Protecting Resources & National Interests PDF (2021)

| ETT ® a Co || Chapter Six Protecting resources and national interests Introduction In Stand...

| ETT ® a Co || Chapter Six Protecting resources and national interests Introduction In Standard Four, you learnt about being responsible and caring for resources, and fulfilling your duties at family level. You also learnt to cooperate with other people in order to fulfil responsibilities at school and at home. In this chapter, you will learn about the importance of protecting national resources as the duty of every good citizen. In addition, you will learn how to identify national resources, use them and protect the available national resources. You will also learn how to denounce the behaviour of not protecting public properties. The meaning of resources Resources refer to properties owned by an individual, a group of people, an institution or a nation. These include land, people, forests, mountains, and historical sites. Some resources such as houses, farms, water taps, and electricity are found at home. Resources are very important for development. Therefore, it is crucial to protect them. Several ways can be used to protect and conserve such resources. Some of these ways are explained below. Ways of protecting and preserving national resources Several ways can be used to protect and preserve national resources. Avoiding vandalism and reporting those who destroy resources are some of them. Additionally, mountains and valleys can be protected by preserving the natural vegetation available. Mount Kilimanjaro, Olduvai Gorge, Rufiji River, Kilombero River, Ihefu and Kihansi waterfalls are good examples of resources. Others include historical sites, such as Amboni caves in Tanga and Kondoa Irangi paintings in Dodoma. We can also preserve sources of water and restrict illegal fishing and poaching. Different activities destroy resources in our surroundings. Examples include extraction of minerals, poor methods of agriculture, and burning of forests. These lead to land degradation and deforestation. Other negative practices involve using bad fishing methods such as using poison and dynamite, littering, and polluting water sources with mineral or industrial chemicals. | | CIVIC & MORAL STD 5 FINAL.indd 78 @ 2021/08/04 15:44 | | || TTT ® oe || Look at the following picture and answer the questions that follow. Figure 1: Preserving national resources List the resources you see in Figure 1. WN >= Mention the activity that is being done in Figure 1. Mention three (3) advantages of the activity done in Figure 1. Outline ways of conserving natural resources and explain the RF advantages that our nation gets from those actions. QMO rAYea hi ava Discuss with your fellow pupils how you can protect the resources in your surrounding. Write it in the exercise book and submit it to your teacher. | | CIVIC & MORAL STD 5 FINAL.indd 79 @ 2021/08/04 ay | TT ® Uses of national resources Be Ask yourself What are the uses of national resources? Which benefits do you get from them? National resources are very important for the development of any country. The economy of the country is measured by the amount of resources it possesses. Our country is blessed with a lot of resources such as minerals, land, forests, water bodies, mountains, valleys, national parks, and people. In the following part, we will look at the uses of these resources. Minerals: Minerals are valuable stones found in the land. Minerals are the most important resources for the development of a nation. Tanzania is one among the blessed countries with different minerals. It is rich in gold, Tanzanite, diamond, aluminum, limestone, iron, salt, and potassium. These minerals are used as raw materials to make expensive ornaments like earrings, chains, watches, and rings. In addition, some minerals such as limestone are used in making cement, chalk and gypsum. Additionally, iron is used to make strong agricultural tools, construction tools, and other domestic items. Aluminum minerals are used to make windows, pots, and iron-sheets. Gold is used to represent the wealth of a nation, if it is stored in the central bank. © Figure 2: Some iron materials painted with gold | | CIVIC & MORAL STD 5 FINAL.indd 80 @ 2021/08/04 15:44 | | || ® Land: Land is the surface of the earth that is not sea. It is one of the important resources in any country, including Tanzania. Land includes all things which grow up on its surface and those in it. Land is used for agriculture, construction, and industry. It is also used to preserve natural resources such as water. Forests: Forests involve different trees, bushes, and grasses. There are two types of forests: natural forests and man-made forests. Natural forests grow themselves. Examples include those in Udzungwa, Zaraninge, Pugu-Kisarawe, Kazimzumbwi, Ruaha, Mikumi, Serengeti and Katavi. Man-made forests are planted by human beings like Sao Hill in Iringa, Kibena Forest (Njombe) and Forest (Mbeya). Forests are very important for the life of human beings, animals, birds and other living things. To human beings, forests provide building materials such as timber, logs, and rope. In addition, forests provide charcoal, firewood, and traditional medicine. Forests are also used in performing traditional rituals and sacrifices. A good example is the Nyumbanitu forest in Njombe. Moreover, other forests provide rich habitats for wild animals, birds, and different insects. Figure 3: Natural forest | | CIVIC & MORAL STD 5FINAL.indd 81 @ 2021/08/04 15:44 | | | TT ® Water: Water is a colourless liquid which comes from rain, rivers, lakes, and oceans. People use water for cooking, drinking, and cleaning. Water is categorized into two types: salty water which is found in the ocean and fresh water which is found in rivers, lakes, springs and dams. Water is essential for the survival and well-being of all living things. Almost three quarters of the surface of the earth is covered with water. Water is used for domestic and economic purposes as in agricultural and industrial activities. Domestically, for example, water is used for drinking, bathing, washing clothes as well as utensils. Water is also a habitat for living things such as salamander, fish, hippopotamuses, crocodile, frogs and crabs. In Tanzania, lakes are used to show national boundaries. Good examples are Lake Victoria, Lake Tanganyika, and Lake Nyasa. Water can also be used for irrigation activities and livestock. Examples include the rice irrigation scheme in Mbarali, Mbeya. Water falls are used to generate hydro-electric power. For example, the Kidatu hydro-electricity power uses water falls from Ruaha River and Kilombero River. Water is also used as a means of transport in the ocean, lakes, and rivers by using ships, dhows, boats, and canoes. Water also helps to stabilize the climatic condition and to preserve the natural vegetation. For example, water produces vapour which condenses to form rainfall. Water is used for cooking at home and cleaning machines in industries. ee 2 es } = Figure 4: Uses of water | | CIVIC & MORAL STD 5FINAL.indd 82 @ 2021/08/04 15:44 | | || TTT ® oe || National Parks: A national park refers to a place where animals live. Examples of Tanzanian national parks are Serengeti, Mikumi, and Ruaha. These national parks have animals which attract tourists, and they help our country to earn foreign currencies. Figure 5: National park Mountains and valleys: Mountains and valleys help us to preserve and protect natural vegetation. They are the source of fertile land and tourist attractions. Tanzania is rich in mountain resources such as Kilimanjaro, Kipengere, Meru, Usambara and Uluguru. Mountains give raw materials such as stones, limestone, and sand for construction. Some of these mountains and valleys are sources of water. A good example is Mount Matogoro in Songea which is the source of the Ruvuma river. We should protect and preserve our mountains and valleys for the benefit of the current and future generations. | | CIVIC & MORAL STD 5FINAL.indd 83 @ 2021/08/04 15:44 | | | TT ® People: People are living beings with intelligence and free will. Therefore, they are the main resources due to their intelligence and free will. This makes them to be an important resource of any country, including Tanzania. By using their effort and knowledge, people produce goods such as agricultural goods, mineral goods, and industrial goods. All these lead to the development of the country. Human resources are the source of leaders and expertise. In addition, people are consumers of different agricultural and industrial products. Figure 6: Tailors cooperating in sewing Inappropriate use of national resources Inappropriate use of national resources refers to the situation of misusing national resources. Consider the following acts and answer the questions that follow: 1. A pupil is tearing a school book and another one is jumping over desks. | | CIVIC & MORAL STD 5 FINAL.indd 84 @ 2021/08/04 15:44 | | || ® A pupil is drawing on the school wall and another pupil is destroying a school water tap. Angry pupils are throwing stones at the school glass windows. A pupil is passing across the school garden. The other one uproots & flowers. A pupil is covering a school book. NO O A pupil is weeding a school garden of flowers. A pupil is fixing a leaking tap to save water. A pupil is watering tree seedlings. Oo Gap Mention the acts that are supposed to be condemned among the , ones you have read. If it were you, what acts would you condemn among the mentioned? KWON Outline the public resources which are available at your school. Explain how your school resources can be protected and preserved. © Explain the activities that you are going to do in order to discourage a misusing school properties. Outline other actions which destroy public resources in your community. 7. To which institutions will you report about vandalism of public resources? KY S pee Activity 2 Discuss with your friends how to use water resources for community development | | CIVIC & MORAL STD 5 FINAL.indd 85 @ 2021/08/04 15:44 | | | TT ® Write the correct answer in your exercise book. 1. Which of the following is a resource found in Tanzania? (a) Forests (b) Timber C) (c) Charcoal 2. Which among the following is the importance of forests? (a) Provides us with minerals (b) Provides us with timber (_) (c) Provides us with crops 3. | Howcan we preserve forests? (a) By deforestation (b) By burning them (_) (c) By afforestation 4. What activity among the following accelerates the destruction of water resources? (a) Cutting of trees around water bodies (b) To avoid burning of forests (_) (c) To avoid outflow of polluted water 5. Which among the following activities contributes to land degradation? (a) Tilling across the slope (b) Burning forests when preparing farms (_) (c) Applying manure in the farms SECTION B Write True for a true sentence and False for a false one. 6. Minerals are the main source of national income. 7. Every person is responsible for protecting national resources. ___. | | CIVIC & MORAL STD 5 FINAL.indd 86 @ 2021/08/04 15:44 | |  8. Those who vandalise resources are helping the nation. 9. Fishermen who fish by using poison and dynamite conserve the environment. 10. Cutting down trees is one of the strategies for forest conservation. 11. All citizens have the obligation to protect natural resources. SECTION C Match the words in Part A with their correct counterparts in Part B. PARTA PART B Natural resources Conservation strategies 1, National resources (a) Use of poison Land degradation (b) Used for farming as well as FF WON human and animal settlement/ Illegal fishing habitats NO Land (c) Sources of water Mountains and valleys a (d) Animal habitat only Misuse (e) People, forests, minerals, land, Decoration water, wild animals (f) Burning forests (g) Fishing without poison (h) Bad use of public resource ( i) Originate from minerals | | CIVIC & MORAL STD 5 FINAL.indd 87 2021/08/04 15:44 | |  Vocabulary | | CIVIC & MORAL STD 5 FINAL.indd 88 @ 2021/08/04 v6 | |