BPMN Modeling with BPMN & DMN PDF

Master's in Computer Science and Business Management P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT D MN C ONCEPTS Process Modelling and Deployment José Ca...

Master's in Computer Science and Business Management P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT D MN C ONCEPTS Process Modelling and Deployment José Cascais Brás Professor P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT D MN C ONCEPTS Modelling with BPMN & DMN José Cascais Brás Professor  D MN C ONCEPTS P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT 01 DMN – Decision Models & Notation  D MN C ONCEPTS P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT DMN – Decision Models & Notation  Decision Model and Notation (DMN) Decision Model and Notation (DMN) is a standard established by the Object Management Group (OMG) to describe and model operational decisions. P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT D MN C ONCEPTS DMN decison models can be shared between DMN-compatible platforms and among organizations so that business analysts and business rule programmers are unified in the design, as well as those who manage and monitor these decisions in the implementation of DMN decision services. The DMN Standard is similar and can be used alongside the Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) standard to design and model business processes..  Value proposition ❑Help all stakeholders understand a complex domain of decision-making using easily readable diagrams P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT D MN C ONCEPTS ❑Provide a natural basis for discussion and agreement on the scope and nature of business decision-making ❑Reduce the effort and risk of decision automation projects through graphical decomposition of requirements ❑Allow business rules to be defined simply and reliably in unambiguous decision tables  Value proposition ❑Simplify development of decisioning systems using specifications that may be automatically validated and P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT D MN C ONCEPTS executed ❑Provide a structured context for the development and management of predictive analytic models ❑Enable the development of a library of reusable decision- making components  N O MDE MDN O CTROANBCAELPHT OS P R O C ENSOS MM I DGA D E ODDAE LULNI N UE & E DCEUPRLROI YC M NR LA T use it? Who should  Who should use it? ❑Business people who manage and monitor the decisions P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT D MN C ONCEPTS ❑Business analysts or functional analysts ❑Who document the initial decision requirements and specify the detailed decision models and decision logic ❑Technical developers ❑Responsible for the automation of systems that make the decisions  N O MDE MDN O CTROANBCAELPHT OS P R O C ENSOS MM I DGA D E ODDAE LULNI N UE & E DCEUPRLROI YC M NR LA T Basic Concepts  DMN: Basic concepts In the context of DMN, a decision is an act of: determining an output value, based on a number of input values, using logic to define how the output is determined by the inputs. P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT D MN C ONCEPTS A decision model is defined at two levels: 1.Decision Requirements Level Define the decisions to be made, their interrelations, and the necessary components for the decision logic. 2.Decision Logic Level Define the decisions of the requirements in some form of logical representation with sufficient details, allowing for validation and/or automation.  D MN C ONCEPTS P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT DMN: Basic concepts  DMN: Elements DMN models consist of the following five elements: 1. Decisions: In the model, one or multiple inputs determine an P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT D MN C ONCEPTS output based on decision logic. 2. Input Data: Information necessary to determine a decision. This information generally includes concepts or objects at the business level relevant to the business, such as peak hours of a restaurant and personnel availability. 3. Business Knowledge Models: Reusable parts of the decision logic. Decisions that share the same logic but depend on different sub-inputs or sub-decisions use business knowledge models to determine which procedure to follow.  DMN: Elements DMN models consist of the following five elements: P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT D MN C ONCEPTS 4. Knowledge Sources: External regulations, documents, committees, policies, etc., that shape the decision logic. Knowledge sources are references to real-world factors instead of executable business rules. 5. Decision Service: A decision service is a high-level decision, with well-defined inputs, that is published as a service for invocation. In the diagram, it is represented by an overlapped rectangle with rounded corners. The decision service can be invoked from an external application or a business process (BPMN).  D MN C ONCEPTS P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT Main Concepts  DMN: Principais Conceitos A Notação de Modelos de Decisão (Decision Model Notation - DMN) é uma notação gráfica padronizada, utilizada para representar modelos de decisão de forma clara e compreensível para todas as partes envolvidas no processo de tomada de decisão. Isso inclui analistas de negócios responsáveis por capturar e definir as regras de decisão, assim como os programadores encarregados de implementar essas regras em sistemas P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT D MN C ONCEPTS de software. BUSINESS PROCESS Mais detalhe DECISION REQUIREMENTS 2 níveis de âmbito DECISION LOGIC  DMN: Principais Conceitos A Notação de Modelos de Decisão (Decision Model Notation - DMN) é uma notação gráfica padronizada, utilizada para representar modelos de decisão de forma clara e compreensível para todas as partes envolvidas no processo de tomada de decisão. Isso inclui analistas de negócios responsáveis por capturar e definir as regras de decisão, assim como os programadores encarregados de implementar essas regras em sistemas P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT D MN C ONCEPTS de software. BUSINESS PROCESS Mais detalhe DECISION REQUIREMENTS DECISION LOGIC  DMN: Principais Conceitos DECISION REQUIREMENTS P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT D MN C ONCEPTS Conceitos de Decisões de negócios apenas negócios Áreas do Fontes do conhecimento do conhecimento do negócio negócio  DMN: Principais Conceitos DECISION LOGIC P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT D MN C ONCEPTS Regras de Maior detalhe negócios Cálculos Automação Apresentação (Display)  N O MDE MDN O CTROANBCAELPHT OS P R O C ENSOS MM I DGA D E ODDAE LULNI N UE & E DCEUPRLROI YC M NR LA T DMN icons  DMN: Notation – Elements DRG/DRD = the act of determining an output from a number or values of input. P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT D MN C ONCEPTS = A function encapsulating business knowledge = information used as an input = Authority for business knowledge or decision  DMN: Notation – Relationships DRG/DRD = used as an input P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT D MN C ONCEPTS = information requirement = invocation = Knowledge requirement = depends on = authority requirements  Elements of the standard ❑ Decision Requirements Diagrams (DRD) Show how the elements of decision- P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT D MN C ONCEPTS making are linked into a dependency network ❑ Decision tables To represent how each decision in such a network can be made  Elements of the standard ❑ Business context for decisions Such as the roles of organizations or the P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT D MN C ONCEPTS impact on performance metrics ❑ A Friendly Enough Expression language (FEEL) That can be used to evaluate expressions in a decision table and other logic formats  Elements of the standard ❑ Comment The graphical shape comment represents the P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT D MN C ONCEPTS DMN element text annotation. A comment can be used to add modeler-entered text for comment or explanation ❑ Edge Represents the DMN element association An edge is a connector that links a comment (text annotation) to the DRG element it explains or comments on  DMN: From requirements to Logic DECISION REQUIREMENTS P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT D MN C ONCEPTS DECISION LOGIC  DMN: From requirements to Logic P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT D MN C ONCEPTS “This will allow the import of many existing decision logic modeling standards (for example, for business rules and analytical models) into DMN.”  DMN: Notation DRG – Decision Requirement Graph Autonomous, complete for 1 decision. P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT D MN C ONCEPTS DRD – Decision Requirements Diagram = Check on DRG Incomplete, showing specific aspects or perspectives.  N O MDE MDN O CTROANBCAELPHT OS P R O C ENSOS MM I DGA D E ODDAE LULNI N UE & E DCEUPRLROI YC M NR LA T Allowed Relationships  DMN: Allowed Relationships. P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT D MN C ONCEPTS Decision 1 is used as input for Decision 2 Input data used as input for the decision The decision depends on the knowledge source Input data depend on the knowledge source Business knowledge invokes the decision The knowledge source depends on the decision  DMN: Allowed Relationships. P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT D MN C ONCEPTS The Knowledge Source depends on the Business Knowledge Business Knowledge 1 invokes Business Knowledge 2 Knowledge Source 1 depends on Knowledge Source 2  Examples The information that is Act of determining an used as an input by one output from a number of or more decisions in order input values using to determine the output Decision decision logic value Input Data P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT D MN C ONCEPTS A function encapsulating business knowledge, for example, as business Knowledge Source rules, a decision table, or an analytic model. An authority for a Business Knowledge Model business knowledge model or decision  Examples Information Requirement ❑ Input data or a decision output being used as one of the inputs of a decision P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT D MN C ONCEPTS Knowledge Requirement ❑ The invocation of a business knowledge model Authority Requirement ❑ The dependence of a Decision Requirement Diagram (DRD) element on another DRD element that acts as a source of guidance or knowledge  DMN: BPMN Vs. DMN Why use DMN? P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT D MN C ONCEPTS We can express rules with gateways in BPMN?!  DMN: BPMN Vs DMN The disillusionment is obvious: it is much more intricate and detailed to express rules in BPMN, P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT D MN C ONCEPTS especially when there are several conditions to be considered. The diagram becomes complex and difficult to maintain. That is why BPMN includes the so-called business rule task, which should be better referred to as a decision task in a later version of the BPMN standard: this task refers to a decision that needs to be made, and the outcome of the decision allows the subsequent exclusive gateway to route the flow, as can be seen in the following example.  Linking BPMN & DMN 1 In Camunda 1. Create your BPMN model P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT D MN C ONCEPTS 2 2. Add the activity where a decision will be made Make its type “Business Rule Task” 3. Link the activity with the DMN Diagram 3 Create the diagram if it does not exist yet  D MN C ONCEPTS P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT 30 minutes HANDS ON | EXERCISE  D MN C ONCEPTS P ROCESS MODELLING & D EPLOYMENT