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# Diversity of Organisms ## Biological Diversity of Organisms Biological diversity occurs due to variations among organisms. The variation enables classification and has led to different species concepts. ## Species Concepts The morphological concept of species is the concept of based on shared tr...

# Diversity of Organisms ## Biological Diversity of Organisms Biological diversity occurs due to variations among organisms. The variation enables classification and has led to different species concepts. ## Species Concepts The morphological concept of species is the concept of based on shared traits. The biological species concept is based on the ability to interbreed and produce fertile offspring. Organisms are classified using the binomial nomenclature. In the binomial nomenclature is system the first word, the genus name, is capitalized and the species name is not. ## Karyotyping Karyotyping is used to analyze chromosome banding patterns, centromere positions, and lengths. Karyotyping helps to identify species differences. For example, the fusion of human chromosome 2. Polyploidy is common in plants like *Persicaria*, allowing for increased genetic diversity by increasing the number of chromosome, and enabling instant speciation. In polyploid organisms, cells contain more than two complete sets of chromosomes, often because of errors in meiosis or hybridization. This results in increased genetic variation, larger cell size, and increased adaptability to environmental changes.