Cherishing Your Community PDF 5

| ETT ® a Co || Chapter Five Cherishing your community Introduction In Standard...

| ETT ® a Co || Chapter Five Cherishing your community Introduction In Standard Four, you learnt how to cherish your community by caring for oneself and others. You also identified acts of child abuse and protected children from such acts. In this chapter, you will learn more about cherishing your community by evaluating how the environment is being degraded where you live so that you can educate your community on the effects of environmental degradation. Preserving the environment & The word ‘environment’ refers to the place we live and everything & surrounding us. It includes natural features like mountains, forests, rivers, lakes, oceans, and valleys as well as man-made features like buildings, roads, railways, airfields and farms. Study the following pictures and answer the questions that follow. | | CIVIC & MORAL STD 5FINAL.indd 66 @ 2021/08/04 v6 | |  Figure 1: Well-preserved environments 1. What do you see in picture 1 and 2? 2. Differentiate the origin of the things you see in the two pictures? 3. Have you ever seen such things in your environment? 4. What is the relevance of the things you see in picture 1 to our life? rAXer ti ava Discuss with your fellow pupils how you will make your school environment clean and attractive. Write it in your exercise book and submit it to your subject teacher. Activities leading to environmental degradation and their effects Human activities are the major cause of environmental degradation. Natural factors contribute very little to environmental degradation. Some human activities that lead to environmental degradation are farming, livestock keeping, mining and industrial production. Natural events that can cause environment degradation include floods, volcanic eruptions, and strong winds. | | CIVIC & MORAL STD 5FINAL.indd 67 @ 2021/08/04 v5 | | | TT ® oe | Read the following story and answer the questions that follow. Honda Ward, which is in Zunga District, was leading in activities that degrade the environment. Its residents were engaging in cutting trees and burning forest. Most of them prepared farms by burning forest. This caused a lot of smoke which increased carbon dioxide and polluted air. They used charcoal and firewood at their homes as a source of energy. Their behaviour was against the regulations to protect natural resources and build better houses or residents. Also, the residents of Honda polluted water sources by conducting illegal activities at the source of water. These include bathing, farming close to the river, taking their livestock to the river, and emptying their bowels in the water. Some residents kept many livestock without considering the available land for pasture. In addition, they threw waste products into the river. Some residents engaged in excavating building materials such as sand and gravel. In Honda ward, there were also industries for processing cotton and refining oil. The industries contributed to environmental pollution. Other residents engaged in small scale mining. The mining activities turned the land useless for farming activities because of the big holes created by the extraction activities. What is more, the river was polluted by poisonous substances such as mercury, which is used to purify minerals. Due to water pollution, the residents around the river suffered from skin diseases. In addition, livestock and other water dependent creatures died. Other effects of environmental degradation include drought and soil erosion. This led to the shortage of food due to insufficient harvest, shortage of water due to the destruction of water sources, desertification and increase of other natural hazards such as floods and seasonal droughts. | | CIVIC & MORAL STD 5 FINAL.indd 68 @ 2021/08/04 15:44 | | || ® (Bet ). 1. | Which activities mentioned in the story contribute to environmental degradation? 2. What problems did the residents of Honda face from using fire to prepare their farms? How do industries contribute to environmental pollution? 4. How do mining activities affect the environment? List the consequences of directing mining and industrial wastes into the water source. 6. After reading the story, what recommendations can you make to improve the environment in the Honda ward? 7. What are the effects of overstocking on the environment? 8. Which diseases can be caused by environmental pollution? XN S Ka Activity 2 Study the area you live. Identify any human activities that contribute to environmental degradation. List the activities in your exercise book and submit it to your subject teacher. Activities which conserve the environment The community must control activities that degrade the environment in order to protect and sustain life. The more we destroy our environment, the more we risk our own lives. At national level, the responsibility for environmental conservation falls under the Vice President’s office. A ministry has been established specifically for that purpose. It is known as the Ministry of State, Union affairs and Environment-Vice President Office Division of Environment (VPO-DoE). Under this ministry, there is a council for the management and conservation of the environment. Its purpose is to supervise the implementation of laws for protecting the environment. Anybody who contravenes the environmental laws Is liable for prosecution according to the law. There is also a ministry which is Known as the Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism. This ministry has special units all over | | CIVIC & MORAL STD 5FINAL.indd 69 @ 2021/08/04 15:44 | | || TTT ® oe || the country that deal with environmental conservation including preparing tree seeds, conducting research, and controlling illegal harvesting of forest products. At local government level, there is an officer who is in charge of advocacy and environmental conservation. The officer is assisted by another officer who is in charge of natural resources. In addition, there are non-governmental organisations which deal with the advocacy of the environment. In a similar manner, there are women and youth groups that are concerned with the environment by preparing nurseries that protect the environment. Such nurseries contain various types of trees. 1. | Suggest ways to avoid or reduce environmental degradation. 2. Mention the activities done around your area to ensure @ environmental conservation. QMO Activity 3 Discuss with your fellow pupils how you will conserve water sources in your village or mtaa. List the activities in your exercise book and submit it to your subject teacher. Environmental education for the community In order to protect our environment, we need to work together and educate ourselves on the benefits of environmental conservation. Therefore, everyone is obliged to take part in the campaign against environmental destruction. Education on the effects of environmental degradation should be given out to the community, and actions which conserve the environment should be done. | | CIVIC & MORAL STD 5 FINAL.indd 70 @ 2021/08/04 v6 | | | | CIVIC & MORAL STD 5FINAL.indd 71 @ 2021/08/04 v5 | |  Which activities control environmental degradation inj 1 and 2? How would you participate in improving the environment at your school or home? GIR Activity 4 Discuss with your fellow pupils how to conduct environmental conservation activities at your school. Write your discussion in your exercise book and submit it to your subject teacher. Read the following story and answer the questions that follow. Dotto is a Standard Five pupil at Jitegemee Primary School. He lives in Mkuyuni Village, particularly in the Kilacha ward. When he learnt about environmental conservation, he remembered his father. His father used to cut down trees in his farm without replacing them. When strong wind blew, the fertile top soil was eroded leaving behind the infertile part. Crop production decreased year after year. Also, the home compound was covered with litter of garbage, pieces of paper, and plastic materials. Some of the rubbish was generated from the farm and homes, while other pieces of rubbish like paper and plastic bags were brought by wind. As a result, the compound looked messy. Dotto decided to apply the knowledge he acquired from environmental education by explaining to his parents and family the importance of conserving their home environment. He talked to his father about the importance of planting trees around the farm. This would protect the fertile soil from being blown away by strong winds. He also told his father about the importance of having a rubbish pit and to keep the home surroundings clean. The family members were very happy with Dotto’s lessons. The whole family agreed to prepare a rubbish pit, to adopt better farming methods, and to set aside a garden for growing vegetables and flowers around the house. Within a short time, Dotto’s home surroundings became very attractive. Their neighbours were astonished. They went to Dotto’s family to learn how to conserve their environment. | | CIVIC & MORAL STD 5FINAL.indd 72 @ 2021/08/04 15:44 | | | TT ® ‘Gap. What was the problem with Dotto’s home environment? Which activities contributed to the environmental degradation? WN What did Dotto do to conserve his environment? Apart from his family, who else benefited from Dotto’s knowledge? Oak List the activities that you use to conserve your environment. List the activities that you will do in order to educate the community about environmental conservation. KM S QNE.O Activity 5 Discuss with your fellow pupils how you will improve your school environment. Write a summary in the exercise book and submit it to your subject teacher. Community development activities Development activities are those lead to prosperity of the community. Examples of development activities are construction of school buildings, dispensaries, roads, canals, and water pipes. Development activities are done by all members of the community. As part of the community, we must participate fully in such activities. We can take part in community development activities in different ways. The first way is direct participation. For example, we cooperate with others to conserve and improve the environment by planting trees and flowers and by cleaning the surroundings. In addition, we establish garbage pits, clean the sewerage system, and cut grass around our homes to destroy mosquito breeding sites. The second type is indirect participation. This includes forming groups or associations for protecting the environment and engaging in entrepreneurship activities. Within such groups, you can participate as a member or as a leader. We can also participate in community activities by supporting people with special needs to obtain their basic necessities and become active members of the community. | | CIVIC & MORAL STD 5FINAL.indd 73 @ 2021/08/04 15:44 | | || TTT ® oe || Look at the following pictures and answer the questions that follow. oO Figure 3: Participating in community activities | | CIVIC & MORAL STD 5 FINAL.indd 74 @ 2021/08/04 v6 | |  What activities do you see in the two pictures? What have you learnt from the pictures? WN In which activities can you participate? When you participate in community development activities, - which behaviour do you develop? am Discuss with your fellow pupils the environmental challenges that require intervention for your community development. How are you going to address those challenges? Write and submit your work to the subject teacher. Ep. Part A Write True for a true sentence and False for a false one. 1. Throwing litter and cutting down trees contribute to environmental degradation. 2. Burning forests is one way of conserving the environment. 3. — Filling up large pits after mining activities protects the environment. 4. Burning garbage close to the forest keeps the environment. 5. Construction of schools, hospitals, roads and water ways are development activities. | | CIVIC & MORAL STD 5 FINAL.indd 75 @ 2021/08/04 v5 | | | TT ® Part B Choose the correct answer from the three alternatives given and write the letter of the correct answer in your exercise book. 6. When participating in community development activities you bring about (a) solidarity and patriotism. (b) problems to the citizens. Oo OU (c) network of beggars Human activities that pollute water sources include (a) washing clothes and planting trees around the water source. (b) cultivating and washing clothes near the river. (c) protecting the natural environment and taking livestock to drink. The organization that is responsible for the management and conservation of the environment is called (a) The Tanzania Revenue Authority. (b) The Ministry of Health. (c ) National Environmental Management Council (NEMC). O) It is necessary to improve methods of mining so as (a) to sustain mining activities and improve efficiency. (b) to get less income. (c ) to improve farming. O}OU 10. Cutting trees and bushfire are the cause of (a) bad weather and famine. (b) much rain and more farming land. (c ) good harvest. | | CIVIC & MORAL STD 5FINAL.indd 76 @ 2021/08/04 15:44 | | | TT ® 11. Community Development activities include (a) stealing and telling lies. (b) destroying the environment. (_) (c ) cleaning the environment, roads, and water ways. Vocabulary | | CIVIC & MORAL STD 5FINAL.indd 77 @ 2021/08/04 v5 | |