NFPA 1710 Standard for Fire Suppression Operations PDF

Copyright 2020 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA®). Licensed by agreement to Ray Perez FOR INDIVIDUAL USE ONLY and downloaded on 03/12/2020. No reproduction or transmission in any form permitted without written permission of NFPA®. For inquiries or access for multiple users, or to report unauthorized use, contact [email protected]. NFPA ® 1710 Standard for the Organization and Deployment U S E O N L Y of Fire Suppression Operations, A L Emergency Medical Operations, 1746929F-90FE-47B5-B42B-FC6B6246B6B0 D U V I and Special Operations to the D I IN Public by Career Fire Departments R 2020 O F Customer ID 291125 Copyright 2020 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA®). Licensed by agreement to Ray Perez FOR INDIVIDUAL USE ONLY and downloaded on 03/12/2020. No reproduction or transmission in any form permitted without written permission of NFPA®. 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ISBN: 978-145592353-3 (PDF) Copyright 2020 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA®). Licensed by agreement to Ray Perez FOR INDIVIDUAL USE ONLY and downloaded on 03/12/2020. No reproduction or transmission in any form permitted without written permission of NFPA®. For inquiries or access for multiple users, or to report unauthorized use, contact [email protected]. ® ADDITIONAL IMPORTANT NOTICES AND DISCLAIMERS CONCERNING NFPA STANDARDS Updating of NFPA Standards Users of NFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Standards”) should be aware that these documents may be superseded at any time by the issuance of a new edition, may be amended with the issuance of Tentative Interim Amendments (TIAs), or be corrected by Errata. 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For inquiries or access for multiple users, or to report unauthorized use, contact [email protected]. 1710-1 Copyright © 2019 National Fire Protection Association®. All Rights Reserved. NFPA® 1710 Standard for the Organization and Deployment of Fire Suppression Operations, Emergency Medical Operations, and Special Operations to the Public by Career Fire Departments 2020 Edition L Y N This edition of NFPA 1710, Standard for the Organization and Deployment of Fire Suppression Operations, Emergency Medical Operations, and Special Operations to the Public by Career Fire Departments, was prepared by the Technical Committee on Fire and Emergency Service Organization and Deployment-Career. It was issued by the Standards Council on April 28, 2019, with an effective date of May 18, 2019, and supersedes all previous editions. O This edition of NFPA 1710 was approved as an American National Standard on May 18, 2019. Origin and Development of NFPA 1710 S E L U In 2001, the first edition of NFPA 1710 was issued. The development of that benchmark standard was the result of a considerable amount of hard work and tenacity by the technical committee members and the organizations they represented. That standard was the first organized approach to defining levels of service, deployment capabilities, and staffing levels for substantially career fire A departments. Research work and empirical studies in North America were used by the committee as a basis for developing response times and resource capabilities for those services, as identified by the fire department. U I D Following the issuance of the first edition, the NFPA Standards Council asked the technical 1746929F-90FE-47B5-B42B-FC6B6246B6B0 committee to begin the revision process for a 2004 edition of the standard. The committee formed several task groups to look at various aspects of the document. However, recognizing that the I V standard had not been fully field tested, the extent of the changes proposed were minimal with a cleanup of definitions, the addition of wording regarding equivalency in the annex, and clarification D that the discussion on rate of fire propagation in the annex involved unsprinklered rooms. The 2010 edition of NFPA 1710 standardized and refined terminology and definitions used in the IN document. Particular attention was paid to terminology for time frames for the various events that occur from event initiation to the end of the fire department’s involvement with the incident. This included recognition that there is a time interval to initiate action or intervene at the end of travel R time and before control and mitigation actually begin. The requirements for time frames for alarm handling were revised to correspond to changes F O being made to NFPA 1221. The time allowance for turnout for fires and special operations was lengthened to 80 seconds, but the time measurement was defined to start at the beginning of the transmission of response data to the emergency response units or emergency response facilities. All times shown as both minutes and seconds were changed to seconds only because that is the level of precision in which the committee intends time to be measured. An application section was added in Chapter 1. The travel times for units responding on the first alarm were clarified to indicate the first unit must arrive within 4 minutes travel time and all units must arrive within 8 minutes travel time. The quadrennial report required to be provided to the AHJ in the previous edition was changed to an annual report. The annex material related to the requirement stated for an initial full alarm assignment capability was moved to the body of the standard to clarify that the requirement applies to a structure fire in a typical 2000 ft2 (186 m2), two-story single-family dwelling without basement and with no exposures. In addition, wording was added to require additional resources be deployed on fires in occupancies that present hazards greater than the two-story single-family dwelling. The community- wide risk management model that has been in an annex to NFPA 1710. NFPA and National Fire Protection Association are registered trademarks of the National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, Massachusetts 02169. Copyright 2020 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA®). Licensed by agreement to Ray Perez FOR INDIVIDUAL USE ONLY and downloaded on 03/12/2020. No reproduction or transmission in any form permitted without written permission of NFPA®. For inquiries or access for multiple users, or to report unauthorized use, contact [email protected]. 1710-2 ORGANIZATION AND DEPLOYMENT OF FIRE SUPPRESSION OPERATIONS BY CAREER FIRE DEPARTMENTS The work done by the committee provided the user with a template for developing an implementation plan on the standard. Most important, it provided the body politic and citizens a true picture of the risks in their communities and the fire departments’ capabilities to respond to and manage those risks. In the 2016 edition, the committee added three new occupancies and the appropriate response staffing levels for garden- style apartment, open-air strip mall, and high-rise occupancies. In addition, redundant text was removed, and some language was clarified. For the 2020 edition, the committee has updated the definition for career fire department and clarified how to determine if the department would fall under either NFPA 1710 or NFPA 1720. The committee has also added several new definitions relating to geographic areas based on population density, and included the number of responders needed based on type of incident and tasks to accomplish. New requirements have been added for mobile water supply tankers/tenders. Requirements for deployment and training of incident safety officers have been added as well. And material on wildland fire suppression has been expanded. L Y O N S E L U U A 1746929F-90FE-47B5-B42B-FC6B6246B6B0 I D I V D IN O R F 2020 Edition Copyright 2020 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA®). Licensed by agreement to Ray Perez FOR INDIVIDUAL USE ONLY and downloaded on 03/12/2020. No reproduction or transmission in any form permitted without written permission of NFPA®. For inquiries or access for multiple users, or to report unauthorized use, contact [email protected]. COMMITTEE PERSONNEL 1710-3 Technical Committee on Fire and Emergency Service Organization and Deployment-Career William W. Bryson, Chair Pembroke Pines, FL [E] Rep. Metropolitan Fire Chiefs-IAFC/NFPA Thomas George Arnold, Fairfax County Fire Rescue, PA [E] Patrick Martin Lancton, International Association of Fire Fighters Michael S. Digman, Metro West Fire Protection District, MO [U] Local 341 (IAFF), TX [L] Dave Downey, Miami Dade Fire Rescue, FL [E] Frank A. Leeb, FDNY, NY [U] Rep. International Association of Fire Chiefs Rep. Fire Department City of New York Richard K. Fagan, Center for Public Safety Excellence, MO [SE] Frank Lima, United Firefighters of Los Angeles City, CA [L] Anne M. Finn, League of Minnesota Cities, MN [C] Richard L. Merrell, Fairfax County Fire & Rescue Department, VA Rep. National League of Cities [M] Y Rep. International Fire Service Training Association Michael Grant, New Haven, CT [SE] Hugh O’Callaghan, Hamden Fire Department, CT [U] L Thomas Hanify, The Professional Firefighters Union of Indiana, IN [L] Gary Rainey, Florida Professional Firefighters, FL [L] Rep. International Association of Fire Fighters Chris Ross, Association des Pompiers de Montreal Inc., Canada [L] Todd A. Harms, Sacramento Metro Fire Dist, CA [E] Michael Haynes, U.S. Department of the Air Force, TX [E] Jason M. Hoevelmann, Florissant Valley Fire Protection District, MO [U] L. Charles Smeby, University of Florida, FL [SE] O N Mark A. Sanders, Cincinnati Fire Fighters Local 48- IAFF 8th District, OH [L] Donald H. J. Turno, Savannah River Nuclear Solutions, LLC, SC E Dabney Hudson, DC Firefighters Association, DC [L] [U] Rep. International Association of Fire Fighters J. Curtis Varone, Public Agency Training Council, RI [SE] Thomas C. Jenkins, Rogers Fire Department, AR [E] Kevin P. Kuntz, Verisk Analytics/Insurance Services Office, Inc., NJ [I] S Andrew J. Vita, City of Fairfax Fire Department, VA [E] Jimm Walsh, Winter Park Fire Department, FL [U] U Rep. International Fire Marshals Association L Alternates Matt Alter, Cincinnati Fire Fighters Union Local 48, OH [L] Anthony Gamboa, United Firefighters of Los Angeles City, CA [L] (Alt. to Mark A. Sanders) Steve Beuerlein, Phoenix Fire Department, AZ [L] (Alt. to Patrick Martin Lancton) Eric Bridge, Sacramento Metropolitan Fire District, CA [E] U A (Alt. to Frank Lima) Rob Hyndman, Ontario Professional Fire Fighter’s Association (PFFA), Canada [L] (Alt. to Dabney Hudson) (Alt. to Todd A. Harms) 1746929F-90FE-47B5-B42B-FC6B6246B6B0 I William Brad Brown, Grand Rapids Fire Department, MI [E] D Donald Lombardi, West Metro Fire Rescue, CO [E] (Alt. to Dave Downey) V (Voting Alt.) Kevin McDonald, Springdale Fire Department, AR [E] I Rachel Lynn Carlson, League Of Minnesota Cities, MN [C] (Alt. to Thomas C. Jenkins) (Alt. to Anne M. Finn) Patrick J. Morrison, International Association of Fire Fighters, DC D Joseph Finn, Boston Fire Department, MA [E] [L] (Alt. to William W. Bryson) (Alt. to Thomas Hanify) IN Ken Holland, NFPA Staff Liaison This list represents the membership at the time the Committee was balloted on the final text of this edition. R Since that time, changes in the membership may have occurred. A key to classifications is found at the back of the document. F O NOTE: Membership on a committee shall not in and of itself constitute an endorsement of the Association or any document developed by the committee on which the member serves. Committee Scope: This Committee shall have primary responsibility for documents on the organization, operation, deployment, and evaluation of substantially all career public fire protection and emergency medical services. 2020 Edition Copyright 2020 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA®). Licensed by agreement to Ray Perez FOR INDIVIDUAL USE ONLY and downloaded on 03/12/2020. No reproduction or transmission in any form permitted without written permission of NFPA®. For inquiries or access for multiple users, or to report unauthorized use, contact [email protected]. 1710-4 ORGANIZATION AND DEPLOYMENT OF FIRE SUPPRESSION OPERATIONS BY CAREER FIRE DEPARTMENTS Contents Chapter 1 Administration......................................... 1710– 5 5.2 Fire Suppression Services................................ 1710– 11 1.1 Scope................................................................. 1710– 5 5.3 Emergency Medical Services (EMS)............... 1710– 13 1.2 Purpose............................................................. 1710– 5 5.4 Special Operations Response.......................... 1710– 14 1.3 Application....................................................... 1710– 5 5.5 Airport Rescue and Fire-Fighting (ARFF) 1.4 Equivalency....................................................... 1710– 5 Services............................................................. 1710– 15 5.6 Marine Rescue and Fire-Fighting (MRFF) Chapter 2 Referenced Publications......................... 1710– 5 Services............................................................. 1710– 15 2.1 General............................................................. 1710– 5 5.7 Wildland Fire Suppression Services................ 1710– 16 2.2 NFPA Publications............................................ 1710– 5 2.3 Other Publications........................................... 1710– 6 Chapter 6 Systems..................................................... 1710– 17 2.4 References for Extracts in Mandatory 6.1 Safety and Health System................................ 1710– 17 Y Sections............................................................. 1710– 6 6.2 Incident Management System......................... 1710– 17 6.3 Training Systems.............................................. 1710– 17 Chapter 3.1 3.2 3.3 3 Definitions............................................... General............................................................. NFPA Official Definitions................................ General Definitions.......................................... 1710– 6 1710– 6 1710– 6 1710– 6 6.4 6.5 Annex A Communications Systems................................ Pre-Incident Planning...................................... N Explanatory Material............................... L 1710– 17 1710– 17 1710– 17 Chapter 4.1 4 Organization............................................ Fire Department Organizational Statement... 1710– 9 1710– 9 Annex B Community-Wide Risk Assessment O Model....................................................... 1710– 23 E 4.2 Fire Suppression Services................................ 1710– 10 4.3 Emergency Medical Services........................... 1710– 10 Annex C NFPA 1710 at a Glance............................ 1710– 26 S 4.4 Special Operations........................................... 1710– 10 Annex D Response Objectives............................... 1710– 27 4.5 Airport Rescue and Fire-Fighting Services..... 1710– 10 U 4.6 Marine Rescue and Fire-Fighting Services..... 1710– 10 Annex E Informational References....................... 1710– 27 4.7 Wildland Fire Suppression Services................ 1710– 10 4.8 Intercommunity Organization........................ 1710– 10 Index.................................................................. 1710– 29 Chapter 5 5.1 Fire Department Services....................... Purpose............................................................. 1710– 11 1710– 11 A L 1746929F-90FE-47B5-B42B-FC6B6246B6B0 D U V I D I IN O R F 2020 Edition Copyright 2020 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA®). Licensed by agreement to Ray Perez FOR INDIVIDUAL USE ONLY and downloaded on 03/12/2020. No reproduction or transmission in any form permitted without written permission of NFPA®. For inquiries or access for multiple users, or to report unauthorized use, contact [email protected]. REFERENCED PUBLICATIONS 1710-5 NFPA 1710 department and does not address tactical operations at a specific emergency incident. Standard for the 1.2 Purpose. Organization and Deployment of Fire 1.2.1* The purpose of this standard is to specify the minimum criteria addressing the effectiveness and efficiency of the career Suppression Operations, Emergency Medical public fire suppression operations, emergency medical service, Operations, and Special Operations to the and special operations delivery in protecting the citizens of the jurisdiction and the occupational safety and health of fire Public by Career Fire Departments department employees. 2020 Edition 1.2.2 Nothing herein is intended to restrict any jurisdiction from exceeding these minimum requirements. IMPORTANT NOTE: This NFPA document is made available for use subject to important notices and legal disclaimers. These notices and disclaimers appear in all publications containing this document 1.3 Application. 1.3.1 This standard applies to the deployment of resources by a fire department to emergency situations when operations can L Y N and may be found under the heading “Important Notices and Disclaimers Concerning NFPA Standards.” They can also be viewed be implemented to save lives and property. O at www.nfpa.org/disclaimers or obtained on request from NFPA. 1.3.2 The standard is a benchmark for most common respon‐ UPDATES, ALERTS, AND FUTURE EDITIONS: New editions of ses and a platform for developing the appropriate plan for NFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides (i.e., deployment of resources for fires in higher hazard occupancies NFPA Standards) are released on scheduled revision cycles. This edition may be superseded by a later one, or it may be amended outside of its scheduled revision cycle through the issuance of Tenta‐ tive Interim Amendments (TIAs). An official NFPA Standard at any or more complex incidents. S E 1.4* Equivalency. Nothing in this standard is intended to prohibit the use of systems, methods, or approaches of equiva‐ point in time consists of the current edition of the document, together with all TIAs and Errata in effect. To verify that this document is the current edition or to determine if it has been amended by TIAs or Errata, please consult the National Fire Codes® Subscription Service L U lent or superior performance to those prescribed by this stand‐ ard, provided technical documentation is submitted to the authority having jurisdiction to demonstrate equivalency. or the “List of NFPA Codes & Standards” at www.nfpa.org/docinfo. In addition to TIAs and Errata, the document information pages also include the option to sign up for alerts for individual documents and to be involved in the development of the next edition. U A Chapter 2 Referenced Publications 2.1 General. The documents or portions thereof listed in this D chapter are referenced within this standard and shall be NOTICE: An asterisk (*) following the number or letter 1746929F-90FE-47B5-B42B-FC6B6246B6B0 the paragraph can be found in Annex A. V I designating a paragraph indicates that explanatory material on considered part of the requirements of this document. 2.2 NFPA Publications. National Fire Protection Association, I A reference in brackets [ ] following a section or paragraph 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471. indicates material that has been extracted from another NFPA NFPA 72®, National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code®, 2019 D document. Extracted text may be edited for consistency and style and may include the revision of internal paragraph refer‐ edition. NFPA 403, Standard for Aircraft Rescue and Fire-Fighting Services IN ences and other references as appropriate. Requests for inter‐ pretations or revisions of extracted text shall be sent to the at Airports, 2018 edition. technical committee responsible for the source document. NFPA 472, Standard for Competence of Responders to Hazardous Information on referenced and extracted publications can Materials/Weapons of Mass Destruction Incidents, 2018 edition. O R be found in Chapter 2 and Annex E. Chapter 1 Administration NFPA 1143, Standard for Wildland Fire Management, 2018 edition. NFPA 1221, Standard for the Installation, Maintenance, and Use of Emergency Services Communications Systems, 2019 edition. F Δ 1.1* Scope. This standard contains minimum requirements relating to the organization and deployment of fire suppression operations, emergency medical operations, and special opera‐ tions to the public by career fire departments. NFPA 1407, Standard for Training Fire Service Rapid Intervention Crews, 2015 edition. NFPA 1500™, Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safety, Health, and Wellness Program, 2018 edition. NFPA 1521, Standard for Fire Department Safety Officer Profes‐ 1.1.1 The requirements address functions and performance sional Qualifications, 2015 edition. objectives of fire department emergency service delivery, NFPA 1561, Standard on Emergency Services Incident Manage‐ response capabilities, and resources. ment System and Command Safety, 2014 edition. 1.1.2 This standard also contains general requirements for NFPA 1620, Standard for Pre-Incident Planning, 2015 edition. managing resources and systems, such as health and safety, inci‐ NFPA 1670, Standard on Operations and Training for Technical dent management, training, communications, and pre-incident Search and Rescue Incidents, 2017 edition. planning. 1.1.3 This standard addresses the strategic and system issues involving the organization, operation, and deployment of a fire Shaded text = Revisions. Δ = Text deletions and figure/table revisions. = Section deletions. N = New material. 2020 Edition Copyright 2020 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA®). Licensed by agreement to Ray Perez FOR INDIVIDUAL USE ONLY and downloaded on 03/12/2020. No reproduction or transmission in any form permitted without written permission of NFPA®. For inquiries or access for multiple users, or to report unauthorized use, contact [email protected]. 1710-6 ORGANIZATION AND DEPLOYMENT OF FIRE SUPPRESSION OPERATIONS BY CAREER FIRE DEPARTMENTS 2.3 Other Publications. indicate requirements and that is in a form generally suitable for mandatory reference by another standard or code or for 2.3.1 U.S. Government Publications. U.S. Government adoption into law. Nonmandatory provisions are not to be Publishing Office, 732 North Capitol Street, NW, Washington, considered a part of the requirements of a standard and shall DC 20401-0001. be located in an appendix, annex, footnote, informational Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 1910.120, note, or other means as permitted in the NFPA Manuals of “Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response.” Style. When used in a generic sense, such as in the phrase “standards development process” or “standards development Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 1910.146, activities,” the term “standards” includes all NFPA Standards, “Permit-Required Confined Space.” including Codes, Standards, Recommended Practices, and 2.3.2 Other Publications. Guides. Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary, 11th edition, Merriam- 3.3 General Definitions. Webster, Inc., Springfield, MA, 2003. 2.4 References for Extracts in Mandatory Sections. 3.3.1 Advanced Life Support (ALS). See 3.3.44.1. 3.3.2 Aid. L Y N NFPA 472, Standard for Competence of Responders to Hazardous 3.3.2.1* Automatic Aid. A plan developed between two or Materials/Weapons of Mass Destruction Incidents, 2018 edition. more fire departments for immediate joint response on first O NFPA 1002, Standard for Fire Apparatus Driver/Operator Profes‐ alarms. [1142, 2017] sional Qualifications, 2017 edition. NFPA 1081, Standard for Facility Fire Brigade Member Professional 3.3.2.2 Mutual Aid. A written intergovernmental agree‐ E Qualifications, 2018 edition. ment between agencies and/or jurisdictions that they will NFPA 1142, Standard on Water Supplies for Suburban and Rural assist one another on request by furnishing personnel, Fire Fighting, 2017 edition. NFPA 1221, Standard for the Installation, Maintenance, and Use of Emergency Services Communications Systems, 2019 edition. NFPA 1500™, Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safety S equipment, and/or expertise in a specified manner. 3.3.3 Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting. See 3.3.25.1. U 3.3.4* Aircraft Rescue and Fire-Fighting (ARFF) Vehicle. A and Health Program, 2018 edition. NFPA 1521, Standard for Fire Department Safety Officer Profes‐ sional Qualifications, 2015 edition. A L vehicle intended to carry rescue and fire-fighting equipment for rescuing occupants and combating fires in aircraft at, or in the vicinity of, an airport. [1002, 2017] U NFPA 1561, Standard on Emergency Services Incident Manage‐ 3.3.5* Alarm. A signal or message from a person or device ment System and Command Safety, 2014 edition. indicating the existence of an emergency or other situation D NFPA 1720, Standard for the Organization and Deployment of Fire that requires action by an emergency response agency. [1221, 1746929F-90FE-47B5-B42B-FC6B6246B6B0 Suppression Operations, Emergency Medical Operations, and Special I Operations to the Public by Volunteer Fire Departments, 2020 edition. NFPA 1901, Standard for Automotive Fire Apparatus, 2016 V 2019] 3.3.6 Alarm Answering Time. See 3.3.64.1. edition. Chapter 3 Definitions D I 3.3.7 Alarm Handling Time. See 3.3.64.2. 3.3.8 Alarm Processing Time. See 3.3.64.3. IN 3.3.9 Alarm Transfer Time. See 3.3.64.4. 3.1 General. The definitions contained in this chapter shall 3.3.10 Apparatus. apply to the terms used in this standard. Where terms are not 3.3.10.1 Fire Apparatus. A vehicle designed to be used R defined in this chapter or within another chapter, they shall be defined using their ordinarily accepted meanings within the under emergency conditions to transport personnel and context in which they are used. Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate equipment, and to support the suppression of fires and miti‐ O Dictionary, 11th edition, shall be the source for the ordinarily F accepted meaning. 3.2 NFPA Official Definitions. N gation of other hazardous situations. [1901, 2016] 3.3.10.2 Mobile Water Supply Apparatus (Tanker, Tender). A vehicle designed primarily for transporting (pickup, trans‐ porting, and delivering) water to fire emergency scenes to 3.2.1* Approved. Acceptable to the authority having jurisdic‐ be applied by other vehicles or pumping equipment. [1901, tion. 2016] 3.2.2* Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ). An organization, 3.3.10.3 Quint Apparatus. A fire apparatus with a perma‐ office, or individual responsible for enforcing the requirements nently mounted fire pump, a water tank, a hose storage of a code or standard, or for approving equipment, materials, area, an aerial device with a permanently mounted water‐ an installation, or a procedure. way, and a complement of ground ladders. 3.2.3 Shall. Indicates a mandatory requirement. 3.3.10.4 Specialized Apparatus. A fire apparatus or vehicle 3.2.4 Should. Indicates a recommendation or that which is that is used for support or specialized equipment and serv‐ advised but not required. ices at emergency scenes for functions such as, but not limi‐ ted to, command, technical rescue, hazardous materials 3.2.5 Standard. An NFPA Standard, the main text of which mitigation, urban search and rescue, air supply, electrical contains only mandatory provisions using the word “shall” to 2020 Edition Shaded text = Revisions. Δ = Text deletions and figure/table revisions. = Section deletions. N = New material. Copyright 2020 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA®). Licensed by agreement to Ray Perez FOR INDIVIDUAL USE ONLY and downloaded on 03/12/2020. No reproduction or transmission in any form permitted without written permission of NFPA®. For inquiries or access for multiple users, or to report unauthorized use, contact [email protected]. DEFINITIONS 1710-7 generation and lighting, or transport of equipment and 3.3.25.3 Structural Fire Fighting. The activities of rescue, personnel. fire suppression, and property conservation in buildings or other structures, vehicles, rail cars, marine vessels, aircraft, 3.3.11 Automatic Aid. See 3.3.2.1. or like properties. 3.3.12 Basic Life Support (BLS). See 3.3.44.2. 3.3.26 Fire Protection. Methods of providing fire detection, N 3.3.13 Career Fire Department. A fire department that control, and extinguishment. utilizes full-time or full-time-equivalent (FTE) station-based 3.3.27* Fire Suppression. The activities involved in control‐ personnel immediately available to comprise at least 50 percent ling and extinguishing fires. [1500, 2018] of an initial full alarm assignment. N 3.3.28 First-Due Response Zone. The geographic area N 3.3.14* Community Risk Assessment. A systematic approach surrounding a fire station in which a company from that station that identifies, assesses, categorizes, and classifies the probabili‐ is projected to be the first to arrive on the scene of an incident. ties and consequences of a community’s fire and nonfire hazards and threats, taking into account all pertinent facts that increase or decrease risks in each first-due response zone. 3.3.15* Company. A group of members: (1) under the direct 3.3.29* First Responder (EMS). Functional provision of initial assessment (i.e., airway, breathing, and circulatory systems) and basic first-aid intervention, including CPR and L Y supervision of an officer; (2) trained and equipped to perform assigned tasks; (3) usually organized and identified as engine companies, ladder companies, rescue companies, squad companies, or multi-functional companies; (4) operating with automatic external defibrillator (AED) capability. O N 3.3.30 Forcible Entry. Techniques used by fire personnel to gain entry into buildings, vehicles, aircraft, or other areas of confinement when normal means of entry are locked or E one piece of fire apparatus (pumper, aerial fire apparatus, blocked. elevating platform, quint, rescue, squad, ambulance) except N 3.3.31* Full-Time Equivalent (FTE). The hours worked by where multiple apparatus are assigned that are dispatched and arrive together, continuously operate together, and are managed by a single company officer; (5) arriving at the inci‐ dent scene on fire apparatus. [1500, 2018] S one employee on a full-time basis or a conversion of the hours worked by several part-time employees into the hours worked U by full-time employees. 3.3.16 Company Officer. See 3.3.48.1. 3.3.17 Crew. See 3.3.63, Team. A L N 3.3.32 Geographical Isolation. A first-due response zone or jurisdiction with staffed resources where over 80 percent of the response area is outside of a 10-minute travel time from the next closest staffed suppression apparatus. U N 3.3.18 Dense Urban. An incorporated or unincorporated area with a population of over 200,000 people and/or a population N 3.3.33* Geographical Restriction. A defined condition, meas‐ D density of over 3,000 people per square mile. ure, or infrastructure design that limits response and/or results 1746929F-90FE-47B5-B42B-FC6B6246B6B0 3.3.19 Emergency Incident. Any situation to which an emer‐ V I gency services organization responds to deliver emergency serv‐ in predictable response delays to certain portions of the juris‐ diction. hazard control and mitigation. [1561, 2014] D I ices, including rescue, fire suppression, emergency medical care, special operations, law enforcement, and other forms of 3.3.20 Emergency Medical Care. The treatment of patients 3.3.34* Hazard. A condition that presents the potential for harm or damage to people, property, or the environment. 3.3.35 Hazardous Material. A substance that is capable of creating harm to people, the environment, or property due to IN using first aid, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, basic life its toxicity, chemical reactivity, decomposition, or corrosivity; is support, advanced life support, and other medical procedures capable of explosion or detonation; or presents etiological prior to arrival at a hospital or other health care facility. hazards, whether used for its intended purpose or as a weapon O R 3.3.21 Emergency Operations. See 3.3.49.1. N 3.3.22 Fire Alarm Signal Notification. Activation of an alarm- initiating device from a supervising station alarm system as of mass destruction (WMD) or for illicit labs purposes, environ‐ mental crimes, or industrial sabotage. 3.3.36* High-Hazard Occupancy. An occupancy that presents F a high life hazard or large fire potential due to its construction, identified by NFPA 72. configuration, or the presence of specific materials, processes, 3.3.23 Fire Apparatus. See 3.3.10.1. or contents. 3.3.24 Fire Department Member. See 3.3.46, Member. 3.3.37 Incident Commander. The member responsible for all incident activities, including the development of strategies and 3.3.25 Fire Fighting. tactics and the ordering and the release of resources. [472, 3.3.25.1* Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting. The fire-fighting 2018] actions taken to rescue persons and to control or extinguish 3.3.38* Incident Management System (IMS). An organized fire involving or adjacent to aircraft on the ground. [1500, system that defines the roles and responsibilities to be assumed 2018] by responders and the standard operating procedures to be 3.3.25.2* Marine Rescue and Fire Fighting. The fire-fighting used in the management and direction of emergency incidents action taken to prevent, control, or extinguish fire involved and other functions. in or adjacent to a marine vessel and the rescue actions for 3.3.39 Incident Safety Officer. See 3.3.48.2. occupants using normal and emergency routes for egress. Shaded text = Revisions. Δ = Text deletions and figure/table revisions. = Section deletions. N = New material. 2020 Edition Copyright 2020 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA®). Licensed by agreement to Ray Perez FOR INDIVIDUAL USE ONLY and downloaded on 03/12/2020. No reproduction or transmission in any form permitted without written permission of NFPA®. For inquiries or access for multiple users, or to report unauthorized use, contact [email protected]. 1710-8 ORGANIZATION AND DEPLOYMENT OF FIRE SUPPRESSION OPERATIONS BY CAREER FIRE DEPARTMENTS 3.3.40 Initial Full Alarm Assignment. Those personnel, equip‐ 3.3.53* Rapid Intervention Crew (RIC). A dedicated crew of ment, and resources ordinarily dispatched upon notification of at least one officer and three members, positioned outside the a structure fire. IDLH, trained and equipped as specified in NFPA 1407, who are assigned for rapid deployment to rescue lost or trapped 3.3.41 Initial Rapid Intervention Crew (IRIC). See 3.3.53.1. members. 3.3.42 Initiating Action/Intervention Time. See 3.3.64.5. 3.3.53.1 Initial Rapid Intervention Crew (IRIC). Two 3.3.43 Intergovernmental Agreement. A written formal members of the initial attack crew, positioned outside the authorization for services between two or more jurisdictions. IDLH, trained and equipped as specified in NFPA 1407, who are assigned for rapid deployment (i.e., two in/two out) to 3.3.44 Life Support. rescue lost or trapped members. 3.3.44.1 Advanced Life Support (ALS). Emergency medical 3.3.54 Rescue. Those activities directed at locating endan‐ treatment beyond basic life support that provides for gered persons at an emergency incident, removing those advanced airway management including intubation, advanced cardiac monitoring, defibrillation, establishment and maintenance of intravenous access, and drug therapy. persons from danger, treating the injured, and providing for transport to an appropriate health care facility. [1500, 2018] N 3.3.55 Rural. An area with fewer than 500 people per square L Y 3.3.44.2* Basic Life Support (BLS). A specific level of pre‐ hospital medical care provided by trained responders, focused on rapidly evaluating a patient's condition; main‐ taining a patient's airway, breathing, and circulation; controlling external bleeding; preventing shock; and mile. 3.3.56 Special Operations. See 3.3.49.2. 3.3.57 Specialized Apparatus. See 3.3.10.4. O N preventing further injury or disability by immobilizing potential spinal or other bone fractures. 3.3.45 Marine Rescue and Fire Fighting. See 3.3.25.2. E 3.3.58* Staff Aide. A fire fighter or fire officer assigned to a supervisory chief officer to assist with the logistical, tactical, and S accountability functions of incident, division, or sector command. 3.3.46* Member. A person involved in performing the duties and responsibilities of a fire department, under the auspices of the organization. [1500, 2018] L U 3.3.59 Standard Operating Procedure. A written organiza‐ tional directive that establishes or prescribes specific opera‐ tional or administrative methods to be followed routinely for 3.3.47 Mutual Aid. See 3.3.2.2. 3.3.48 Officer. 3.3.48.1* Company Officer. A supervisor of a crew/company U A the performance of designated operations or actions. [1521, 2015] 3.3.60 Structural Fire Fighting. See 3.3.25.3. 1746929F-90FE-47B5-B42B-FC6B6246B6B0 of personnel. 3.3.48.2 Incident Safety Officer. A member of the command I D N 3.3.61 Suburban. An incorporated or unincorporated area with a population between 500 and 1,000 people per square V mile. I staff responsible for monitoring and assessing safety hazards or unsafe situations and for developing measures for ensur‐ 3.3.62 Supervisory Chief Officer. See 3.3.48.3. D ing personnel safety. 3.3.63 Team. Two or more members who have been assigned 3.3.48.3* Supervisory Chief Officer. A member whose a common task and are in communication with each other, IN responsibility is to assume command through a formalized coordinate their activities as a work group, and support the transfer of command process and to allow company officers safety of one another. [1081, 2018] to directly supervise personnel assigned to them. 3.3.64 Time. O R 3.3.49 Operations. 3.3.49.1 Emergency Operations. Activities of the fire depart‐ ment relating to rescue, fire suppression, emergency medi‐ 3.3.64.1 Alarm Answering Time. The time interval that begins when the alarm is received at the communication center and ends when the alarm is acknowledged at the Fcal care, and special operations, including response to the scene of the incident and all functions performed at the scene. [1500, 2018] 3.3.49.2* Special Operations. Those emergency incidents to communication center. 3.3.64.2 Alarm Handling Time. The time interval from the receipt of the alarm at the primary PSAP until the begin‐ ning of the transmittal of the response information via voice or electronic means to emergency response facilities (ERFs) which the fire department responds that require specific and advanced training and specialized tools and equipment. or the emergency response units (ERUs) in the field. [1500, 2018] 3.3.64.3 Alarm Processing Time. The time interval from N 3.3.50 Performance Objective. The specific requirement or when the alarm is acknowledged at the communication end result of a work activity. center until response information begins to be transmitted via voice or electronic means to emergency response facili‐ 3.3.51 Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP). A facility in ties (ERFs) and emergency response units (ERUs). which 9-1-1 calls are answered. [1221, 2019] 3.3.52 Quint Apparatus. See 3.3.10.3. 2020 Edition Shaded text = Revisions. Δ = Text deletions and figure/table revisions. = Section deletions. N = New material. Copyright 2020 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA®). Licensed by agreement to Ray Perez FOR INDIVIDUAL USE ONLY and downloaded on 03/12/2020. No reproduction or transmission in any form permitted without written permission of NFPA®. For inquiries or access for multiple users, or to report unauthorized use, contact [email protected]. ORGANIZATION 1710-9 3.3.64.4 Alarm Transfer Time. The time interval from the (1) Alarm handling time completion in accordance with receipt of the emergency alarm at the PSAP until the alarm 4.1.2.3 is first received at the communication center. (2) 80 seconds turnout time for fire and special operations response and 60 seconds turnout time for EMS response 3.3.64.5* Initiating Action/Intervention Time. The time inter‐ (3)* 240 seconds or less travel time for the arrival of the first val from when a unit arrives on the scene to the initiation of engine company at a fire suppression incident emergency mitigation. (4) 360 seconds or less travel time for the arrival of the 3.3.64.6* Total Response Time. The time interval from the second company with a minimum staffing of 4 personnel receipt of the alarm at the primary PSAP to when the first at a fire suppression incident emergency response unit is initiating action or intervening (5) For other than high-rise, 480 seconds or less travel time to control the incident. for the deployment of an initial full alarm assignment at a fire suppression incident 3.3.64.7 Travel Time. The time interval that begins when a (6) For high-rise, 610 seconds or less travel time for the unit is en route to the emergency incident and ends when the unit arrives at the scene. 3.3.64.8 Turnout Time. The time interval that begins when deployment of an initial full alarm assignment at a fire suppression incident (7) 240 seconds or less travel time for the arrival of a unit

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