Pest Control Methods & IPM PDF

5.6 Pest Control Methods & 5.14 IPM  Chemicals that kill pests, prevent damage to crops, increasing the yields. Pesticides Types of Pesticides: Herbicides: Kills plants (herbs) Fungicides: Kills fungi...

5.6 Pest Control Methods & 5.14 IPM  Chemicals that kill pests, prevent damage to crops, increasing the yields. Pesticides Types of Pesticides: Herbicides: Kills plants (herbs) Fungicides: Kills fungi Rodenticides: Kills rodents Insecticides: Kills insects  Pesticides Broad Spectrum vs. Narrow spectrum  Kills multiple types of pests. Only kills specific types of pests.  Risks killing non-target Other species are not species. affected. How Vast food supply for pests that Monocropping specialize in that plant, allowing increases the exponential growth. need for Predators of pests often depend Pesticides on non-crop plants for habitat and cannot live in the fields. As such, pesticides are often used to control the pest populations.  Pests may become resistant as resistant individuals survive to the next generations and reproduce. Pesticide This results in an ongoing battle back and forth to Resistance have even deadlier pesticides fighting ever more resistant pests. (Pesticide Treadmill)  Some pesticides may Persistent also be POPs, meaning Pesticides they remain in the environment for years to decades, contaminating soil, waterways, and organisms. Traditional Pesticides Traditional pesticides are more prone to runoff Can lead to death of microorganisms and beneficial species in surrounding ecosystems Spray application of pesticides can also enter the Traditional Pesticides Killing of non- target species Biomagnification of pollutants (including pesticides) in apex predators (8.8) IPM Reduces pesticide use through a variety of methods. May be complex and expensive. Biological Controls: introducing predators Physical Controls: traps, tilling, screens, weed blocker Chemical controls: insecticide/herbicide  Reduces pesticide use through a variety of methods. May be complex and expensive. Crop rotation (eggs in soil don’t hatch at the correct Integrated plant) Pest Intercropping (pests less likely to get established in large Managemen numbers) t Pest-resistant crops (Either natural or GMO) (IPM) Habitat for Predators (Bird boxes for owls, rotating in chickens) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eF_fbTbHdyg