Adipose Tissue PDF

Specialized connective tissue Specialized CT Adipose tissue Adipose tissue Specialized connective tissue that stores fat Main cells: adipocytes - derived from mesenchymal cells, participate in the synthesis and storage of triglycerides Types of adipose tissue: White or uniloc...

Specialized connective tissue Specialized CT Adipose tissue Adipose tissue Specialized connective tissue that stores fat Main cells: adipocytes - derived from mesenchymal cells, participate in the synthesis and storage of triglycerides Types of adipose tissue: White or unilocular adipose tissue Brown or multilocular adipose tissue  White or unilocular adipocyte Large spherical cells that become polyhedral when they accumulate in adipose tissue. Single drop of fat that displaces all the cytoplasmic content and the nucleus towards the periphery. Present hormone receptors in the membranes that will influence the formation of fat, or the release of fat from the adipocyte: insulin, growth hormone, noradrenaline and glucocorticoids.  Brown or multilocular adipocyte Smaller and more polygonal cells than the white adipocytes Multiple small drops of fat Rounded nucleus in the center of the cell Abundant mitochondria White adipose tissue: Composed mainly of white adipocytes Also presents macrophages, mast cells, fibroblasts and lymphocytes Scarce ECM Abundant vascularization and innervation Accumulates mainly in the subcutaneous tissue in different regions depending on the sex and age of the individual. Functions of the white adipose tissue: Mechanical protection Thermal isolation Organs trophic support ENERGY RESERVE Deposit and usage of fat Dietary intake Nervous control Energy expenditure Hormonal control Brown adipose tissue: Composed mainly of brown adipocytes Also presents adipoblasts (preadipocytes), macrophages, mast cells, fibroblasts and lymphocytes Scarce ECM and fibers Abundant vascularization and innervation Especially present in newborns and hibernators Only found around large vessels in the human adult Helps maintain body temperature thanks to the number of mitochondria present in these adipocytes