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RapturousJasmine

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Ahram Canadian University

Dr. Dalirzick

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binary numbers floating-point numbers number systems computer science

Summary

This document explains floating-point numbers. It provides examples of converting decimal numbers to binary numbers using both multiplication and subtraction methods. It also contains practice examples which make the concepts easier to understand.

Full Transcript

‫ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ‪www.onlinedoctranslator.com -‬‬ ‫ﺭﻗﻢﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺉﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﻱ‪ ،‬ﺗﻔﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﺔ )ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺱ(‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﺪﺍﺩﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺰء ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﻱ‬...

‫ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ‪www.onlinedoctranslator.com -‬‬ ‫ﺭﻗﻢﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺉﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﻱ‪ ،‬ﺗﻔﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﺔ )ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺱ(‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﺪﺍﺩﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺰء ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫‪)37.25‬ﺍﻟﻜﻞ = ‪ ،37‬ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮ = ‪(25/100‬‬ ‫‪123.567‬‬ ‫‪10.12345678‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‪ ،TOCS.‬ﺩﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﻟﻴﺮﻳﺰﻙ‬ ‫ﺭﻗﻢﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺉﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ‪ 37.25‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫‪2-10‬‬ ‫‪1-10‬‬ ‫‪010‬‬ ‫‪110‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺉﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﺸﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪(1/100 × 5) + (1/10 × 2) + (1 × 7) + (10 × 3) =37.25‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‪ ،TOCS.‬ﺩﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﻟﻴﺮﻳﺰﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻓﺆﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺉﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺉﻲ ﻟﺮﻗﻢ ﻓﺎﺻﻞ ﻋﺸﺮﻱ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺉﻲ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺟﺰء ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺪﺓ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ (1‬ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﺠﺰء ﺑﺄﻛﻤﻠﻪ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﺡ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﻠﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﻣﺴﺒﻘﺎً‪.‬‬ ‫‪ (2‬ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﺠﺰء ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﻱ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﺡ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ‪.‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‪ ،TOCS.‬ﺩﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﻟﻴﺮﻳﺰﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺰءﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﻱ – ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻲﺍﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺉﻲ ﻟﺮﻗﻢ ﻓﺎﺻﻞ ﻋﺸﺮﻱ ﺳﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻗﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫‪…4-2‬‬ ‫‪3-2‬‬ ‫‪2-2‬‬ ‫‪2 22‬‬ ‫‪1-2.02 1‬‬ ‫‪32‬‬ ‫‪42‬‬ ‫‪52‬‬ ‫…‬ ‫‪…1/16‬‬ ‫‪1/8 1/4‬‬ ‫‪1/2. 1 2‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪8 16‬‬ ‫… ‪32‬‬ ‫‪…0625.‬‬ ‫‪125.‬‬ ‫‪25.‬‬ ‫‪5. 1 2‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪8 16‬‬ ‫… ‪32‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‪ ،TOCS.‬ﺩﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﻟﻴﺮﻳﺰﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺰءﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﻱ – ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ‪.1‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺉﻲ ﻟـ ‪0.25‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﺓ‪ :1‬ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺑـ ‪ 2‬ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺰء ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﻱ‬ ‫‪25.‬‬ ‫ﻳﺼﺒﺢ‪0‬‬ ‫×‪2‬‬ ‫‪5.0‬‬ ‫×‪2‬‬ ‫‪0.1‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﺓ‪ :2‬ﻗﻢ ﺑﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﺟﺰﺍء ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻣﻲ‪.‬ﺿﻌﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔﺍﻟﺠﺬﺭ‬ ‫‪0625. 125. 25. 5..‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0.‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‪ ،TOCS.‬ﺩﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﻟﻴﺮﻳﺰﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺰءﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﻱ – ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ‪.2‬ﺃﻭﺟﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺊ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺉﻲ ﻟـ ‪0.625‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﺓ‪ :1‬ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺑـ ‪ 2‬ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺰء ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﻱ‬ ‫‪625.‬‬ ‫ﻳﺼﺒﺢ‪0‬‬ ‫×‪2‬‬ ‫‪25.1‬‬ ‫×‪2‬‬ ‫‪50.0‬‬ ‫×‪2‬‬ ‫‪0.1‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﺓ‪ :2‬ﻗﻢ ﺑﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﺟﺰﺍء ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻣﻲ‪.‬ﺿﻌﻬﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔﺍﻟﺠﺬﺭ‬ ‫‪0625. 125. 25. 5..‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪1.‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‪ ،TOCS.‬ﺩﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﻟﻴﺮﻳﺰﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺰءﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﻱ – ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﺑﺪﺃﺑﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩ ﻣﺮﺓ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫‪…6-2‬‬ ‫‪5-2‬‬ ‫‪4-2‬‬ ‫‪3-2‬‬ ‫‪2-2‬‬ ‫‪1-2.02‬‬ ‫…‬ ‫‪…1/64‬‬ ‫‪1/32 1/16‬‬ ‫‪1/8‬‬ ‫‪1/4‬‬ ‫… ‪1/2. 1‬‬ ‫‪…015625. 03125. 0625. 125. 25.‬‬ ‫… ‪5..1‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‪ ،TOCS.‬ﺩﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﻟﻴﺮﻳﺰﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺰءﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﻱ – ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﺑﺪﺃﺑـ ‪ ،0.5‬ﻭﺍﻃﺮﺡ ﻗﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﺴﺎﺭ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻴﻦ‪.‬ﺃﺩﺧﻞ ‪ 0‬ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﺩ ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﻢﻳﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻜﻦ ﻃﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺃﻭ ‪ 1‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻜﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ‪.‬ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮ ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﺼﺒﺢﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮ ‪0.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ‪.1‬‬ ‫‪0625. 125. 25. 5. 25.‬‬ ‫‪1 0. 25. -‬‬ ‫‪0.‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‪ ،TOCS.‬ﺩﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﻟﻴﺮﻳﺰﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺰءﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﻱ – ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ‪.2‬ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ ‪ ،37.25‬ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﺡ‪.‬‬ ‫‪0625. 125. 25.‬‬ ‫‪5..12‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪8 16 3264‬‬ ‫‪4-2‬‬ ‫‪3-22-2‬‬ ‫‪1-2.02 1‬‬ ‫‪2 22‬‬ ‫‪3242‬‬ ‫‪5262‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1.0‬‬ ‫‪0 1 00‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪25.‬‬ ‫‪37‬‬ ‫‪25. -‬‬ ‫‪32 -‬‬ ‫‪0.‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪4-‬‬ ‫‪2100101.01‬‬ ‫‪=1037.25‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1-‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‪ ،TOCS.‬ﺩﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﻟﻴﺮﻳﺰﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺰءﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﻱ – ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ‪.3‬ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ ‪ ،18.625‬ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﺡ‪.‬‬ ‫‪0625. 125. 25.‬‬ ‫‪5..12 4‬‬ ‫‪8 16 3264‬‬ ‫‪4-2‬‬ ‫‪3-2 2-2‬‬ ‫‪1-2.0212 22‬‬ ‫‪3242‬‬ ‫‪5262‬‬ ‫‪1 0‬‬ ‫‪1. 0 1 0 01‬‬ ‫‪625.‬‬ ‫‪18‬‬ ‫‪5. -‬‬ ‫‪16 -‬‬ ‫‪125.‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪125. -‬‬ ‫‪2-‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪210010.101 =1018.625‬‬ ‫‪11‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‪ ،TOCS.‬ﺩﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﻟﻴﺮﻳﺰﻙ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﺎﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞﺍﻷﺭﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺛﻨﺎﺉﻴﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫‪1060.75‬‬ ‫‪10190.5625‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‪ ،TOCS.‬ﺩﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﻟﻴﺮﻳﺰﻙ‬ ‫ﺇﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫‪2111100.11‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪1060.75‬‬ ‫‪210111110.1001‬‬ ‫‪=10190.5625‬‬ ‫‪13‬‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‪ ،TOCS.‬ﺩﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﻟﻴﺮﻳﺰﻙ‬

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