Philippine Politics And Governance - Executive Branch PDF

PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE FIRST SEMESTER THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE OBJECTIVES: Understand the role and responsibilities of the Executive Department. Examine the constitutional powers and roles of the President. Appreciate the importance of...

PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE FIRST SEMESTER THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE OBJECTIVES: Understand the role and responsibilities of the Executive Department. Examine the constitutional powers and roles of the President. Appreciate the importance of understanding the President’s executive powers to exhort critical thinking to every citizen. What is the role of the executive branch? EXECUTIVE BRANCH It is the branch that’s in charge of the execution and administration of a country’s laws. In general, the executive branch sets the direction of national policy Who are part of the executive branch? Who possesses the power of the executive branch? The executive power shall be vested in the President of the Philippines. - Article VII Sec. 1, 1987 Phil. Constitution REMEMBER! The provisions about the Executive Branch are stated in Article VII of the 1987 Constitution. What do you think are the qualifications of a president?  No person may be elected President unless he is a natural-born citizen of the Philippines, a registered voter, able to read and write, at least forty years of age on the day of the election, and a resident of the Philippines for at least ten years immediately preceding such election. - Article VII Sec. 2, 1987 Phil. Constitution These qualifications are the same as the Vice President (Article VII Sec. 3) Do you think that the mentioned qualifications are enough for someone who wants to be president? ELECTION & TERM OF OFFICE How they are Direct Vote Direct Vote voted? Term of Office 1 term = 6 years 1 term = 6 years Can be re- YES, but not more elected in the NO than 2 successive same position? terms - Article VII Sec. 4, 1987 Phil. Constitution What if… something happened to the President? In case… The president-elect fails to qualify; The president shall not have chosen, or; The president-elect shall have died or shall have become permanently disabled. The Vice President shall act as President. - Article VII Sec. 7 & 8 1987 Phil. Constitution  RULE OF SUCCESSION President Vice President Senate President House Speaker - Article VII Sec. 7 & 8 1987 Phil. Constitution Can the acting president run for presidency? YES. POWERS OF THE PRESIDENT A. POWER OF APPOINTMENT B. POWER OF ENFORCEMENT C. POWER OF GENERAL SUPERVISION D. POWER TO CALL THE MILITARY E. EXECUTIVE CLEMENCY F. POWER OF LEGISLATION G. POWER OF DIPLOMACY A. POWER OF APPOINTMENT The president of the Philippines has the power to appoint or select a person to occupy and exercise particular governmental offices. Some of the offices, however, require the consent of the Commission of Appointments (CA) to have an appointment. (Article VII, Section 16)  NEEDS CONSENT Head of Executive Departments Ambassadors Other Public Ministers and consul Officers of the AFP from the rank of Colonel to Naval Captain Other officers that are vested in him by the constitution Executive Departments: Secretary of Education, DILG, DOH Other Public Ministers: Permanent Representatives to the UN, Charge d’ affaires (***vice ambassador) Consuls: Consuls in other nations Other Offices: COMELEC Commissioners, Commission on Audit Chairperson, Civil Service Commission Chairpersons  DOESN’T NEED CONSENT All officers of the government whose appointments are not otherwise provided by law Those whom the president may be authorize to appoint Officers lower in rank whose appointments the congress may by law vest in the President alone. Assistant Secretaries, Bureau Directors (Customs, Internal Revenue) Regional Directors (DepEd, DA, PDEA), Government-owned and controlled corporations (PAGCOR, GSIS or SSS.) Undersecretaries, Provincial or City Directors of PNP Deputy administrators B. POWER OF ENFORCEMENT It is stated in Article VII, Section 17 that the President ensures that the laws be faithfully executed. The power to enforce the law is basically the framework of all the functions of the executive branch. C. POWER OF GENERAL SUPERVISION The President of the Philippines shall exercise general supervision over local governments. Provinces with respect to component cities and municipalities, and cities and municipalities with respect to component barangays, shall ensure that the acts of their component units are within the scope of their prescribed powers and functions. - Article X, Section 4 1987 Constitution D. POWER TO CALL THE MILITARY The president of the Philippines is the Commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines as declared in Article VII, Section 18 of the 1987 constitution, hence the military is within the disposal of the president with certain limitations.  GROUNDS FOR CALLING THE MILITARY REBELLION INVASION - an uprising with - when another state the goal of occupies the overthrowing the sovereign territory of government. the Philippines. LAWLESS VIOLENCE - criminal activity creates havoc and disturbs the peace of the region.  POWER TO DECLARE MARTIAL LAW The president, with the right grounds, has the power to declare martial law to restore peace, safety, and order. In the event of such a declaration, the privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus is suspended. Writ of Habeas Corpus: No one is held without charge. E. EXECUTIVE CLEMENCY In the Philippines, the president alone has the power to grant executive clemency. According to Article VII, Section 19, the President may grant the following: PARDON COMMUTATION REPRIEVE AMNESTY 1. Pardon – the power to exempt an individual from punishment for a crime. 2. Commutation – the power to reduce or mitigate penalty. 3. Reprieve – the power to postpone a sentence or stay of execution 4. Amnesty – the power to put to oblivion the offense of political figures, however, it requires the concurrence of the majority of Congress. F. POWER OF LEGISLATURE The president has the power to make decrees, orders, and letters of instructions which can be enacted as special laws of the land. Example includes suspension of classes, declaration of holidays, and the declaration of the suspension of the Writ of Habeas Corpus and Martial Law. G. POWER OF DIPLOMACY The president is the highest diplomatic official of the state. He has the prerogative to enter treaties and agreements with other states. However, the constitution demands the Senate to have a 2/3 majority ratification for the Philippines to be bound to the agreement. DO YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS? CLARIFICATIONS? ACTIVITY INSTRUCTION: Cite four powers of the Philippine President, explain and give a scenario wherein a president exercises that kind of power. Write your answers in your notebook. RUBRICS: 3 pts – explanation of the power 2 pts – example scenario END OF DISCUSSION