GST111 Practice Questions PDF

PART 1 --- 1. **_______ the main outline first, and then I’ll give you the details.** a. Take b. Take down c. Take up d. Take over **Answer: b. Take down** 2. **Some compound words are formed through the use of _______.** a. Apostrophe b. Full stop...

PART 1 --- 1. **_______ the main outline first, and then I’ll give you the details.** a. Take b. Take down c. Take up d. Take over **Answer: b. Take down** 2. **Some compound words are formed through the use of _______.** a. Apostrophe b. Full stop c. Hyphen d. Dash **Answer: c. Hyphen** 3. **If only _______ I would have as many children as I liked.** a. I am as rich as my father b. I am a millionaire c. I know the secret of parenting d. I had the time **Answer: b. I am a millionaire** 4. **More than anything, I enjoy _______ football.** a. Playing b. To play c. Of playing d. The playing **Answer: a. Playing** 5. **What system is proven to be involved in speech production, according to Wein (2013)?** a. Somato-sensory system b. Cardiovascular system c. Endocrine system d. Skeletal system **Answer: a. Somato-sensory system** 6. **‘Phone’ is an example of _______.** a. Backformation b. Reduplication c. Compounding d. Clipping **Answer: d. Clipping** 7. **My workplace is far; it_______ me an hour to get to work.** a. Will take b. Takes c. Has taken d. Used to take **Answer: b. Takes** 8. **According to Bock (1995), what does speech production involve?** a. Coordinating the respiratory system b. Memorizing phonemes c. Transforming a linguistic utterance into a nonlinguistic concept d. Transforming a communicative intention into a well-formed utterance **Answer: d. Transforming a communicative intention into a well-formed utterance** 9. **How many muscles are involved in speech production?** a. 125 b. 100 c. 75 d. 50 **Answer: b. 100** 10. **Which systems are involved in the complex motor act of speech production?** a. Skeletal and muscular systems b. Nervous and digestive systems c. Respiratory, laryngeal, and oral motor systems d. Visual and auditory systems **Answer: c. Respiratory, laryngeal, and oral motor systems** 11. **As a scientist, you should know that naturally _______.** a. Oil can float on water b. Oil used to float on water c. Oil floats on water d. Has been floating on water **Answer: c. Oil floats on water** 12. **Our dog has hurt _______ tail.** a. Its b. It c. His’ d. Its’ **Answer: a. Its** 13. **What is the main function of the velum in speech production?** a. Amplifying sound b. Directing airflow for oral or nasal sounds c. Vibrating air d. Producing consonants **Answer: b. Directing airflow for oral or nasal sounds** 14. **What is speech production?** a. A simple motor act b. A subconscious action without brain involvement c. A process limited to phoneme production d. A highly complex motor act involving approximately 100 muscles **Answer: d. A highly complex motor act involving approximately 100 muscles** 15. **What differentiates speech production from basic breathing?** a. It depends on visual cues b. It uses the oesophagus c. It involves brain activity d. It requires phonemes **Answer: c. It involves brain activity** 16. **Which part of the brain controls some parts of the face and mouth during speech?** a. Ventral sensorimotor cortex (vSMC) b. Cerebral cortex c. Amygdala d. Brainstem **Answer: a. Ventral sensorimotor cortex (vSMC)** 17. **When I _______ a girl, I _______ five miles to school every day.** a. Was, walked b. Am, walked c. Used to be, would walk d. Was, was walking **Answer: a. Was, walked** 18. **My _______ result was released.** a. Brother’s -in-law b. Brother-in-law’s c. Brothers-in-law d. Brother -in-laws **Answer: b. Brother-in-law’s** 19. **My wife doesn’t agree with that; _______.** a. Neither me b. Not I do c. I neither d. Neither do I **Answer: d. Neither do I** 20. **One of the _______ of the commission _______ been remanded in police custody.** a. Official/have b. Official/has c. Official/has d. Officials/has **Answer: d. Officials/has** --- PART 2 Here’s a compilation of all the questions along with their answers in **Multiple Choice Question (MCQ)** format: --- **1. What is a sentence?** **a.** A combination of clauses without a verb **b.** A single word that conveys an idea **c.** A group of random words **d.** A set of words complete in itself, with a subject and predicate ✅ --- **2. What does a full stop (.) indicate at the end of a sentence?** **a.** A question **b.** A statement ✅ **c.** An exclamation **d.** A command --- **3. In the sentence "Where is Chioma’s pen?" what type of sentence is it?** **a.** Exclamation **b.** Question ✅ **c.** Command **d.** Statement --- **4. What is the predicate in the sentence "Ade and I are working on a project"?** **a.** On a project **b.** Are working on a project ✅ **c.** Ade **d.** Ade and I --- **5. Why is a verb important in a sentence?** **a.** It identifies the subject **b.** It conveys action or state of being ✅ **c.** It determines punctuation **d.** It links clauses together --- **6. Which punctuation mark indicates an exclamation?** **a.** Period (.) **b.** Semicolon (;) **c.** Exclamation mark (!) ✅ **d.** Question mark (?) --- **7. What does a sentence convey?** **a.** A specific mood only **b.** A statement, question, exclamation, or command ✅ **c.** A single concept **d.** A random thought --- **8. How does a sentence end in written form?** **a.** With a semicolon **b.** With a period, question mark, or exclamation mark ✅ **c.** With any word **d.** With a capital letter --- **9. In the sentence "Derayo must write us a letter," which word is the subject?** **a.** Derayo ✅ **b.** Letter **c.** Must **d.** Write --- **10. Can the subject of a sentence be hidden?** **a.** Yes, but the verb must be present ✅ **b.** No, it is always visible **c.** No, it must always start the sentence **d.** Yes, and the verb can also be hidden --- PART 3 Here are the full questions with their correct answers marked: 1. **Which systems are involved in the complex motor act of speech production?** - a. Respiratory, laryngeal, and oral motor systems (Correct) - b. Nervous and digestive systems - c. Visual and auditory systems - d. Skeletal and muscular systems 2. **What enables humans to create speech sounds unique to their language?** - a. Specific vocal folds - b. Universal phonemes - c. Language-specific phonemes (Correct) - d. Oral cavity structure 3. **How many muscles are involved in speech production?** - a. 100 (Correct) - b. 125 - c. 75 - d. 50 4. **Which part of the respiratory system is essential for speech production?** - a. Trachea - b. Esophagus - c. Diaphragm (Correct) - d. Heart 5. **What is speech production?** - a. A highly complex motor act involving approximately 100 muscles (Correct) - b. A process limited to phoneme production - c. A simple motor act - d. A subconscious action without brain involvement 6. **Which cavity helps form vowel sounds?** - a. Pharyngeal cavity - b. Nasal cavity - c. Oral cavity (Correct) - d. Trachea 7. **Which organ is not part of the oral cavity?** - a. Tongue - b. Palate - c. Teeth - d. Esophagus (Correct) 8. **What is conceptualized as "Speech Production"?** - a. The process of listening - b. The process of thinking - c. The process of writing - d. The process of producing speech sounds (Correct) 9. **Which part of the brain controls some parts of the face and mouth during speech?** - a. Amygdala - b. Ventral sensorimotor cortex (vSMC) (Correct) - c. Brainstem - d. Cerebral cortex 10. **What is the primary purpose of the pharynx in speech production?** - a. Directing airflow to the oral and nasal cavities (Correct) - b. Controlling muscle movement - c. Supporting food digestion - d. Vibrating the vocal folds 11. **What is the main function of the velum in speech production?** - a. Vibrating air - b. Directing airflow for oral or nasal sounds (Correct) - c. Producing consonants - d. Amplifying sound 12. **What is the primary function of the organs in the pharyngeal cavity in speech production?** - a. Digestion - b. Blood circulation - c. Sound production (Correct) - d. Air filtration 13. **What differentiates speech production from basic breathing?** - a. It depends on visual cues - b. It involves brain activity (Correct) - c. It uses the oesophagus - d. It requires phonemes 14. **Why is the somato-sensory system vital in speech production?** - a. It memorizes phonetic sequences - b. It provides feedback for controlling speech organs (Correct) - c. It amplifies speech sounds - d. It detects sound patterns 15. **What are the three cavities involved in speech making?** - a. Pharyngeal, nasal, and esophageal cavities - b. Oral, nasal, and auditory cavities - c. Pharyngeal, oral, and nasal cavities (Correct) - d. Respiratory, oral, and laryngeal cavities 16. **What system is proven to be involved in speech production, according to Wein (2013)?** - a. Somato-sensory system (Correct) - b. Endocrine system - c. Cardiovascular system - d. Skeletal system 17. **What organ creates vibrations necessary for vocal sounds?** - a. Vocal cords (Correct) - b. Palate - c. Lips - d. Tongue 18. **What is responsible for coordinating the lips, jaw, tongue, and larynx during speech production?** - a. Occipital lobe - b. Ventral sensorimotor cortex (vSMC) (Correct) - c. Cerebellum - d. Hypothalamus 19. **According to Bock (1995), what does speech production involve?** - a. Transforming a linguistic utterance into a nonlinguistic concept - b. Memorizing phonemes - c. Coordinating the respiratory system - d. Transforming a communicative intention into a well-formed utterance (Correct) 20. **What aspect of speech allows effective communication?** - a. Proper grammar usage - b. Visual recognition of words - c. Accurate sound production and sequencing (Correct) - d. Memorization of vocabulary CHAT GPT BASED Here is the compilation of the questions with answers indicated in **bold**. --- ### **Topic 1: Introduction to Phonetics** 1. **What is phonetics?** a) Study of sentence structure b) Study of speech sounds (**b**) c) Study of word meaning d) Study of language evolution 2. **Which branch of phonetics focuses on the physical properties of sounds?** a) Articulatory phonetics b) Acoustic phonetics (**b**) c) Auditory phonetics d) Clinical phonetics 3. **What does auditory phonetics examine?** a) How sounds are produced b) How sounds travel c) How sounds are perceived (**c**) d) How sounds are written 4. **Which tool is commonly used in acoustic phonetics?** a) Spectrogram (**a**) b) Microphone c) Grammar analyzer d) Morphological analyzer 5. **Phonetics provides the foundation for which linguistic field?** a) Syntax b) Phonology (**b**) c) Semantics d) Pragmatics --- ### **Topic 2: Types of Phonetics** 6. **Articulatory phonetics is concerned with...** a) Speech perception b) Speech production (**b**) c) Sound patterns d) Word meanings 7. **What does acoustic phonetics measure?** a) Brain activity during speech b) Physical properties of speech sounds (**b**) c) Patterns of stress and intonation d) How language evolves 8. **Auditory phonetics focuses on...** a) How the ear processes sound (**a**) b) How sounds are produced c) How sounds are structured d) How sounds are articulated 9. **Which type of phonetics deals with sound waves?** a) Articulatory phonetics b) Acoustic phonetics (**b**) c) Clinical phonetics d) Auditory phonetics 10. **Clinical phonetics is used primarily in...** a) Theoretical linguistics b) Speech therapy (**b**) c) Sound recording d) Translation --- ### **Topic 3: Speech Organs** 11. **Which of the following is NOT an articulatory organ?** a) Lips b) Lungs c) Heart (**c**) d) Tongue 12. **The primary function of the tongue in speech is to...** a) Shape vocal cord vibrations b) Modify airflow to create sounds (**b**) c) Generate sound waves d) Regulate breathing 13. **Which organ vibrates to produce voiced sounds?** a) Nasal cavity b) Vocal cords (**b**) c) Pharynx d) Alveoli 14. **The velum is responsible for...** a) Vibrating to create sounds b) Closing off the nasal cavity during oral speech (**b**) c) Articulating vowels d) Resonating nasal sounds 15. **The vocal tract includes the...** a) Heart and lungs b) Lips, tongue, and pharynx (**b**) c) Brain and spinal cord d) Inner and outer ear --- ### **Topic 4: Phonetic Symbols** 16. **IPA stands for...** a) International Phonetics Academy b) International Phonetic Alphabet (**b**) c) International Phonetic Association d) International Pronunciation Alphabet 17. **The IPA was designed to...** a) Teach grammar rules b) Represent sounds in all languages (**b**) c) Create new alphabets d) Translate written texts 18. **Which symbol represents the “ee” sound in IPA?** a) /eɪ/ b) /i:/ (**b**) c) /u:/ d) /aɪ/ 19. **What does the IPA symbol /k/ represent?** a) "S" as in "sit" b) "C" as in "cat" (**b**) c) "G" as in "get" d) "P" as in "pet" 20. **Which symbol represents a voiced bilabial stop?** a) /p/ b) /b/ (**b**) c) /d/ d) /m/ --- ### **Topic 5: Speech Sound Categories** 21. **Consonants are classified based on...** a) Tongue shape b) Place and manner of articulation (**b**) c) Vowel length d) Stress patterns 22. **Which of the following is a voiced sound?** a) /t/ b) /b/ (**b**) c) /p/ d) /k/ 23. **What are vowels produced with?** a) Complete closure of the vocal tract b) Turbulent airflow c) Open vocal tract (**c**) d) Glottal stops 24. **A diphthong is...** a) A single vowel sound b) A combination of two vowel sounds (**b**) c) A nasal sound d) A consonant cluster 25. **Which of the following is NOT a place of articulation?** a) Velar b) Alveolar c) Uvular d) Breathy (**d**) --- Here’s the **120 multiple-choice questions (MCQs)** organized into **20 questions per week** from **Week 1 to Week 6**: --- ### **Week 1: Sound Patterns in the English Language** 1. **Phonetics is the study of...** a) Grammar b) Speech sounds (**b**) c) Sentence structure d) Writing systems 2. **What is the gap between the vocal folds called?** a) Trachea b) Alveolar ridge c) Glottis (**c**) d) Velum 3. **How many muscles are activated during speech production?** a) 50 b) 75 c) 100 (**c**) d) 125 4. **The science that deals with the sounds of speech is called...** a) Syntax b) Phonetics (**b**) c) Morphology d) Lexicology 5. **Which is NOT a branch of phonetics?** a) Articulatory phonetics b) Acoustic phonetics c) Morphological phonetics (**c**) d) Auditory phonetics 6. **What is the main role of the larynx in speech?** a) Generating vocal sounds (**a**) b) Resonation c) Controlling airflow d) Articulating consonants 7. **Which process is involved in shaping speech sounds?** a) Respiration b) Phonation c) Articulation (**c**) d) Resonance 8. **Which is an example of a bilabial sound?** a) /p/ (**a**) b) /t/ c) /s/ d) /k/ 9. **Which consonant is classified as a fricative?** a) /b/ b) /d/ c) /f/ (**c**) d) /m/ 10. **What does articulatory phonetics study?** a) Perception of sounds b) Physics of speech c) Production of sounds (**c**) d) Meaning of words 11. **The term "phonation" refers to...** a) Vibration of the vocal folds (**a**) b) Air expelled from the lungs c) Movement of articulators d) Sound perception 12. **What is a pulmonic egressive airstream?** a) Air flowing into the lungs b) Air flowing out of the lungs (**b**) c) Vibrations in the vocal cords d) Nasal resonance 13. **Which of the following is a voiced sound?** a) /t/ b) /b/ (**b**) c) /k/ d) /f/ 14. **What is the smallest unit of sound in a language?** a) Morpheme b) Phoneme (**b**) c) Lexeme d) Syllable 15. **What is the gap between the vocal cords called?** a) Larynx b) Glottis (**b**) c) Velum d) Trachea 16. **Which branch of phonetics studies sound perception?** a) Acoustic phonetics b) Articulatory phonetics c) Auditory phonetics (**c**) d) Clinical phonetics 17. **The study of how speech sounds are transmitted is called...** a) Acoustic phonetics (**a**) b) Articulatory phonetics c) Auditory phonetics d) Suprasegmental phonology 18. **Which of these is a bilabial sound?** a) /t/ b) /b/ (**b**) c) /k/ d) /ʃ/ 19. **Which term describes the "sh" sound?** a) Alveolar b) Bilabial c) Fricative (**c**) d) Nasal 20. **The glottis is located in the...** a) Lungs b) Vocal cords (**b**) c) Nasal cavity d) Pharynx --- ### **Week 2: The Concept of Phonology** 1. **Phonology is the study of...** a) Writing systems b) Sentence formation c) The organization of speech sounds (**c**) d) Word meanings 2. **What is a phoneme?** a) A written symbol b) The smallest unit of sound in a language (**b**) c) A combination of two vowels d) A sentence fragment 3. **What are minimal pairs?** a) Words with the same spelling b) Words that differ by only one phoneme (**b**) c) Synonyms d) Words with opposite meanings 4. **What term refers to variations of the same phoneme?** a) Morphemes b) Allophones (**b**) c) Intonation patterns d) Stress markers 5. **Which of the following features belongs to suprasegmental phonology?** a) Word stress (**a**) b) Allophones c) Minimal pairs d) Phonetic symbols 6. **What is a suprasegmental feature?** a) Vowel quality b) Stress (**b**) c) Place of articulation d) Manner of articulation 7. **Phonemes are also known as...** a) Sentence fragments b) Sound units (**b**) c) Vowel combinations d) Morphological markers 8. **What does a rising intonation usually signify in English?** a) A statement b) A command c) A question (**c**) d) A negative 9. **Which is NOT an example of a phoneme?** a) /p/ b) /t/ c) "th" (**c**) d) /k/ 10. **Which sound is classified as a bilabial plosive?** a) /k/ b) /b/ (**b**) c) /m/ d) /ʃ/ 11. **What is a distinctive feature of a vowel sound?** a) Complete closure b) Open vocal tract (**b**) c) Air friction d) Nasal airflow 12. **Phonology differs from phonetics in focusing on...** a) Sound production b) Sound meaning (**b**) c) Sound perception d) Sound mechanics 13. **The study of stress and intonation in language is part of...** a) Syntax b) Phonology (**b**) c) Morphology d) Semantics 14. **What is a sound variant called that does not change meaning?** a) Allophone (**a**) b) Phoneme c) Vowel d) Consonant 15. **Which is NOT a feature of segmental phonology?** a) Consonants b) Vowels c) Syllables (**c**) d) Phones 16. **What is an example of a voiced sound?** a) /k/ b) /p/ c) /z/ (**c**) d) /s/ 17. **Minimal pairs show differences in...** a) Intonation b) One phoneme (**b**) c) Syntax d) Sentence meaning 18. **Suprasegmental features include...** a) Stress and intonation (**a**) b) Minimal pairs c) Syntax d) Phonetics 19. **Which is an example of a plosive sound?** a) /m/ b) /p/ (**b**) c) /s/ d) /f/ 20. **What distinguishes “bat” from “pat”?** a) Intonation b) Voicing (**b**) c) Place of articulation d) Stress --- Here are the **remaining questions for Weeks 3 to 6** with 20 questions each: --- ### **Week 3: Word Classes and Parts of Speech** 1. **Which of the following is a major word class?** a) Conjunction b) Noun (**b**) c) Article d) Interjection 2. **A word that modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb is called...** a) Adjective b) Preposition c) Adverb (**c**) d) Noun 3. **The word "quickly" is an example of a(n)...** a) Adjective b) Adverb (**b**) c) Preposition d) Verb 4. **What part of speech connects clauses, sentences, or words?** a) Adjective b) Conjunction (**b**) c) Pronoun d) Verb 5. **A noun names a...** a) Person, place, thing, or idea (**a**) b) Quality or action c) Number or position d) Manner or degree 6. **Which of the following is NOT a function word?** a) Preposition b) Conjunction c) Noun (**c**) d) Pronoun 7. **What is the part of speech that expresses action or state of being?** a) Noun b) Verb (**b**) c) Adverb d) Preposition 8. **What is the part of speech that shows relationships between nouns?** a) Preposition (**a**) b) Conjunction c) Article d) Adverb 9. **A pronoun replaces a...** a) Verb b) Preposition c) Noun (**c**) d) Adjective 10. **Which of the following is a type of pronoun?** a) Coordinating b) Reflexive (**b**) c) Subordinating d) Attributive 11. **Which part of speech describes a noun?** a) Adverb b) Preposition c) Adjective (**c**) d) Conjunction 12. **Which of the following is NOT an example of an adjective?** a) Beautiful b) Quickly (**b**) c) Large d) Red 13. **What type of conjunction joins equal elements in a sentence?** a) Subordinating b) Coordinating (**b**) c) Correlative d) Conjunctive 14. **Which of the following is an example of a preposition?** a) Walked b) Under (**b**) c) Slowly d) Happy 15. **Which type of word expresses sudden emotion?** a) Interjection (**a**) b) Adverb c) Conjunction d) Pronoun 16. **Which of the following is an article?** a) A (**a**) b) Red c) Slowly d) Over 17. **What type of noun is "childhood"?** a) Proper noun b) Abstract noun (**b**) c) Concrete noun d) Collective noun 18. **Which type of verb shows a condition or state of being?** a) Action verb b) Linking verb (**b**) c) Helping verb d) Modal verb 19. **The word "they" is an example of a...** a) Conjunction b) Pronoun (**b**) c) Preposition d) Noun 20. **The word "and" is an example of a...** a) Preposition b) Adjective c) Conjunction (**c**) d) Adverb --- ### **Week 4: Sentence Types** 1. **A sentence that gives a command is called...** a) Declarative b) Exclamatory c) Imperative (**c**) d) Interrogative 2. **What is a sentence that expresses strong emotion?** a) Declarative b) Exclamatory (**b**) c) Interrogative d) Imperative 3. **A sentence that states a fact is called...** a) Declarative (**a**) b) Exclamatory c) Imperative d) Interrogative 4. **What type of sentence asks a question?** a) Declarative b) Imperative c) Interrogative (**c**) d) Exclamatory 5. **Which type of sentence gives information?** a) Interrogative b) Declarative (**b**) c) Imperative d) Exclamatory 6. **What punctuation does an interrogative sentence usually end with?** a) Period b) Exclamation mark c) Question mark (**c**) d) Comma 7. **A sentence that gives a command ends with...** a) Period (**a**) b) Exclamation mark c) Question mark d) Semicolon 8. **Which of the following is NOT a sentence type?** a) Declarative b) Imperative c) Descriptive (**c**) d) Exclamatory 9. **Which sentence type is used to give advice?** a) Declarative b) Imperative (**b**) c) Exclamatory d) Interrogative 10. **What sentence type is used for expressing gratitude?** a) Declarative (**a**) b) Interrogative c) Imperative d) Exclamatory 11. **What punctuation does an exclamatory sentence typically use?** a) Period b) Comma c) Exclamation mark (**c**) d) Question mark 12. **Which sentence asks for information?** a) Declarative b) Interrogative (**b**) c) Exclamatory d) Imperative 13. **An imperative sentence is often used for...** a) Giving commands (**a**) b) Asking questions c) Expressing emotions d) Giving information 14. **Which sentence type is neutral and informational?** a) Exclamatory b) Declarative (**b**) c) Interrogative d) Imperative 15. **A sentence that ends in "!" is likely...** a) Declarative b) Exclamatory (**b**) c) Imperative d) Interrogative 16. **Which sentence gives a direct order?** a) Declarative b) Imperative (**b**) c) Exclamatory d) Interrogative 17. **An interrogative sentence is used for...** a) Stating facts b) Asking questions (**b**) c) Giving orders d) Expressing emotions 18. **Which type of sentence asks for clarification?** a) Declarative b) Interrogative (**b**) c) Exclamatory d) Imperative 19. **What is a declarative sentence used for?** a) Asking questions b) Making statements (**b**) c) Expressing emotions d) Giving commands 20. **An exclamatory sentence is used to...** a) State a fact b) Express strong feelings (**b**) c) Give a command d) Ask a question --- Would you like a **PDF or Word document** with all 120 questions from Weeks 1 to 6 formatted for download?S