3rd Monthly Assessment PDF

3rd Monthly Assessment date deviation table. Failure to do so can result in fines or even port closures. NAV Frequency of updates: The frequency of 1. Updating the deviation...

3rd Monthly Assessment date deviation table. Failure to do so can result in fines or even port closures. NAV Frequency of updates: The frequency of 1. Updating the deviation table onboard a updating the deviation table depends on ship is crucial for accurate navigation and several factors, including the type of ship, the safe passage. Here are the key reasons why: voyage duration, and the expected changes in 1. Deviation is specific to the ship: Unlike the magnetic environment. Generally, it's variation, which is the difference between recommended to update the table before long true north and magnetic north for a specific voyages, after major changes in cargo or location on Earth, deviation is caused by the equipment, and whenever any factor might ship's own magnetic field. This field is have affected the ship's magnetic field. influenced by various factors like the ship's Remember, an accurate and updated structure, electrical equipment, and cargo. deviation table is essential for safe and Therefore, the deviation table needs to be efficient navigation. It helps ensure the ship specific to each individual ship. stays on its intended course and avoids 2. Deviation changes over time: Even for a potential hazards. single ship, the deviation table can change over time. This can happen due to: 2. errors of gyro compass:  Shifting cargo: As cargo is loaded and unloaded, the distribution of metal Gyrocompasses, while highly accurate, are objects on the ship changes, affecting not immune to errors. These errors can arise the magnetic field. from various factors and affect the compass's ability to provide true north readings. Here's  Maintenance and a breakdown of the major gyrocompass repairs: Welding, electrical work, or errors: replacing equipment can alter the magnetic environment on the ship. 1. Dynamic Errors:  Environmental factors: Changes in  Speed Error: Caused by the Coriolis temperature, humidity, or even effect, which deflects the gyroscope nearby storms can temporarily affect rotor due to the Earth's rotation and the compass and require adjustments. the ship's speed. The error is proportional to the ship's speed and 3. Accurate course correction: Without an direction and increases with latitude. updated deviation table, the compass readings will be inaccurate. This can lead to significant navigation errors, potentially putting the ship off course and increasing the risk of accidents. 4. Safety regulations: Most maritime authorities require ships to maintain an up-to-  2. Instrumental Errors:  Gimbal Error: Caused by imperfections in the gyroscope's gimbal system, which allows the gyroscope to tilt slightly even when the platform is level.  Misalignment Error: Occurs if the gyrocompass is not properly aligned with the ship's centerline.  Bearing Friction Error: Caused by Opens in a new window support.sbg- friction in the compass systems.com bearings, which can impede the Coriolis effect on a gyrocompass gyroscope's movement.  Latitude Error: Occurs because the 3. Environmental Errors: Earth is not a perfect sphere, and the  Temperature Error: Changes in gyroscope's vertical axis is not temperature can affect the perfectly aligned with the Earth's gyroscope's rotor and its supporting axis. The error is proportional to the system, leading to errors. sine of the latitude and can be significant at high latitudes.  Magnetic Interference: Strong magnetic fields near the gyrocompass can deflect the gyroscope rotor and cause errors. 4. Other Errors:  Power Supply Errors: Fluctuations in the power supply can affect the gyrocompass's electronics and lead to errors.  Ageing and Wear: Over time, the gyroscope's components can wear Opens in a new window and degrade, leading to increased www.slideshare.net errors. Latitude error on a gyrocompass Minimizing Errors:  Tilting Error: Occurs when the Several methods can be used to minimize gyrocompass platform tilts away gyrocompass errors: from the horizontal, causing the  Regular calibration: Regularly gyroscope rotor to tilt as well. The checking and adjusting the error increases with the angle of tilt. gyrocompass against a known  reference can significantly reduce errors.  Averaging: Taking the average of multiple readings from the gyrocompass can help to filter out random errors.  Use of other navigation aids: Relying on other navigation aids, such as GPS or celestial navigation, can help to confirm the accuracy of the gyrocompass readings. Opens in a new window en.wikipedia.org By understanding the different types of gyrocompass errors and taking steps to Bowline knot minimize them, navigators can ensure the accuracy of their readings and maintain safe 2. Sheet Bend: This knot is used to join two passage. lines of different thicknesses together securely. It's commonly used for attaching sails to spars, fenders to the hull, and mooring lines to bitts. SEAM 1. Different knots and uses Ahoy, matey! Knots are a sailor's best friend, and onboard a vessel, they serve a multitude of purposes. Here are some of the most common knots you'll find, along with their uses: 1. Bowline: This is arguably the most important knot at sea. It's strong, secure, and easy to untie even under tension. It's used for Opens in a new window everything from securing lines to docks and www.netknots.com anchors to creating loops for hoisting and Sheet Bend knot lowering objects. 3. Cleat Hitch: This simple but effective knot is used to secure a line to a cleat, a horned fitting used for mooring and other purposes. It's quick to tie and release, making it ideal for situations where lines need to be adjusted frequently. Opens in a new window Opens in a new window vt.audubon.org www.netknots.com Clove Hitch knot Cleat Hitch knot 6. Half Hitch: This simple knot is often used 4. Figure-Eight Knot: This versatile knot has in conjunction with other knots to add two main uses. The first is as a stopper knot security. It's not as strong as a full hitch, but at the end of a line to prevent it from slipping it's easier to tie and untie. through a hole or block. The second is as a loop knot for creating temporary handholds, securing fenders, or attaching lines to lifelines. Opens in a new window howdidyoumakethis.com Half Hitch knot Opens in a new window netknots.com 7. Timber Hitch: This knot is used for FigureEight knot securing lines to logs or other large objects. It's strong and secure, making it ideal for 5. Clove Hitch: This knot is used for securing heavy-duty tasks. lines to poles, pipes, or other round objects. It's quick and easy to tie, but it's not as strong as some other knots, so it's best used for light loads or temporary situations.  Opens in a new window Opens in a new window www.theknotsmanual.com www.troop12cumberlandri.org Rolling Hitch knot Timber Hitch knot 10. Anchor Hitch: This knot is used for 8. Reef Knot: This knot is also known as the securing an anchor line to a ring or bitt. It's square knot and is commonly used for tying strong and secure, making it ideal for holding shoelaces. However, it's not recommended the anchor in place. for use on boats as it can come undone under pressure. Opens in a new window www.netknots.com Anchor Hitch knot Opens in a new window Remember, using the right knot for the job is www.pinterest.com essential for safety and efficiency onboard. Always choose a knot that is strong enough Reef Knot knot for the task at hand and practice tying it 9. Rolling Hitch: This knot is used for correctly before heading out to sea. Fair securing lines to a rod or bar. It's adjustable winds and following seas! and can be easily tightened or loosened as needed. ICT 1. Different types of network - There are many different types of networks, geographical area, such as a country each with its own purpose and range. Here or even the entire world. WANs are are some of the most common: typically used by businesses and organizations that need to connect  Personal Area Network (PAN): A their offices or facilities in different PAN is a small network that connects locations. devices over a short distance, typically within a few meters.  Virtual Private Network (VPN): A Examples of PANs include Bluetooth VPN is a network that creates a secure headsets and wireless keyboards. tunnel over the internet. VPNs are often used by businesses and  Local Area Network (LAN): A LAN individuals to protect their data from is a network that connects devices in being intercepted when they are using a limited area, such as a home, office, a public Wi-Fi network. or school. LANs typically use wired connections, such as Ethernet cables, In addition to these common types of but can also be wireless. networks, there are also many other specialized networks, such as:  Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN): A WLAN is a type of LAN  Storage Area Networks (SANs): Used that uses wireless connections, such to connect storage devices to servers. as Wi-Fi, to connect devices. WLANs  Sensor Networks: Used to collect data are becoming increasingly popular from sensors in the real world. because they offer more flexibility than wired LANs.  Mesh Networks: Used to create a network without the need for a central  Campus Area Network (CAN): A hub. CAN is a network that connects multiple LANs within a limited The type of network you choose will depend geographical area, such as a on your specific needs and requirements. university campus or corporate office park. CANs are typically larger than LANs, but smaller than metropolitan area networks (MANs).  Metropolitan Area Network (MAN): A MAN is a network that spans a metropolitan area, such as a city or town. MANs are typically used by businesses and organizations that need to connect their offices or facilities within a limited geographical area.  Wide Area Network (WAN): A WAN is a network that spans a large