401 Introduction to the Relational Model PDF

401 Introduction to the Relational Model The Relational Model is a foundational framework for organizing data in a database, ** ** *...

401 Introduction to the Relational Model The Relational Model is a foundational framework for organizing data in a database, ** ** * * introduced by Edgar F. Codd in 1970. * This model organizes data into structured tables, called relations , making it one of the most ** == == ** widely used models for database management systems. * * == Each table represents a specific entity , and the relational model allows for efficient == ** ** querying and data manipulation using a standardized language, SQL (Structured Query ** Language). ** * * Key Features of the Relational Model * ** Data Organization in Tables: ** Data is stored in tables, where each table corresponds to a specific type of entity (e.g., * ** ** ** *** students, courses). ** Clear Structure: ** * == Tables are composed of rows and columns , making data easy to understand and ** ** ** **== * query. ** Data Independence: ** * The relational model provides Logical Data Independence , meaning changes in data ** ** ** == == ** structure do not affect the applications that access the data. * ** Mathematical Foundation: ** The relational model is based on Set Theory and Relational Algebra , ensuring a ** ** *** == == *** *** == == *** robust structure for data manipulation. * Advantages of the Relational Model * ** Ease of Use: ** Tables are intuitive, making it easy for users to interact with the data. ** Data Integrity: ** Built-in integrity constraints maintain accuracy and consistency in the data. *** == == *** ** Flexibility in Queries: ** The use of SQL allows for complex queries and data manipulation. *** *** ** Scalability: ** Relational databases are designed to * handle large datasets and ** ** * * support concurrent access.** ** * In the next lesson, we will learn about relations between tables, tuples, attributes, etc.