All Ceramic Restorations PDF

ALL CERAMIC RESTORATIONS Dr. Marwan Aggag BDS, MSc, PhD, FICOI LECTURER of FIXED PROSTHODONTICS Classification of ceramic systems All-ceramic systems  I- Glass-based (Feldspathic) ▪ IV- Zirconia ceramic...

ALL CERAMIC RESTORATIONS Dr. Marwan Aggag BDS, MSc, PhD, FICOI LECTURER of FIXED PROSTHODONTICS Classification of ceramic systems All-ceramic systems  I- Glass-based (Feldspathic) ▪ IV- Zirconia ceramic  II- Reinforced Glass ceramics ▪ V- Resin based ceramics ▪ IPS Empress (ceramic reinforced resins) ▪ IPS e-Max ceramics Vita Enamic ▪ Vita Suprinity. 10% Zirconia Lava Ultimate Visio ligne ▪ Celtra Duo 10% Zirconia CeraSmart  III- Glass infilterated alumina Brilliant ▪ In-ceram Grandio ▪ In-ceram ▪ Spinel Microstructural Classification Category IV (Non Silica Based) Zirconia ceramic Zirconium is a Polycrystalline Ceramic without any glass component. Sintered Zirconium ceramic has a strength of 900-1500 MPa  1- Material science  Zirconium is a crystalline dioxide of zirconium.  Its mechanical properties are very similar to those of metals and so called ‘‘ceramic steel’’ and its color is similar to tooth color Traditionally, zirconia is dull white in color and its opacity can mask the underneath structure. Most dental zirconia systems indicate structural dyeing (coloring) to enhance the esthetic. Most popular zirconia-based restorations have a zirconia infrastructure that is porcelain veneered to adequate anatomic contour and esthetic. There are three main ways of veneering zirconia infrastructures: 1. The traditional layering technique. 2- The hot pressing method. 3- The file-splitting  Vita Rapid Layer technology or Fusion firing (Ivoclar IPS e.max CAD-on technology).  Unfavorable circumstances 1- Chipping (failure within the veneering porcelain) 2- Delamination (failure at porcelain-zirconia interface)  The monolithic restorations combines the strength of zirconia with improved esthetics because of its higher translucency. It is a Polymorph and its crystals can be organized in three different pattern Monoclinic (M), Tetragonal (T) and Cubic (C). Pure Zirconia at room temperature is Monoclinic and stable till 1170°C. Above this temperature it transforms itself into Tetragonal and then further into Cubic phase at 2370°C. During cooling During cooling, a T M transformation takes place at the temperature range of about 100 °C below 1070 °C. The phase transformation, which takes place during cooling, is associated with volume expansion of approximately 3–4%. This could result in the formation of ceramic cracks if no stabilizing oxides were used. Zirconia-based ceramics typically exist as a metastable tetragonal partially stabilized zirconia (PSZ) at room temperature. Propagating crack is sufficient to trigger zirconia grains to transform This physical property is known as transformation toughening. Indication Zirconia material enables the clinician to place a ceramic restoration almost anywhere in the mouth. Single crown Implant abutments, and Full mouth restorations (two pontics). Current zirconia can be classified into three basic groups based on the yttria content. -The first group is strong, 3-4 mole % Y-TZP (mainly tetragonal) (IPS e.max® ZirCad LT and MO, Lava Plus, 3M, BruxZir® and KATANA HT. -The second group is more translucent, 5-6 mole % Y-TZP (IPS e.max ZirCAD MT; and KATANA ST/STML). -The third group is most translucent, 7-8 mole % Y-TZP with reduced mechanical properties ( Lava Esthetic; Cercon® XT, BruxZir Anterior; KATANA UT/UTML;)  Opaque zirconia contained 3 mole % yttria to partially stabilize the tetragonal phase. and 0.25 weight % alumina.  This composition had the flexural strength of 1,200 to 1,500 MPa (Lava, BruxZir, Cercon, and IPS e.max ZirCad).  Next generation monolithic of 4Y-TZPs with reducing the concentration of alumina additive from 0.25% weight to 0.05% weight (Lava Plus and Cercon ht), with slightly more translucency.  More recent versions increased yttria from 3 mole % to 5 to 6 mole %. and 25% to 50% cubic polycrystals The addition of yttria content in zirconia  (BruxZir Anterior, Lava Esthetic, increases the cubic phases and this KATANA HT, and Cercon XT) increases the translucency, however, the strength is reduced due to a few tetragonal phases  Zirconia with approximately 6-7 mole % yttria has a flexural strength of 800 to 900 MPa (STZ),  whereas 7-8 Y-TZP zirconia has a flexural strength of 600 to 700 Mpa (UTZ). Classification of ceramic systems All-ceramic systems  I- Glass-based (Feldspathic) ▪ IV- Zirconia ceramic  II- Reinforced Glass ceramics ▪ V- Resin based ceramics ▪ IPS Empress (ceramic reinforced resins) ▪ IPS e-Max ceramics Vita Enamic ▪ Vita Suprinity. 10% Zirconia Lava Ultimate Visio ligne ▪ Celtra Duo 10% Zirconia CeraSmart  III- Glass infilterated alumina Brilliant ▪ In-ceram Grandio ▪ In-ceram ▪ Spinel Microstructural Classification Category V Resin based ceramics (ceramic reinforced resins) Hybrid Ceramics  Lava Ultimate  Restorative is a Nano ceramic material, called a Resin Nano Ceramic (RNC).  Containing approximately 80 % (by weight) Nano-ceramic particles bound in the resin matrix.  The material is not a resin or composite. It is also not a pure ceramic. The material is a mixture of both.  Like a composite, the material is not brittle.  Like a glass ceramic, the material has excellent esthetics.  VTA ENAMIC  Is a sintered ceramic matrix, with a polymer material filled pores.  The mass percentage of the inorganic ceramic part is 86 wt.%, while the mass percentage of the organic polymer part is 14 wt.%. VITA ENAMIC can be used for definitive single- tooth restorations.  Crowns  Onlays/Inlays  Veneers  Implant-supported crown  The restorations are fabricated using CAD/CAM technology. 150 –160Mpa Contraindication FPD restorations Parafunction (for example bruxism) The indication of the available silicate, press, glass-infiltration and sinter ceramics are according to the exposure to different chewing loads. From premolar up to molars the high-strength zirconia ceramic is indicated. The loading of front teeth is about 25 kg that In the anterior region increases to 35 kg for silicate ceramic with its premolars and to 100 kg opalescent, translucent for molars. aesthetics is indicated. Thank you