Inventors of Computing PDF

# Inventors of Computing ## Printer Inventors - Inkjet/Bubble Jet - Laser ## Computer Inventors ### Charles Babbage - "Father of Computers" - Originated the concept of a digital programmable computer - Designed lot of machines - KH FRS was an English polymath - **Born:** 26 December 1791, Londo...

# Inventors of Computing ## Printer Inventors - Inkjet/Bubble Jet - Laser ## Computer Inventors ### Charles Babbage - "Father of Computers" - Originated the concept of a digital programmable computer - Designed lot of machines - KH FRS was an English polymath - **Born:** 26 December 1791, London, United Kingdom - **Died:** 18 October 1871, Marylebone, United Kingdom - **Nationality:** British - **Children:** Benjamin Herschel Babbage, HenryPrevost, etc. - **Education:** University of Cambridge, Peterhouse, Cambridge, Trinity College, Cambridge ### Herman Hollerith - American inventor - Developed an electromechanical punched card tabulator - Completed the 1890 census in 3 years - Formed the Tabulating Machine Company in 1896 - **Born:** 29 February 1860, Buffalo, New York, United States - **Died:** 17 November 1929, Washington, D.C., United States - **Known for:** electromechanical tabulation of punched card data; IBM - **Spouse:** Beverley Talcott ### Augusta Ada King-Noel - Countess of Lovelace - "Mother of Computer" - English mathematician and writer - Known for her work on Charles Babbage's proposed mechanical general-purpose computer, the Analytical Engine - **Parents:** George Brunn Hollerith, Franciska Brunn Hollerith - **Born:** 10 December 1815, London, United Kingdom - **Died:** 27 November 1852, Marylebone, United Kingdom - **Full name:** Augusta Ada King-Noel, Countess of Lovelace - **Education:** University of London - **Spouse:** William King-Noel, 1st Earl of Lovelace (m. 1835–1852) - **Children:** Anne Blunt, 15th Baroness Wentworth, etc. ### John Napier of Merchiston - "Marvellous Merchiston" - Scottish landowner known as a mathematician, physicist, and astronomer - Was the 8th Laird of Merchiston - His Latinized name was Ioannes Neper - Created an abacus for calculation of products and quotients of numbers. - **Born:** 1550, Edinburgh, United Kingdom - **Died:** 4 April 1617, Merchiston Tower, Edinburgh, United Kingdom - **Education:** University of St Andrews - **Spouse:** Elizabeth Stirling (m. 1572–1579) - **Known for:** Logarithms; Napier's bones; Decimal notation ### William Oughtred - English mathematician and Anglican clergyman - Invented Slide Rule in 1622 - Slide Rule - Based on Napier's idea of logarithms - Used primarily for: multiplication, division, roots, logarithm, trigonometry - Not normally used for addition or subtraction - **Born:** 5 March 1574, Eton, United Kingdom - **Died:** 30 June 1660, Albury, United Kingdom - **Nationality:** English - **Books:** Clavis Mathematicae, etc. - **Known for:** Slide rule, Multiplication sign - **Education:** King's College, Cambridge (1600), King's College, Cambridge (1596), Eton College ### Alan Mathison Turing - OBE FRS was an English computer scientist, mathematician, logician, cryptanalyst, philosopher, and theoretical biologist - **Born:** 23 June 1912, Maida Vale - **Died:** 7 June 1954, Wilmslow, United Kingdom - **Award:** Smith's Prize - **Cause of death:** Cyanide poisoning - **Education:** Princeton University (1936-1938) ### John von Neumann - Hungarian-American mathematician, physicist, computer scientist, and polymath - Made major contributions to a number of fields, including mathematics, physics, economics, computing, and statistics - **Born:** 28 December 1903, Budapest, Hungary - **Died:** 8 February 1957, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda - **Education:** ETH Zurich, Fasori Gimnázium, Eötvös Loránd University - **Awards:** Enrico Fermi Award, Bôcher Memorial Prize ### John Vincent Atanasoff - American-Bulgarian physicist and inventor - Invented the first electronic digital computer in the 1930s at Iowa State College - Built and designed the ABC (Atanasoff-Berry-Computer) together with Clifford Berry - **Born:** 4 October 1903, Hamilton, New York, United States - **Died:** 15 June 1995, Frederick, Maryland, United States - **Education:** University of Wisconsin-Madison (1930) - **Spouse:** Alice Atanasoff (m. 1949–1995), Lura Meeks Atanasoff (m. 1926–1949) - **Siblings:** Edelina Atanasov, Irving Atanasov, Margaret Atanasov, etc. ### Clifford Edward Berry - Helped John Vincent Atanasoff create the first digital electronic computer in 1939 - **Parents:** Iva Lucena Purdy, Ivan Atanasov - **Born:** 19 April 1918, Gladbrook, Iowa, United States - **Died:** 30 October 1963, New York City, New York, United States - **Education:** Iowa State University - **Known for:** Atanasoff-Berry computer ### John William Mauchly - American physicist who, along with J. Presper Eckert, designed ENIAC - First general purpose electronic digital computer - Also designed EDVAC, BINAC and UNIVAC I, the first commercial computer made in the United States - Introduced the first commercially available electronic digital computer in 1951 together with J. Presper Eckert Jr. - Computers are built with vacuum tubes - **Academic advisor:** John Vincent Atanasoff - **Born:** 30 August 1907, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States - **Died:** 8 January 1980, Ambler, Pennsylvania, United States - **Education:** University of Pennsylvania, Johns Hopkins University, Ursinus College, McKinley Technology High School - **Parents:** Rachel Mauchly, Sebastian Jacob Mauchly - **Awards:** IEEE Emanuel R. Piore Award ### John Adam Presper "Pres" Eckert Jr. - American electrical engineer and computer pioneer - With John Mauchly he designed the first general-purpose electronic digital computer - **Organizations founded:** UNIVAC, Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation - **Born:** 9 April 1919, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States - **Died:** 3 June 1995, Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania, United States - **Parents:** John Eckert - **Known for:** ENIAC - **Education:** Moore School of Electrical Engineering, University of Pennsylvania - **Awards:** National Medal of Science for Engineering, IEEE Emanuel R. Piore Award ### Howard Hathaway Aiken - American physicist and a pioneer in computing - Original conceptual designer behind IBM's Harvard Mark I computer - **Born:** 8 March 1900, Hoboken, New Jersey, United States - **Died:** 14 March 1973, St. Louis, Missouri, United States - **Nationality:** American - **Spouse(s):** Louise Mancill (m. 1939–1942); Agnes Montgomery (m. 1943-1961); Mary Aiken (m. 1963-1973) - **Education:** Harvard University - **Known for:** 1940, Conrad Zuse's Z3 - First computing machine to use binary code, precursor to modern digital computers - 1944, Harvard Mark I, Howard Aiken - 1946, ENIAC first all digital computer ### Douglas Carl Engelbart - Ushered in the "Mainframe" era of computing - "First Generation" - 18,000 vacuum tubes - American engineer and inventor, early computer and Internet pioneer - Father of the modern mouse - Developed a gadget made with a wooden base using two wheels to roll back and forth - It was the first mouse that could fit into a user's hand - Called a computer mouse because of the wire that connects the mouse to the computer. The people who designed it thought that it looked like the tail on a mouse - **Born:** 30 January 1925, Portland, Oregon, United States - **Died:** 2 July 2013, Atherton, California, United States - **Residence:** Atherton, California, U.S - **Education:** University of California, Berkeley (1955) - **Spouse:** Karen O'Leary (m. 2008), Ballard Engelbart (m. 1951-1997) ### Blaise Pascal - French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer and Catholic theologian - Child prodigy who was educated by his father, a tax collector in Rouen - **Father of modern Calculators** - Built for Etienne Pascal (his father) an accountant for the King of France - Built in 1639 - **Born:** 19 June 1623, Clermont-Ferrand, France - **Died:** 19 August 1662, Paris, France ### William Henry Gates III - An American business magnate, investor, author, philanthropist, humanitarian, and principal founder of Microsoft Corporation - Microsoft's cofounder became a self-made millionaire in 1981 at age 26 - Value in his shares surpassed $1 billion by the time he was 31, making him the youngest billionaire ever at the time - **Born:** 28 October 1955 (age 62 years), Seattle, Washington, United States - **Net worth:** 92.9 billion USD (2018) Forbes - **Spouse:** Melinda Gates (m. 1994) - **Children:** Jennifer Katharine Gates, Rory John Gates, Phoebe Adele Gates - **Did you know:** Bill Gates has the highest amount given to charity ($35 billion) among the greatest philanthropists ### Mark Elliot Zuckerberg - American technology entrepreneur and philanthropist best known for co-founding and leading Facebook as its chairman and chief executive officer - **Born:** 14 May 1984 (age 34 years), White Plains, New York, United States - **Height:** 1.71 m - **Net worth:** 74.7 billion USD (2018) Forbes - **Spouse:** Priscilla Chan (m. 2012) - **Salary:** One-dollar salary - **Education:** Harvard University (2002–2004) ### Steven Paul Jobs - American entrepreneur and business magnate. He was the chairman, chief executive officer, and a co-founder of Apple Inc., chairman and majority shareholder of Pixar - **Born:** 24 February 1955, San Francisco, California, United States - **Died:** 5 October 2011, Palo Alto, California, United States - **Cause of death:** Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor - **Spouse:** Laurene Powell (m. 1991–2011) - **Education:** Reed College (1972–1974) ## Development of Computer Hardware ### Three Components of an IS (Information System) - **Hardware:** Tangible portion of the components of the computer/physical parts - **Software:** Operating systems, utilities, programs, and applications that enable computers to work - **People:** Human role in an IT system. The process such as human interaction, programming, etc. ### Hardware - **Input** - Keyboard - Mouse - Mic - Camera - **Output** - Projector - Speaker - Scanner - Monitor - **Both** - Digital Camera - Touch Screen - Fax - Modem - Webcam - CD/DVD **Why keyboard is not alphabetical?** People typed so fast that the mechanical character arms got stuck.