3rd Qtr ICT Reviewer PDF

REVIEWER ICT (3RD QTR.) POSITIVE SPACE - space occupied by an object CONCEPT AND TECHNICAL DRAWING NEGATIVE SPACE- empty space RELATIONSHIP(CTDR) 5. VALUE TECHNICAL DRAWING...

REVIEWER ICT (3RD QTR.) POSITIVE SPACE - space occupied by an object CONCEPT AND TECHNICAL DRAWING NEGATIVE SPACE- empty space RELATIONSHIP(CTDR) 5. VALUE TECHNICAL DRAWING - lightness or darkness of an object or - detailed, precise DIAGRAM or PLAN color that conveys information about how an - dependent upon the effects of lighting object functions or is constructed. - SHADING is a type of Value IMPORTANCE 5 TONAL VALUES(3 light, 2 shadow) : - designed as a universal language to be 1. Highlight understood by engineers, contractors and 2. Midtone 1 architects. 3. Midtone 2 4.Shadow dark 1 ELEMENTS OF CTDR: 5. Shadow dark 2 1. LINE 2. SHAPE 6. COLOR 3. FORM - visible spectrum of radiation reflected 4. SPACE from an object 5. VALUE HUE- the color, name of the color 6. COLOR INTENSITY- the purity of the color 7. TEXTURE VALUE- the lightness or darkness of a color 1. LINE - a mark made to describe something 7. TEXTURE - define the edges, details, textures - tactile sensation or how something - can be used as a tool to lead a viewer's appears to feel. eyes SIMULATED TEXTURE- illusion of texture ACTUAL TEXTURE- real texture that can 2 SHAPE be seen or touched. - enclosed space defined by a line - 2D - geometric or organic PRINCIPLES OF CTDR 1. BALANCE 3. FORM 2. PROPORTION - volume of space 3. EMPHASIS - 3D 4. HARMONY - geometric or organic 5. VARIETY 6. RHYTHM 4. SPACE - distance or area around or between 1. BALANCE elements of an artwork. - equalizing visual forces (FORMAL BALANCE- symmetrical) - a technique used in art and design to INFORMAL BALANCE-- asymmetrical represent 3D images on a 2D picture plane. 2. PROPORTION - size relationship IMPORTANT ART TERMS - one object or another or size of a whole 1. HORIZON LINE SCALE - is the size of something 2. VANISHING POINT compared to the world. 3. ORTHOGONAL LINES GOOD PROPORTION 4. TRANSVERSAL LINES BAD PROPORTION - equal division creates monotony 1. HORIZON LINE - division too unequal creates a lack of - line that separates sky from land or from harmony water - eye level of the viewer. 3. EMPHASIS ONE POINT PERSPECTIVE - making one thing more important than all TWO POINT PERSPECTIVE the others THREE POINT PERSPECTIVE - special attention/ importance - contrasting colors, contrasting values, 2. VANISHING POINT scale, etc - placed somewhere on the horizon line - farthest point in your picture 4. HARMONY - making everything match 3. ORTHOGONAL LINES - logical relationship or progression - imaginary diagonal lines parallel to the - related or similar or repeated elements ground planes within an artwork - guidelines to help you maintain perspective. 5. VARIETY - using lots of different elements 4. TRANSVERSAL LINES - can add intwerests - parallel to the picture plane - break the monotony of simple repetitions - connect orthogonal lines at right angles 6. RHYTHM SKETCHING - repetition of elements or objects - quick way of graphically demonstrating - random, regular, alternating, flowing, and an idea. progressive. - quick way to record images & - may make a pattern & can also imply communicate ideas. movement. SKETCHING APPROACHES 1. HATCHING PERSPECTIVE OF CTDR 2. CROSS HATCHING 3. STIPPLING PERSPECTIVE DRAWING 4. TONAL SKETCHING 5. BLENDING Cartesian Plane 1. HATCHING - most basic drawingtechniques Definition - draw lines that follow the curve of a line Cartesian Plane: A two-dimensional plane -these lines do not touch defined by two perpendicular number lines. 2. CROSS HATCHING X-axis: Horizontal line, the axis of the - layered hatching ORDINATES - lines intersect Y-axis: Vertical line, the axis of the - distance between the lines and ABSCISSA intersections will determine how dark an area is. Origin Central Point: The intersection of the 3. STIPPLING x-axis and y-axis is known as the origin. - several small circles or dots - create a composition Coordinates - can be drawn, painted, or etched onto a The position of any point on the Cartesian surface using a variety of mediums. plane is represented by coordinates in the form. 4. TONAL SKETCHING Example: The point means 3 units along - no visible lines the x-axis and 2 units along the y-axis. - pressure & graphite scale is important - the harder you press, the darker the tone Quadrants will appear. The Cartesian plane is divided into four quadrants: 5. BLENDING Quadrant I: where both x and y values are - smooth even surface positive. - simply use your finger or blending stick. Quadrant II: where x is negative and y is positive. 6 SHADING TECHNIQUES Quadrant III: where both x and y values 1.TONAL - curve shape, rely on layering are negative. of diff types of pencils for diff types of Quadrant IV: where x is positive and y is values negative. 2. SMUDGING- use paper towel, or finger 3. STIPPLING- do a lot of dots NOTE: Rene Descartes - Founder of the 4. HATCHING- series of lines Cartesian Plane 5. CROSS- HATCHING- series of lines and crosses it MULTIPLE PART ASSEMBLY DRAWING 6. SCUMBLING/CIRCULISM- series of swirls and scribbles JOINTS JOINERY - two or more pieces of wood are 3. BALL & SOCKET connected useful for objects that need to flex and - can involve simple gluing, nailing, or rotate freedom of rotation in multiple screwing of the two pieces of wood but it directions. can be as complicated as using very 4. HINGES SNAP FIT intricate joints. uses a protruding annular ball joint -the protrusion is split in half JOINT - any structure that joins two pieces MULTIPLE PART ASSEMBLY DRAWING together - connect parts and allow movement. JOINTS TYPES OF JOINT JOINERY 1. INTERLOCKING JOINT - two or more pieces of wood are simplest, relying on friction between parts connected to stay together - can involve simple gluing, nailing, or don’t usually allow movement, except screwing of the two pieces of wood but it maybe in one direction can be as complicated as using very intricate joints. 2. SNAP- FIT JOINT JOINT require the part to bend and “snap” into - any structure that joins two pieces place together - connect parts and allow movement. BASIC SNAP- fit Designs Straight beam TYPES OF JOINT Tapered Beam 1. INTERLOCKING JOINT Full perimeter snap in simplest, relying on friction between parts Snap- on fit to stay together Prolonged Snap in don’t usually allow movement, except Ball or Cylinder snap- in maybe in one direction Common Snap- fit joints 1. CANTILEVER 2. SNAP- FIT JOINT most popular joint types for 3D printing require the part to bend and “snap” into -deflect and then snap place 2. ANNULAR similar to a cantilever but shaped into a ring, allowing the joint to rotate in one direction. example: pen, ball & socket joint, bottle cap