Nursing Exam Review Questions PDF

## Nursing Exam Review Questions ### Multiple Choice Questions 1. A nurse develops a plan of care for a client with hyperthyroidism and includes which of the following with the plan? - Provide small meals - Provide extra blankets - Provide a restful environment 2. A nurse is performing a...

## Nursing Exam Review Questions ### Multiple Choice Questions 1. A nurse develops a plan of care for a client with hyperthyroidism and includes which of the following with the plan? - Provide small meals - Provide extra blankets - Provide a restful environment 2. A nurse is performing an assessment on a client following a thyroidectomy. The nurse notes that the client has developed hoarseness and a weak voice. Which nursing action is appropriate? - Notify physician immediately - Reassure the client that this is usually a temporary condition 3. A client is taking NPH insulin daily every a.m. The nurse instructs the client that the most likely time for a hypoglycemic reaction to occur is: - 6-14 hours after administration 4. A nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client with diabetes mellitus regarding proper foot care. Which instruction is included in the plan? - Always have a podiatrist to cut your toenails, never cut them yourself. 5. A client is brought to the emergency room in an unresponsive state, and a diagnosis of hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome is made. The nurse would prepare immediately to initiate which of the following anticipated physician's orders? - Intravenous infusion of normal saline 6. A client newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus has been stabilized with insulin injections daily. A nurse prepares a discharge teaching plan regarding the insulin. The teaching plan should reinforce which of the following concepts? - Systematically rotate insulin injection sites 7. A client with a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is being treated in an emergency room. Which finding would a nurse expect to note as confirming this diagnosis? - Elevated blood glucose level and a low plasma bicarbonate 8. A nurse teaches a client with diabetes mellitus about differentiating between hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis. The client demonstrates an understanding of the teaching by stating that glucose will be taken if which of the following symptoms develop? - Shakiness 9. A client with diabetes demonstrates acute anxiety when first admitted for the treatment of hyperglycemia. The most appropriate intervention to decrease the client's anxiety would be to: - Convey empathy, trust, and respect towards the client. 10. A nurse provides instructions to a client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The nurse recognizes accurate understanding of measures to prevent diabetic ketoacidosis when the client states, - "I will notify my physician if my blood glucose level is greater than 250mg/dL" 11. A client is admitted to a hospital with a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The initial blood glucose level was 950mg/dL. A continuous intravenous infusion of regular insulin is initiated along with intravenous rehydration with a normal saline. The serum glucose level is now 240mg/dL. The nurse would next prepare to administer which of the following? - Intravenous fluids containing 5% dextrose 12. A physician has prescribed propylthiouracil (PTU) for a client with hyperthyroidism. A nurse develops a plan of care for the client. A priority nursing assessment to be included in the plan regarding this medication is to assess for: - Signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism 13. A physician prescribes levothyroxine sodium (Synthroid), 0.15mg PO daily, for a client with hypothyroidism. A nurse will prepare to administer this medication - In the morning to prevent sleeplessness 14. A nurse monitoring a client newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus for signs of complications. Which of the following, if exhibited in the client, would indicate hyperglycemia and warrant physician notification? - Polyuria 15. A nurse is preparing a plan of care for a client with diabetes mellitus who has hyperglycemia. The priority nursing diagnosis would be - Deficient knowledge: disease process and treatment. 16. A client with type 2 diabetes mellitus has a blood glucose greater than 600mg/dL and is complaining of polydipsia, polyuria, weight loss, and weakness. A nurse reviews physician's documentation and would expect to note which of the following diagnoses? - Diabetes ketoacidosis (DKA) 17. A nurse performs a physical assessment on a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Finding include a fasting blood glucose of 120mg/dL, temperature of 101°F, pulse of 88, respirations of 22, and blood pressure of 140/84mmHg. Which finding would be most concern to the nurse? - Temperature 18. A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which statement by the client indicates that instructions related to dietary management were understood? - "I will need to limit the amount of protein in my diet." 19. A nurse is completing an assessment on an older client who is being admitted for a diagnostic workup for primary hyperparathyroidism. Which client complaint would be characteristic of this disorder? - Polyphagia. 20. A nurse is caring for a postoperative parathyroidectomy client. Which client complaint would indicate that a serious, life-threatening complication may be developing, requiring immediate notification of the physician? - Laryngeal stridor 21. A client who currently is taking levothyroxine sodium (Synthroid) complains of cold intolerance, constipation, dry skin, weight gain, and puffy eyes. Based on these findings, the nurse would anticipate which of the following prescriptions? - Decrease levothyroxine sodium dosage after checking the T4 level 22. A nurse is preparing to provide instructions to a client with Addison's disease regarding diet therapy. The nurse knows that which of the following diets most likely would be prescribed for this client? - Low sodium intake 23. A nursing instructor asks a student to describe the pathophysiology that occurs in Cushing's disease. Which statement by the student indicates an accurate understanding of this disorder? - "Cushing's disease is characterized by an oversecretion of glucocorticoid hormones." 24. Post thyroidectomy nursing care includes which measures? - Check the dressing at the back of the neck for bleeding. 25. Which medication will the nurse have available for emergency treatment of tetany in a post thyroidectomy patient? - Calcium gluconate 26. When caring for a client in a thyroid crisis, the nurse would question an order for: - Hyperthermia blanket 27. A client is prescribed levothyroxine (Synthroid) daily. The most important instruction to give the client for administration of this drug is: - Call the doctor if palpitations or nervousness occur 28. The nurse performing an assessment of a client who has been receiving long-term steroid therapy would expect to find: - Central obesity 29. A client is scheduled for a routine glycosylated hemoglobin test. What is important for the nurse to tell the client before this test? - Drink only water after midnight and come for blood extraction early AM. 30. What is a characteristic symptom of hypoglycemia that should alert the nurse to an early insulin reaction? - Diaphoresis