Birth Injuries PDF
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Uploaded by GlamorousSaturn
Faculty of Physical Therapy - Badr University
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Summary
This document provides an overview of birth injuries, covering definitions, predisposing risk factors, classification of injuries, and treatment options. It also includes a quiz section.
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BIRTH INJURIES ILOS Definition Predisposing factors Classification Skull injuries Nerve injuries Muscle injuries DEFINITION: Injury of the newborn that occurs due to physical pressure during the birth process, usually during transit through the birth canal. PREDISPOSING FACTOR...
BIRTH INJURIES ILOS Definition Predisposing factors Classification Skull injuries Nerve injuries Muscle injuries DEFINITION: Injury of the newborn that occurs due to physical pressure during the birth process, usually during transit through the birth canal. PREDISPOSING FACTORS: 1. Size: The baby is large (macrosomia). 2. Cephalopelvic disproportion. 3. Position: The baby is not head-first in the birth canal. 4. Timing: The baby is born prematurely. 5. Obstructed labor. 6. Instrumental delivery (forceps, ventouse). CLASSIFICATION: 1. Skull injuries 2. Nerve injuries 3. Bone/Muscle injuries SKULL INJURIES: Cephalohematoma: Definition: traumatic subperiosteal hematomas of the skull that are usually caused by birth injury. They are bound between the periosteum and cranium, and therefore cannot cross sutures. Investigation: X ray Tt: reassurance Caput succedaneum Definition: swelling of the scalp in a newborn. It is most often brought on by pressure from the uterus or vaginal wall during a head-first (vertex) delivery Inv: X ray Tt: reassurance NERVE INJURIES Erbs palsy: caused by injury to the brachial plexus, which is formed from the ventral rami of cervical nerves 5-8 and thoracic nerve 1 Waiter tip position Klumpke's paralysis a form of paralysis involving the muscles of the forearm and hand, resulting from a brachial plexus injury in which the eighth cervical (C8) and first thoracic (T1) Claw hand BONE/ MS INJURY Most of the fractures resulting from birth trauma are associated with difficult extractions or abnormal presentations. Clavicular fractures are the most common bone fracture during delivery MANAGEMENT Most of them is reassurance Consult neurologist Consult physiotherapist Tendon transfer if needed QUIZ Which cause each of
