighted the importance of women in the process of building a strong society, the capacity of the underprivileged to contribute to social development, and the irrelevance of one's race in his or her capacity to be a good citizen. ## Manual L Quezon (Political Philosopher) (1878-1944) August 19, 1878 - He was elected as the Commonwealth president in 1935, Quezon now buttressed his political ideas with some educational and social thought. - He believed in Social Darwinism-that governments are products of political struggles for survival. - His social justice program included higher wages, credit facilities that would allow Filipinos the opportunity to earn a decent livelihood, and the protection of the rights of women and the poor, among others. ## Important Thinkers of the Post-Revolutionary Period ## Isabelo De Los Reyes (1864-1938) July 7, 1864 - "Father of Filipino Socialism" due to his writing on anti-Catholicism and labor unions. He was one of the founders of the Iglesia Filipina Independiente (Philippine Independent Church) or the Aglipayan Church, which is an independent Christian Protestant Church. - May 1, 1903 - Labor Day (La Redencion del Obrero) - De los Reyes exhibited immense talent at a young age, having won a silver medal for his work El folk-lore filipino (Filipino Folklore) at the Exposición in Madrid. He founded the first labor union in the country – the Unión Obrera Democrática. ## Camilo O. Osias (1889–1976) - Camilo Osias advocated that the educational system must contribute towards the achievement of the goals of education by inculcating in the minds and hearts of the youth the value of preserving the patrimony of the country, promoting the general welfare of the people. - Osia said, that "the school has an important role in the dynamic nationalism and internationalism in relation to democracy in the education of the youth. High educational institutions should do more to turn out graduates who can think logically, scientifically, and creatively”. - And further he said, that "our education should instill love for work, spirit of tolerance, respect for law, love for peace, and practice thrift". ## Claro M. Recto - Claro M. Recto became known as the "foremost statesman” of his generation due to the various nationalistic writings that he made as a senator. - He advocated the “Filipino First Policy” where he claimed that our country's development will depend on the extent by which our country and its interest would be prioritized before those of other countries, especially our former colonial "masters." ## Claro M. Recto ### Perspective on Nationalism - Dedication of Filipinos to support the national interest, unity, and freedom. - Use as inspiration the national appreciation of heroes and apply it to national industrialization - The national interest should not be compromised with another country.