Understanding Self - Personality and Body Image - PDF

Understanding Self PREPARED BY: ANGELO DAVID A. CORALES Asst. Instructor, SASE Department  LESSON 1 oFUNDAMENTALS OF UNDERSTANDING THE SELF An overview of Self/Physical Identity  Kapag bagsak ba ako sa Understanding the Self ibig sabihin hindi ako naintindihan sar...

Understanding Self PREPARED BY: ANGELO DAVID A. CORALES Asst. Instructor, SASE Department  LESSON 1 oFUNDAMENTALS OF UNDERSTANDING THE SELF An overview of Self/Physical Identity  Kapag bagsak ba ako sa Understanding the Self ibig sabihin hindi ako naintindihan sarili ko? FUNDAMENTALS OF UNDERSTANDING THE SELF  01 Introduction An overview of Self/Identity What is Personality? S E L F  PERSONA Ø From the Latin word “Persona” which was associated with Greek theater in Ancient times. Ø The Greek actors commonly used to wear mask on their faces during performances on the stage.  WHAT IS PERSONALITY? Ø inner psychological characteristics Ø determine and reflect how a person responds to his or her environment Ø sum total of hereditary characteristics and childhood experiences Ø result of the social and environment influences on the person cocnerned  THREE DISTINCT PROPERTIES OF PERSONALITY (Mohuiddin, 2015) PERSONALITY REFLECTS PERSONALITY IS CONSISTENT PERSONALITY CAN CHANGE INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCE AND ENDURING  Nature of Pesonality (Rathod,2013) Personality Implies an Personality is composed of Personality is the Result of both Integration of Various traits traits, which learn or acquired Heredity and Environtment Personality is a Dynamic Process 1. Personality is the Results of Both Heredity and Environment oHeredity involves all those physiological and psychological perculiarities which a person inherits from parents These perculiarities are tansmitted to us through genes. 1. Personality is the Results of Both Heredity and Environment oEnvironment affects us from birth to death Different statis in the society that leads to : Ø different roles Ø tempare Ø ways of thinking Ø characters 2.Personality Implies an Integraton of Various Traits All the elements identifies as parts of personality structure is integrated rather than assembled together. Thus, the integration of various traits results into a distinct whole which is known as personality of an individual. The unique way in which we laugh or smile, weep, or cry, talk or lecture, greet or salute becomes the watermark of our personality.  3.Personality is Composed of traits, which are Learned or acquired Learning plays a very important role in the making of one’s personality. LEARNED TRAITS- called learned behavior, are those traites that are acquired through experience. Ex. Cheetahs we know hunt, kill and it other animals. Ex. In human we learned how to walk, bathe, and how to brush our teeth.  3.Personality is Composed of traits, which are Learned or acquired Learning plays a very important role in the making of one’s personality. LEARNED TRAITS- called learned behavior, are those traites that are acquired through experience. Ex. Cheetahs we know hunt, kill and it other animals. Ex. In human we learned how to walk, bathe, and how to brush our teeth. 3.Personality is Composed of traits, which are Learned or acquired contribution of learning is so prominent that we often misinterpret personality as the equavalent of learning. 4. Personality is a Dynamic Process dynamic means that personality is undergoing a constant change but is still organized.  DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF LAOAG School of Arts, Sciences, and Education UNDERSTANDING THE SELF Psychological Construction of the Self Prepared by : ANGELO DAVID A. CORALES Assistant Instructor School of Arts, Sciences, and Education Freud’s Psycho-sexual Theory -Sigmund Freud is one of the most prominent psychologist, had a enormous impact on the study of self-concept through the field of psychoanalysis is the study of human psychology that emphasize the complex reasoning process of human mind (unconscious mind). He proposed many theories that talk about one’s mental process. His Psychoanalysis has three subsystems: ID (pleasure oriented) -is the seat of basic biological drives and needs which Freud believed to be primarily bound up with sexual energy. The ID lacks the real perception of reality. It operates on the pleasure principle, with the objective seeking pleasure and doing what one wants to do. The processes that come into play are primary like hunger, thirst. Etc. EGO- The ego is aware of reality and operates via reality principles ,where it recognizes what is real and understands that behavior has consequences. It also includes the impact that socialization has to play in the life of an individual; it recognizes the existence of social rules that are necessary in order to love and socialize with other people. SUPER EGO (conscience-driven) - consist of values and norms of the society. Super Ego prevents a person from doing morally bad things and inspire a person to do morally proper. The super ego pushes the person towards better virtues.  DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF LAOAG School of Arts, Sciences, and Education 5 Psychosexual Stage (freud) William James -William James focuses on the NATURE OF SELF which things become part of the “ME” through “emotional identification” refers to our ability to recognize the feelings we experience during various interaction, the parents, siblings, friend and even lovers. Carl Rogers - Carl Rogers was a humanistic psychologist who agreed with Abraham Maslow’s SELF ACTUALIZATION but wet further with the assumption that for a person to “grow” he must need an “Environment” that can provide with genuineness. -He believes that a person has one basic motive, the desire of self actualize , to reach the highest potential and achieve his level of humanness. Rogers believes that a person must be in state of congruence (actual experience). Addition for Lesson 2 What is Real and Ideal Self? To Sum Up:  Real Self is what a person is form or the original self while Ideal Self is what a person wants to become. It consist of the goals and ambitions in life that is dynamic and forever changing.  The real is something permanent and the term ideal pertains to something that is suited for a purpose.  DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF LAOAG School of Arts, Sciences, and Education ADDITION FOR LESSON 3 How many chromosomes do people have?  In humans, each cell normally contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46. Twenty-two of these pairs, called autosomes, look the same in both males and females. The 23rd pair, the sex chromosomes, differ between males and females. Females have two copies of the X chromosome, while males have one X and one Y chromosome. Source: How many chromosomes do people have?: MedlinePlus Genetics  Understanding Self PREPARED BY: ANGELO DAVID A. CORALES Asst. Instructor, SASE Department Unpacking The Self “Physical Self” Learning Outcome o Understand the stages of life and explain the phsycial changes that occur during each stage. o Identify the contributions of genetic and environmental factors on physica development of the self. o Describe the factors that affect body image. o Examine the impact of the Culture on the body image and self. o Develop a positive body image PHYSICAL SELF Ø refers to the body that includes basic parts such as head, neck, arms and legs Ø made up of other organs such as the brain, heart, lungs , stomach, intestines, and muscles. PHYSICAL SELF ØIn general, the body performs its functions least well during (1) infacy and (2) old age. ØPhysical effieniency generally peaks in early adulthood and declines into the middle age. PHYSICAL SELF ØPhysical development and growth during childhood continues at slow rate compared with rapid rate of growth in babyhood. ADOLESCENCE Ø begins with the onset of puberty. Ø this stage is characterized by rapidly physical changes that includes the maturation of the reproductive system. Life Span Ø development from conception to death Elizabeth B. Hurlock Ø Outlined the stage in the life span Ø Divided the Stages into 10 parts  STAGES OF LIFE SPAN PRENATAL FERTILIZATION TO THE BIRTH INFANCY BIRTH TO 2 WEEKS OF LIFE BABYHOOD 2 WEEKS OF LIFE TO 2ND YEAR EARLY CHILHOOD 2 TO 6 YEARS OLD LATE CHILDHOOD 6 TO 10 OR 12 YEARS OLD  STAGES OF LIFE SPAN PUBERTY 10 OR 12 TO 14 YEARS OLD ADOLESCENCE 14 TO 18 YEARS OLD EARLY ADULTHOOD 18 TO 40 YEARS OLD MIDDLE ADULTHOOD 40 T0 60 YEARS OLD LATE ADULTHOOD 60 YEARS OLD TO DEATH HUMAN NATURE: NATURE VS. NURTURE? Socio-biologist, Socio-biologist, psychologist and anthropologists and others in the natural others in the social sciences argue that sciences argue that behavior traites can human behavior is be explained by learned and shaped genetics. through interaction.  FACTORS AFFECTING PHYSICAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT 1. HEREDITY obiological process of transmission of traits from parents othe sex and other physical traits are determined by the combination of chromosome and genes during fertilization (the union of two cells : egg and sperm) CHROMOSOMES TWO TYPES: 1. Autosomes or traits chromosomes (22Pairs) 2. Gonosome or Sex Chromosomes (the X and Y)  GENES Ø basic carriers of hereditary traits Ø can be classified into: 1. Dominant 2. Recessive  FACTORS AFFECTING PHYSICAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT 1. ENVIRONMENT orefers to the factors to which the individual is exposed after conception to death which includes learning and experience. ofactors such as diet, nutrition and diseases play an important role in physical development. BODY IMAGE Refers to how individuals perceive, think , and feel aboit their body and physical apperance.  APPEARANCE Ø Everything about a person that others can observe such a heigh, weight, skin color, clothes and hairstyle.  SELF ESTEEM Ø A person’s overall evaluation of his or her own worth. EFFECTS OF POOR BODY IMAGE 1. Body Dissatisfaction 2. Depression 3. Low Self esteem 4. Eating disorder 5. Body Modification CONCEPTS OF BEAUTY In Egyptian Arts, beauty is portayed in women with slim, high waist , narrow hips, and long black hair.  During the Renaissance period. Women with full figure and rounded hips were considered beautiful.  Some tribes (Africa) during the medieval age consider chubby, fat are beautiful. Standars of beauty have change over time based on changin cultural values.  4 STANDARDS OF BEAUTY 1. Clean and Umblemished skin 2. Thick shinny hair 3. Well-proportion body 4. Symmetrical faces